Holothuria
Holothuria is the type genus of the marine animal family Holothuriidae,[1] part of the class Holothuroidea, commonly known as sea cucumbers. Members of the genus are found in coastal waters in tropical and temperate regions. They are soft bodied, limbless invertebrates that dwell on the ocean floor and are usually detritivore. They resemble a cucumber in form. The genus contains some species that are harvested and sold as food.
| Holothuria | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Holothuria pervicax | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Echinodermata |
| Class: | Holothuroidea |
| Order: | Holothuriida |
| Family: | Holothuriidae |
| Genus: | Holothuria Linnaeus, 1767 |
| Type species | |
| Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin, 1791 | |
| Species | |
|
Over 100, see text. | |
Species
List of species according to the World Register of Marine Species as of December 2011:[1]
- Subgenus Acanthotrapeza Rowe, 1969
- Holothuria coluber Semper, 1868
- Holothuria kubaryi Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria pyxis Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria tripilata Massin, 1987
- Subgenus Cystipus Haacke, 1880
- Holothuria casoae Laguarda-Figueras & Solís-Marín, 2009
- Holothuria cubana Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria dura Cherbonnier & Féral, 1981
- Holothuria inhabilis Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria jousseaumei Cherbonnier, 1954
- Holothuria mammosa Cherbonnier, 1988
- Holothuria occidentalis Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria pseudofossor Deichmann, 1930
- Holothuria rigida Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria sucosa Erwe, 1919
- Holothuria sulcata Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria turrisimperfecta Cherbonnier, 1965
- Subgenus Halodeima Pearson, 1914
- Holothuria atra Jaeger, 1833
- Holothuria chilensis Semper, 1868
- Holothuria dicorona (Heding, 1934)
- Holothuria edulis Lesson, 1830
- Holothuria enalia Lampert, 1885
- Holothuria floridana Pourtalés, 1851
- Holothuria grisea Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria inornata Semper, 1868
- Holothuria kefersteinii (Selenka, 1867)
- Holothuria manningi Pawson, 1978
- Holothuria mexicana Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria nigralutea O'Loughlin, 2007
- Holothuria pseudoimitans (Cherbonnier, 1951)
- Holothuria pulla Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria stocki Cherbonnier, 1964
- Subgenus Holothuria Linnaeus, 1767
- Holothuria caparti Cherbonnier, 1965
- Holothuria dakarensis Panning, 1939
- Holothuria fungosa Helfer, 1912
- Holothuria helleri Marenzeller von, 1877
- Holothuria mammata Grube, 1840
- Holothuria massaspicula Cherbonnier, 1954
- Holothuria stellati Delle Chiaje, 1824
- Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin, 1791
- Subgenus Lessonothuria Deichmann, 1958
- Holothuria cavans Massin & Tomascik, 1996
- Holothuria cumulus Clark, 1921
- Holothuria duoturricula Cherbonnier, 1988
- Holothuria glandifera Cherbonnier, 1955
- Holothuria immobilis Semper, 1868
- Holothuria insignis Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria lineata Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria maculosa Pearson, 1913
- Holothuria multipilula Liao, 1975
- Holothuria pardalis Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria tuberculata Thandar, 2007
- Holothuria verrucosa Selenka, 1867
- Subgenus Mertensiothuria Deichmann, 1958
- Holothuria albofusca Cherbonnier, 1988
- Holothuria aphanes Lampert, 1885
- Holothuria arenacava Samyn, Massin & Muthiga, 2001
- Holothuria artensis Cherbonnier & Féral, 1984
- Holothuria fuscorubra Théel, 1886
- Holothuria hilla Lesson, 1830
- Holothuria isuga Mitsukuri, 1912
- Holothuria leucospilota (Brandt, 1835)
- Holothuria papillifera Heding in Mortensen, 1938
- Holothuria platei Ludwig, 1898
- Subgenus Metriatyla Rowe, 1969
- Holothuria aculeata Semper, 1868
- Holothuria albiventer Semper, 1868
- Holothuria brauni Helfer, 1912
- Holothuria conica Clark, 1938
- Holothuria fuligina Cherbonnier, 1988
- Holothuria horrida Massin, 1987
- Holothuria lessoni Massin, Uthicke, Purcell, Rowe, Samyn, 2009
- Holothuria martensii Semper, 1868
- Holothuria scabra Jaeger, 1833
- Holothuria submersa Sluiter, 1901
- Holothuria tortonesei Cherbonnier, 1979
- Subgenus Microthele Brandt, 1835
- Holothuria fuscogilva Cherbonnier, 1980
- Holothuria fuscopunctata Jaeger, 1833
