Hesham Qandil

Hesham Mohamed Qandil (also spelled: Hisham Kandil; Arabic: هشام محمد قنديل‎  pronounced [heˈʃæːm mæˈħæmmæd ʔænˈdiːl]) (born 17 September 1962) is an Egyptian engineer and civil servant who was Prime Minister of Egypt from 2012 to 2013.[1] Qandil was appointed as Prime Minister by President Mohamed Morsi on 24 July 2012 and sworn in on 2 August 2012. Qandil previously served as Minister of Water Resources and Irrigation from 2011 to 2012.[2]

Hesham Qandil
هشام قنديل
Qandil at the World Economic Forum 2013
Prime Minister of Egypt
In office
2 August 2012 – 8 July 2013
PresidentMohamed Morsi
DeputyMohamed Kamel Amr
Preceded byKamal Ganzouri
Succeeded byHazem El Beblawi (Acting)
Minister of Water Resources and Irrigation
In office
21 July 2011 – 2 August 2012
Prime MinisterEssam Sharaf
Kamal Ganzouri
Preceded byHussien Ehsan Al-Atfy
Succeeded byMohamed Bahaa Eldin
Personal details
Born
Hesham Mohamed Qandil

(1962-09-17) 17 September 1962
Beni Suef, Egypt
Political partyIndependent
Alma materCairo University
Utah State University
North Carolina State University

Reuters reported that Qandil was a politically independent senior public servant in the Morsi administration, but was not popularly considered to be a likely candidate for the position of prime minister.[2] Qandil was Egypt's youngest prime minister since Gamal Abdel Nasser's appointment in 1954.[3] When Morsi was overthrown in a coup d'état by the military, Qandil after initially continuing in his role as prime minister until the formation of a new government, resigned from office on 8 July 2013 in protest over the killing of 61 protestors by the military at the Republican Guard headquarters.[4] He was arrested on 24 December 2013[5] and released seven months later on 15 July 2014[6] after he was acquitted by the Court of Cassation, which accepted his appeal and annulled the one-year sentence against him.[7][8]

Early life and education

Qandil was born in 1962.[9] He holds a bachelor's degree in engineering, which he obtained from Cairo University in 1984.[3] Then he received a master's degree in irrigation and drainage engineering from Utah State University in 1988 and a PhD in biological and agricultural engineering with a minor in water resources from North Carolina State University in 1993.[3][10]

Career

After graduation, Qandil joined the Egyptian civil service in the water resources department in 1985. He was granted a presidential award in 1995 for services to irrigation, and was promoted to office director for the minister of water resources from 1999 to 2005.[11][3] He participated in the work of the Nile Basin Initiative, was an observer member of the Joint Egyptian-Sudanese Water Authority, and helped launch the African Water Council. He was also Chief of Water Resources at the African Development Bank, a position he held for approximately six years, from 2004 to early 2011. He returned to Egypt following the revolution to help rebuild the country. In 2011, he was appointed Minister of Water Resources and Irrigation as part of Prime Minister Essam Sharaf's second cabinet.[3]

Prime Minister of Egypt

On 24 July 2012, Qandil was appointed as Prime Minister by President Mohamed Morsi.[12] His appointment was seen as unexpected by the Arab media, including The Majalla.[13] On 2 August 2012, the newly formed Egyptian cabinet was sworn in consisting of a technocrat-dominated government, with a few political parties (the Freedom and Justice Party, the Al-Wasat Party, and the Renaissance Party).[14]

First Qandil Cabinet

Qandil's first cabinet consisted of 35 ministers, including technocrats, the Freedom and Justice Party members, the Al-Wasat Party members, and the Renaissance Party members.

