Helen McNicoll

McNicoll was born in Toronto to an affluent family. Her parents were David McNicoll and Emily Pashley who were British immigrants. McNicoll had six siblings—three sisters and three brothers—with letters and sketches proving that the McNicoll family was very close. McNicoll’s parents were members of Montreal’s Anglophone Protestant Elite. Her father David worked in the Railway industry in Scotland and England, allowing Helen to come into close contact with prominent families during the boom of Industrialism. McNicoll, with the financial support of her family through connections with renowned art collectors, would be able to freely paint without worry. McNicoll's first exposure to art presumably came from observing her parents--her father did sketches during his railway travels while her mother painted china and wrote poetry.[2]

Despite the advantages, McNicoll developed severe hearing loss at the age of two due to scarlet fever. McNicoll navigated the social side of the art world through lip reading and assistance from friends and family. In 1899, she participated in activities at the Mackay Institution for Protestant Deaf Mutes; however, she was not listed in official school records and was not listed as deaf in the 1901 census due to misunderstandings of deaf culture in North America at this time. [2]

From 1902 to 1904 McNicoll moved to London to study at the Slade School of Fine Art under Philip Wilson Steer; it is also here that McNicoll meets her lifelong partner Dorothea Sharp. Students were encouraged to paint with a naturalistic approach using en plein air. McNicoll then moved to England to study at St. Ives in Cornwall. In 1905, she attended Julius Olsson's School of Landscape and Marine Painting under Algernon Talmage.[3]

McNicoll then began her formal art education at the Art Association of Montreal in 1906,[3] a school with a progressive approach to teaching art by allowing female students to study the nude figure. She began to study under William Brymner, one of the first Canadian artists to study in Paris between 1878 and 1880. As a director of the AAM school, Brymner also encouraged French art trends such as plein air, naturalism, and impressionism in academics. McNicoll was impacted by Brymner as he also encouraged women artists to pursue professional careers. [2]

McNicoll made her debut exhibiting six paintings at annual exhibition at the AAM; she also exhibited with the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts and the Ontario Society of Artists from 1906 to 1914.[4]

McNicoll maintained a studio in London while she traveled around Europe from 1908 up until her death.

McNicoll and Sharp were working in France when the first World War broke out. McNicoll had written to her father saying that they "would rather be here than anywhere", however due to McNicoll's ties to the Canadian Pacific Railway through her father, she was sent home.[2]