- Holothuria nobilis (Selenka, 1867)
- Holothuria whitmaei Bell, 1887
- Subgenus Panningothuria Rowe, 1969
- Holothuria austrinabassa O'Loughlin, 2007
- Holothuria forskali Delle Chiaje, 1823
- Subgenus Platyperona Rowe, 1969
- Holothuria crosnieri Cherbonnier, 1988
- Holothuria difficilis Semper, 1868
- Holothuria excellens (Ludwig, 1875)
- Holothuria insolita Cherbonnier, 1988
- Holothuria parvula (Selenka, 1867)
- Holothuria rowei Pawson & Gust, 1981
- Holothuria sanctori Delle Chiaje, 1823
- Subgenus Roweothuria Thandar, 1988
- Holothuria arguinensis Koehler & Vaney, 1906
- Holothuria poli Delle Chiaje, 1824
- Holothuria vemae Thandar, 1988
- Subgenus Selenkothuria Deichmann, 1958
- Holothuria bacilla Cherbonnier, 1988
- Holothuria erinaceus Semper, 1868
- Holothuria glaberrima Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria lubrica Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria mactanensis Tan Tiu, 1981
- Holothuria moebii Ludwig, 1883
- Holothuria parva Krauss in Lampert, 1885
- Holothuria parvispinea Massin, 2013
- Holothuria portovallartensis Caso, 1954
- Holothuria sinica Liao, 1980
- Holothuria theeli Deichmann, 1938
- Holothuria vittalonga Cherbonnier, 1988
- Subgenus Semperothuria Deichmann, 1958
- Holothuria cinerascens (Brandt, 1835)
- Holothuria flavomaculata Semper, 1868
- Holothuria granosa Cherbonnier, 1988
- Holothuria imitans Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria languens Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria pseudoimitans Cherbonnier, 1951
- Holothuria surinamensis Ludwig, 1875
- Subgenus Stauropora Rowe, 1969
- Holothuria annulifera Fisher, 1907
- Holothuria discrepans Semper, 1868
- Holothuria dofleinii Augustin, 1908
- Holothuria exilis Koehler & Vaney, 1908
- Holothuria fuscocinerea Jaeger, 1833
- Holothuria hawaiiensis Fisher, 1907
- Holothuria mitis Sluiter, 1901
- Holothuria modesta Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria olivacea Ludwig, 1888
- Holothuria pervicax Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria pluricuriosa Deichmann, 1937
- Subgenus Stichothuria Cherbonnier, 1980
- Holothuria coronopertusa Cherbonnier, 1980
- Subgenus Theelothuria Deichmann, 1958
- Holothuria asperita Cherbonnier & Féral, 1981
- Holothuria cadelli Bell, 1887
- Holothuria duoturriforma Thandar, 2007
- Holothuria foresti Cherbonnier & Féral, 1981
- Holothuria hamata Pearson, 1913
- Holothuria klunzingeri Lampert, 1885
- Holothuria longicosta Thandar, 2007
- Holothuria michaelseni Erwe, 1913
- Holothuria notabilis Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria ocellata Jaeger, 1833
- Holothuria paraprinceps Deichmann, 1937
- Holothuria princeps Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria pseudonotabilis Thandar, 2007
- Holothuria samoana Ludwig, 1875
- Holothuria spinifera Théel, 1886
- Holothuria squamifera Semper, 1868
- Holothuria turriscelsa Cherbonnier, 1980
- Holothuria viridia Cherbonnier, 1986
- Subgenus Thymiosycia Pearson, 1914
- Holothuria altaturricula Cherbonnier & Féral, 1984
- Holothuria arenicola Semper, 1868
- Holothuria conusalba Cherbonnier & Féral, 1984
- Holothuria gracilis Semper, 1868
- Holothuria hartmeyeri Erwe, 1913
- Holothuria impatiens (Forskål, 1775)
- Holothuria macroperona Clark, 1938
- Holothuria marginata Sluiter, 1901
- Holothuria milloti Cherbonnier, 1988
- Holothuria minax Théel, 1886
- Holothuria rathbunii Lampert, 1885
- Holothuria remollescens Lampert, 1885
- Holothuria strigosa Selenka, 1867
- Holothuria thomasi Pawson & Caycedo, 1980
- Holothuria truncata Lampert, 1885
- Holothuria zihuatanensis Caso, 1964
- Subgenus Vaneyothuria Pearson, 1914
- Holothuria integra Koehler & Vaney, 1908
- Holothuria lentiginosa Marenzeller von, 1892
- Holothuria sinefibula Cherbonnier, 1964
- Holothuria suspecta Cherbonnier, 1958
- Holothuria unica Rowe, 1989
- Holothuria zacae Deichmann, 1937
- Subgenus incertae sedis (uncertain placement)
- Holothuria aegyptiana Helfer
- Holothuria aemula Sluiter, 1914
- Holothuria albifasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1834
- Holothuria caparti Cherbonnier, 1964
- Holothuria flavocastanea (Théel, 1886)
- Holothuria huberti Russo, 1899
- Holothuria lengtiginosa
- Holothuria papillata Bell, 1887
- Holothuria pyxoides Ludwig, 1888
- Holothuria riojai Caso, 1964
References
- Hansson, H. (2010). "Holothuria Linnaeus, 1767". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2011-12-16.
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