Second Qandil Cabinet

On 6 January 2013, ten ministers in the first cabinet of Qandil were changed.[15] The reshuffle included ministry of finance, ministry of local development, ministry of transportation, ministry of legal affairs and parliamentary councils, ministry of electricity, ministry of interior, ministry of supply and social affairs, ministry of environment, ministry of communications and ministry of civil aviation.[15] Following the reshuffle, the number of the ministers who were the members of the Freedom and Justice Party increased to eight in the cabinet.[16][17]

Cabinet Resignations

On 1 July 2013, five cabinet members resigned together; they were Hisham Zazou, the tourism minister, Atef Helmi, the communications and IT minister, Hatem Bagato, the state minister for legal and parliamentary affairs, Abdel Qawi Khalifa, the irrigation minister, and Khaled Abdel Aal, the environment minister.[18] Mohamed Kamel Amr, the foreign minister, resigned as well.[19] The sports minister, El Amry Farouk, resigned on 2 July 2013.[20]

Resignation
See also: 2013 Egyptian coup d'état

On 3 July 2013, an Egyptian appeals court upheld a verdict dismissing Qandil of his duties and sentenced him to one year in prison for not executing a court ruling to re-nationalize the Tanta Flax and Oil Company.[21] Subsequently, on the same day, Morsi was removed from office in a coup d'état by the military. On 8 July 2013, Prime Minister Qandil resigned over the killing of 61 protestors by the military at the Republican Guard headquarters. He had initially decided to remain in his position as a caretaker PM until the formation of a new government.[4][22] In late September 2013, the Cairo Misdemeanor Court upheld the sentence against Qandil and he was arrested on 24 December 2013.[23][5] On 13 July 2014, the Court of Cassation accepted Qandil's appeal and abolished the verdict to imprison him for a year, to remove him from his job and to fine him 2,000 Egyptian pounds ($285).[7][8] He was subsequently released on 15 July 2014.[6]

Personal life

Qandil is married and has five daughters.[13]

References
  1. "Qandil steps down". Daily News Egypt. 8 July 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  2. Perry, Tom (24 July 2012). "Egypt's Mursi names little-known water minister as PM". Reuters. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  3. "Profile: Egypt Prime Minister Hisham Qandil". BBC. 3 August 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 May 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. "Egypt police arrest Morsi-era PM Hisham Qandil". Ahram Online. 24 December 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  6. "Morsi's PM Hisham Qandil released". Ahram Online. 15 July 2014.
  7. "Qandil: Egypt faces difficult challenges and needs justice". Middle East Monitor. 16 July 2014. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  8. "Egypt court annuls imprisonment of ex-PM Hisham Qandil". Ahram Online. 13 July 2014.
  9. "Profile: Egypt's new PM Hisham Kandil". Al Ahram. 24 July 2012. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  10. "NC State Alumnus Named Egyptian Prime Minister". North Carolina State University. 25 July 2012. Archived from the original on 22 April 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  11. "Egypt's New Prime Minister: An Unusual Suspect". Al Akhbar English.
  12. "Hesham Qandil". Carnegie Endowment. Archived from the original on 25 December 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  13. Khojji, Zaynab (10 August 2012). "A Humble Prime Minister". The Majalla. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
  14. Luiz Sanchez; Ahmed Aboul Enein (2 August 2012). "Qandil cabinet presents final list of nominees to be sworn in". Daily News Egypt. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
  15. "Details emerge on new ministers in Cabinet reshuffle". Egypt Independent. Al Masry Al Youm. 6 January 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  16. Shalaby, Ethar (6 January 2013). "Ten new ministers take oath in Cabinet reshuffle". Daily News. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  17. Fouly, Mahmoud (6 January 2013). "Egypt's 10-minister cabinet reshuffle meets with opposition dissatisfaction". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on 27 November 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  18. Egypt ministers resign amid unrest Al Jazeera July 2013
  19. Mohamed Kamel Amr, Egypt Foreign Minister, Reportedly Resign The Huffington Post 1 July 2013
  20. "Egyptian sports minister resigns". Anadolu Agency. 2 July 2013. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
  21. "Court upholds verdict sacking Morsi's PM Qandil, sentencing him to prison". Ahram Online. 3 July 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  22. "Out with the old". Mada Masr. 8 July 2013. Archived from the original on 25 July 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  23. "Cairo court upholds ruling against ex-PM Hesham Qandil". Ahram Online. 30 September 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2013.

Media related to Hesham Qandil at Wikimedia Commons

Political offices
Preceded by
Hussien Ehsan Al-Atfy		 Minister of Water Resources and Irrigation
2011–2012		 Succeeded by
Mohamed Bahaa Eldin
Preceded by
Kamal Ganzouri		 Prime Minister of Egypt
2012–2013		 Succeeded by
Hazem El Beblawi
Acting
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