Hebrew (Unicode block)

Hebrew is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Hebrew, Yiddish, Ladino, and other Jewish diaspora languages.

Hebrew
RangeU+0590..U+05FF
(112 code points)
PlaneBMP
ScriptsHebrew
Major alphabetsHebrew
Yiddish
Assigned88 code points
Unused24 reserved code points
Source standardsISO 8859-8
Unicode version history
1.0.052 (+52)
1.0.151 (-1)
2.082 (+31)
4.186 (+4)
5.087 (+1)
11.088 (+1)
Note: One character was moved from the Hebrew block to the Alphabetic Presentation Forms block in version 1.0.1 during the process of unifying with ISO 10646.[1][2][3]

Block

Hebrew[1][2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
 0123456789ABCDEF
U+059x ֑  ֒  ֓  ֔  ֕  ֖  ֗  ֘  ֙  ֚  ֛  ֜  ֝  ֞  ֟ 
U+05Ax ֠  ֡  ֢  ֣  ֤  ֥  ֦  ֧  ֨  ֩  ֪  ֫  ֬  ֭  ֮  ֯ 
U+05Bx ְ  ֱ  ֲ  ֳ  ִ  ֵ  ֶ  ַ  ָ  ֹ  ֺ  ֻ  ּ  ֽ  ־ ֿ 
U+05Cx ׀ ׁ  ׂ  ׃ ׄ  ׅ  ׆ ׇ 
U+05Dx א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט י ך כ ל ם מ ן
U+05Ex נ ס ע ף פ ץ צ ק ר ש ת ׯ
U+05Fx װ ױ ײ ׳ ״
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 13.0
2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

History

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Hebrew block:

VersionFinal code points[lower-alpha 1]CountUTC IDL2 IDWG2 IDDocument
1.0.0U+05B0..05B9, 05BB..05C3, 05D0..05EA, 05F0..05F451UTC/1991-053Rosenne, Jony (1991-03-26), Hebrew
UTC/1991-048BWhistler, Ken (1991-03-27), "5) Hebrew", Draft Minutes from the UTC meeting #46 day 2, 3/27 at Apple
N1026Liaison Report - Encoding Newsletter, April 1994
X3L2/94-098N1033 (pdf, doc)Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1994-06-01), "8.1.14", Unconfirmed Minutes of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 Meeting 25, Falez Hotel, Antalya, Turkey, 1994-04-18--22
L2/03-234Hudson, John (2003-08-05), More on Meteg and CGJ [1]
L2/03-235Whistler, Ken (2003-08-05), More on Meteg and CGJ [2]
L2/03-236Whistler, Ken (2003-08-05), More on Meteg and CGJ [3]
L2/03-261Keown, Elaine (2003-08-05), E-mail to ANSI regarding Hebrew encoding
L2/03-297Rosenne, Jony (2003-08-24), Hebrew Issues
L2/04-194Kirk, Peter (2004-06-05), On the Hebrew mark METEG
L2/04-213Rosenne, Jony (2004-06-07), Responses to Several Hebrew Related Items
L2/06-104Konstantinov, Ilya (2006-01-18), Feedback for Unicode 5.0.0: HEBREW PUNCTUATION MAQAF is a Dash-character
L2/06-108Moore, Lisa (2006-05-25), "B.14.5, B.11.8", UTC #107 Minutes
2.0U+0591..05A1, 05A3..05AF, 05C431N1079RHebrew cantillation marks in ISO/IEC 10646-1
N1117Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1994-10-31), "7.2.2 item f", Unconfirmed Minutes of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2/WG 2 Meeting 26, Tuscan Inn - Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco, CA, UAS; 1994-10-10 through 14
N1079RASummary Proposal Form and Examples
N1079R2Hebrew cantillation marks in ISO/IEC 10646-1
N1195Hebrew Cantillation marks
N1203Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1995-05-03), "6.1.8", Unconfirmed minutes of SC2/WG2 Meeting 27, Geneva
N1217Further clarifications regarding WG2 N1195, 1995-05-21
X3L2/95-090N1253 (doc, txt)Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1995-09-09), "6.4.3", Unconfirmed Minutes of WG 2 Meeting # 28 in Helsinki, Finland; 1995-06-26--27
N1315Updated Table of replies and national body feedback on pDAM7 - Additional characters (SC2 N2656), 1996-01-09
N1539Table of Replies and Feedback on Amendment 7 – Hebrew etc., 1997-01-29
L2/97-127N1563Paterson, Bruce (1997-05-27), Draft Report on JTC1 letter ballot on DAM No. 7 to ISO/IEC 10646-1 (33 additional characters)
N1572Paterson, Bruce (1997-06-23), Almost Final Text – DAM 7 – 33 additional characters
L2/97-288N1603Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1997-10-24), "5.3.3", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting # 33, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 20 June - 4 July 1997
4.1U+05A21L2/03-443N2692Shoulson, Mark; Kirk, Peter; Everson, Michael (2003-12-11), Proposal to add ATNAH HAFUKH to the BMP of the UCS
L2/04-156R2Moore, Lisa (2004-08-13), "Atnah Hafukh (A.17.3)", UTC #99 Minutes
U+05C5..05C62L2/03-297Rosenne, Jony (2003-08-24), Hebrew Issues
L2/03-299Kirk, Peter (2003-08-25), Issues in the Representation of Pointed Hebrew in Unicode
L2/04-089RN2714Shoulson, Mark; Kirk, Peter; Hudson, John; Everson, Michael; Constable, Peter (2004-03-04), Proposal to add two Masoretic punctuation marks to the BMP of the UCS
L2/04-156R2Moore, Lisa (2004-08-13), "Two Hebrew punctuation marks (A.17.4)", UTC #99 Minutes
U+05C71L2/03-297Rosenne, Jony (2003-08-24), Hebrew Issues
L2/04-150N2755Everson, Michael; Shoulson, Mark (2004-05-03), Proposal to add QAMATS QATAN to the BMP of the UCS
L2/04-213Rosenne, Jony (2004-06-07), Responses to Several Hebrew Related Items
N2821Everson, Michael; Shoulson, Mark (2004-06-21), Clarification on the name QAMATS QATAN
L2/04-346Kirk, Peter (2004-08-12), Proposal to change the provisional code point allocations for proposed characters HEBREW POINT HOLAM HASER FOR VAV and HEBREW POINT QAMATS QATAN
L2/04-156R2Moore, Lisa (2004-08-13), "QAMATS QATAN (A.17.5)", UTC #99 Minutes
L2/18-274McGowan, Rick (2018-09-14), "Identifier_Type of U+05C7 HEBREW POINT QAMATS QATAN", Comments on Public Review Issues (July 24 - Sept 14, 2018)
L2/18-272Moore, Lisa (2018-10-29), "157-C17 Consensus", UTC #157 Minutes, Change the Identifier_Type of U+05C7 HEBREW POINT QAMATS QATAN from "Obsolete" to "Uncommon_Use Technical" for Unicode version 12.0.
5.0U+05BA1L2/03-297Rosenne, Jony (2003-08-24), Hebrew Issues
L2/04-193Kirk, Peter (2004-06-05), On the Hebrew vowel HOLAM
L2/04-213Rosenne, Jony (2004-06-07), Responses to Several Hebrew Related Items
L2/04-306Kirk, Peter (2004-07-29), Background material for the proposal on the Hebrew vowel HOLAM
L2/04-307Kirk, Peter; Shmidman, Avi; Cowan, John; Hopp, Ted; Peterson, Trevor; Lowery, Kirk; Keown, Elaine; Robertson, Stuart (2004-07-29), New proposal on the Hebrew vowel HOLAM
L2/04-310N2840Everson, Michael; Shoulson, Mark (2004-07-29), Proposal to add HEBREW POINT HOLAM HASER FOR VAV to the BMP of the UCS
L2/04-313Kirk, Peter (2004-08-02), Response to "Proposal to add HEBREW POINT HOLAM HASER FOR VAV"
L2/04-326Rosenne, Jony (2004-08-02), UTC - Holam proposals
L2/04-327Hudson, John (2004-08-03), Distinction of Vav Haluma and Holam Male
L2/04-346Kirk, Peter (2004-08-12), Proposal to change the provisional code point allocations for proposed characters HEBREW POINT HOLAM HASER FOR VAV and HEBREW POINT QAMATS QATAN
L2/04-344Everson, Michael; Shoulson, Mark (2004-08-18), Disunification costs regarding HOLAM and VAV in Hebrew
11.0U+05EF1N1740 (html, doc)Shoulson, Mark; Everson, Michael (1998-05-09), Proposal to add the Hebrew Tetragrammaton to ISO/IEC 10646
N1807 (pdf, doc, txt)Rosenne, Jonathan (1998-07-07), Israeli Response to the Tetragrammaton Proposal N1740
L2/15-092Shoulson, Mark (2015-03-10), Typographic Concerns and the Hebrew Nomina Sacra
L2/15-149Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; McGowan, Rick; Pournader, Roozbeh; Pandey, Anshuman; Glass, Andrew (2015-05-03), "24 Hebrew Nomina Sacra", Recommendations to UTC #143 May 2015 on Script Proposals
L2/15-204Anderson, Deborah; et al. (2015-07-25), "14. Hebrew Nomina Sacra", Recommendations to UTC #144 July 2015 on Script Proposals
L2/16-305N4807Shoulson, Mark (2016-10-28), Proposal to add HEBREW YOD TRIANGLE
L2/17-037Anderson, Deborah; Whistler, Ken; Pournader, Roozbeh; Glass, Andrew; Iancu, Laurențiu; Moore, Lisa; Liang, Hai; Ishida, Richard; Misra, Karan; McGowan, Rick (2017-01-21), "16. Hebrew", Recommendations to UTC #150 January 2017 on Script Proposals
L2/17-016Moore, Lisa (2017-02-08), "C.12", UTC #150 Minutes
  1. Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names

See also

References

  1. "Unicode 1.0.1 Addendum" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. 1992-11-03. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
  2. "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
  3. "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2016-07-09.
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