Helicopsis

Helicopsis
	Drawing of apical, apertural and umbilical view of a shell of Helicopsis striata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Heterobranchia
Superorder:	Eupulmonata
Order:	Stylommatophora
Infraorder:	Helicoidei
Superfamily:	Helicoidea
Family:	Geomitridae
Genus:	Helicopsis; Fitzinger, 1833[1]
Type species
	Helix striata O. F. Müller, 1774;
Diversity
	about 9 species[2]
Synonyms
	Costatella M. Kimakowicz, 1890; Helicopsis (Helicopsis) Fitzinger, 1833· accepted, alternate representation; Martha A. J. Wagner, 1914 (junior synonym); Striatella Westerlund, 1876; Striatinella Clessin, 1876;

Helicopsis is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Geomitridae.[2][3]

Distribution

Distribution of the genus Helicopsis range Central and Eastern Europe to Iran.[2]

Species

The species composition of Helicopsis was largely reviewed after revisions with methods of molecular taxonomy, many of the previously recognized species were shown to be conspecific and many other to be not related with true Helicopsis.[4][2] After these revisions only 9 or 10 species can be placed into Helicopsis:[4][2]

Helicopsis striata (O. F. Müller, 1774) - type species,[5] distributed only in Central Europe[2]
Helicopsis aelleni Hausdorf, 1996 - Northern Iran[2]
Helicopsis austriaca Gittenberger, 1969 - Austria[4]
Helicopsis cereoflava (Bielz, 1851) - Romania, probably a synonym of Helicopsis lunulata[2]
Helicopsis filimargo (Krynicki, 1833) - Southern and Eastern Ukraine, adjacent regions of Russia, extremely variable, previously treated as several species[2]
Helicopsis gittenbergeri Hausdorf, 1990 - Greece[2]
Helicopsis hungarica (Soós & H. Wagner, 1935) - Central Europe and isolated locality in Russia[4][2]
Helicopsis likharevi Schileyko, 1978 - Kopet Dag in Turkmenistan
Helicopsis lunulata (Krynicki, 1833) - Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, adjacent regions of Russia and probably Poland[2]
Helicopsis persica Hausdorf & Bössneck, 2016 - Northern Iran[2]

Synonyms that were recognized as species before 21st century:

Helicopsis dejecta (Rossmässler, 1838) - synonym of Helicopsis filimargo[2]
Helicopsis instabilis (Rossmässler, 1838) - synonym of Helicopsis lunulata[2]
Helicopsis paulhessei (Lindholm, 1936) - synonym of Helicopsis filimargo[2]
Helicopsis retowskii (Clessin, 1883) - synonym of Helicopsis filimargo[2]

Species and synonyms that were placed into Helicopsis, but are not:[2]

Helicopsis conopsis Morelet, 1876[6]
Helicopsis gigaxii Haas, 1924 is a synonym of Xerocrassa ripacurcica (Bofill, 1886)[7]
Helicopsis depulsa (Pintér, 1969)[5]
Helicopsis cypriola (Westerlund, 1889)[5]
Helicopsis subcalcarata (Naegele, 1903)[5]
Helicopsis turcica (Holten, 1802)[5]

References

(in German) Fitzinger L. I. (1833). "Systematisches Verzeichniß der im Erzherzogthume Oesterreich vorkommenden Weichthiere, als Prodrom einer Fauna derselben". Beiträge zur Landeskunde Oesterreich's unter der Enns 3: 88-122. Wien. page 101.
Balashov, Igor; Neiber, Marco; Hausdorf, Bernhard (December 2020). "Phylogeny, species delimitation and population structure of the steppe-inhabiting land snail genus Helicopsis in Eastern Europe". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: 1–18. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa156.
Razkin, Oihana; Gómez-Moliner, Benjamín Juán; Prieto, Carlos Enrique; Martínez-Ortí, Alberto; Arrébola, José Ramón; Muñoz, Benito; Chueca, Luis Javier; Madeira, María José (February 2015). "Molecular phylogeny of the western Palaearctic Helicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 83: 99–117. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.11.014. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 25485783.
Duda, Michael; Haring, Elisabeth; Bieringer, Georg; Eschner, Anita; Mrkvicka, Alexander; Mason, Katharina (November 2018). "Taxonomic reassessment of Helicopsis austriaca Gittenberger, 1969 and its relationships to H. striata (O.F. Müller, 1774) and H. hungarica (Soos & H. Wagner, 1935) (Eupulmonata: Helicoidea)". Journal of Molluscan Studies: 432–450. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyy044.
"Species in genus Helicopsis" (n=13). AnimalBase, accessed 11 June 2012.
Seddon M. B. (1996). Helicopsis conopsis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Archived 2014-06-27 at the Wayback Machine Downloaded on 7 August 2007.
Martínez-Ortí A. (2011). "Xerocrassa ripacurcica". In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 11 June 2012.

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[1] (in German) Fitzinger L. I. (1833). "Systematisches Verzeichniß der im Erzherzogthume Oesterreich vorkommenden Weichthiere, als Prodrom einer Fauna derselben". Beiträge zur Landeskunde Oesterreich's unter der Enns 3: 88-122. Wien. page 101.

[Balashov-2] Balashov, Igor; Neiber, Marco; Hausdorf, Bernhard (December 2020). "Phylogeny, species delimitation and population structure of the steppe-inhabiting land snail genus Helicopsis in Eastern Europe". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: 1–18. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa156.

[3] Razkin, Oihana; Gómez-Moliner, Benjamín Juán; Prieto, Carlos Enrique; Martínez-Ortí, Alberto; Arrébola, José Ramón; Muñoz, Benito; Chueca, Luis Javier; Madeira, María José (February 2015). "Molecular phylogeny of the western Palaearctic Helicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 83: 99–117. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.11.014. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 25485783.

[Dudaetal-4] Duda, Michael; Haring, Elisabeth; Bieringer, Georg; Eschner, Anita; Mrkvicka, Alexander; Mason, Katharina (November 2018). "Taxonomic reassessment of Helicopsis austriaca Gittenberger, 1969 and its relationships to H. striata (O.F. Müller, 1774) and H. hungarica (Soos & H. Wagner, 1935) (Eupulmonata: Helicoidea)". Journal of Molluscan Studies: 432–450. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyy044.

[AB_list-5] "Species in genus Helicopsis" (n=13). AnimalBase, accessed 11 June 2012.

[6] Seddon M. B. (1996). Helicopsis conopsis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Archived 2014-06-27 at the Wayback Machine Downloaded on 7 August 2007.

[7] Martínez-Ortí A. (2011). "Xerocrassa ripacurcica". In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 11 June 2012.