House cricket

Acheta domesticus, commonly called the house cricket, is a cricket most likely native to Southwestern Asia, but between 1950 and 2000 it became the standard feeder insect for the pet and research industries and spread worldwide.[2][3] They can be kept as pets themselves, as this has been the case in China and Japan.[4]

House cricket
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Ensifera
Family: Gryllidae
Genus: Acheta
Species:
A. domesticus
Binomial name
Acheta domesticus
Synonyms
  • Gryllus domesticus

Description

The house cricket is typically gray or brownish in color, growing to 16–21 millimetres (0.63–0.83 in) in length. Males and females look similar, but females will have an ovipositor emerging from the rear, around 12 millimetres (0.47 in) long. The ovipositor is brown-black, and is surrounded by two appendages. On males, the cerci are also more prominent.[5]

Life cycle

House crickets take two to three months to complete their life cycle at 26 to 32 °C (79 to 90 °F). They have no special overwintering stage, but can survive cold weather in and around buildings, and in dumps where heat from fermentation may sustain them. Eggs are deposited in whatever damp substrate is available. Juveniles resemble the adults except for being smaller and wingless.[2]

Diseases

The house cricket was essentially eliminated from the cricket-breeding industries of North America and Europe by the appearance of cricket paralysis virus which spread rapidly in Europe in 2002 and then in the United States in 2010. The virus is extremely lethal to this species of cricket and a few others, and left many hobbyists and researchers without adequate feeder insects. It has been replaced by the Jamaican field cricket, which is resistant to cricket paralysis virus and has many of the desirable features of the house cricket.[6]

Human consumption
Deep-fried house crickets sold as food at a market in Thailand

The house cricket is an edible insect. It is farmed in South-East Asia and parts of Europe and North America for human consumption. In Asia it is said to become more popular than many native cricket species due to what consumers claimed was their superior taste and texture.[7] Dry-roasting is common and is considered the most nutritious method of preparing them, though they are often sold deep-fried as well.[8][9] Farmed house crickets are mostly freeze-dried and often processed into a powder known as cricket flour.[10] In Europe, the house cricket is officially approved for use in food products in Switzerland (since 2017).[11]

Nutrition

Like all insects, crickets are a complete protein. They contain both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids.[12]

Nutrition Information[13][14][15][16]

Serving size: 1 1/2 cup (30g)

Quantity per Serving
Calories150
Total Fat6g
  Saturated fat2.3g
  Trans fat0.05g
Cholesterol50mg
Sodium100mg
Total Carbohydrate6g
  Dietary Fiber6g
Protein18g
Vitamin D0.22
Vitamin B120.86µg
Calcium38.5mg
Iron1.6mg
Potassium273mg

References
  1. "Acheta domesticus" at the Encyclopedia of Life
  2. Walker TJ. (2007). "House cricket, Achetus domesticus". Featured Creatures. University of Florida/IFAS.
  3. Galloway, Vickie (January 1998). "Raising Crickets". Scarabogram. Scarabs: The Bug Society (213): 2–3. Archived from the original on 2004-06-23. Retrieved 2010-07-08.
  4. Kulzer, Louise (March 1998). "House Crickets". Scarabogram. Scarabs: The Bug Society (215): 2–4. Archived from the original on 2012-05-11. Retrieved 2010-07-08.
  5. "Breeding Crickets". Herp Center. Retrieved 2010-07-08.
  6. Rosemary Parker (19 January 2012). "Following Cricket Paralysis Virus catastrophe, Top Hat Cricket Farm in Portage rebuilds it business". Michigan Live.
  7. Here's Why You Should Start Eating (More) Bugs https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/02/10/eating-bugs-food_n_4726371.html?slideshow=true#gallery/310345/0 Archived 10 February 2018 at the Wayback Machine
  8. http://www.fao.org/docrep/017/i3246e/i3246e.pdf
  9. https://www.cnet.com/news/edible-insects-crickets-mealworms-farm-protein/
  10. http://fortune.com/2014/07/18/bugs-in-your-protein-bar-are-edible-insects-the-next-food-craze/
  11. Bundesamt für Lebensmittelsicherheit und Veterinärwesen (2017-04-28): "Insects as food" (German only)
  12. https://www.huffingtonpost.com/marlon-doll/five-reasons-to-eat-crick_b_13939920.html
  13. http://www.aketta.com/about-aketta.aspx
  14. https://criknutrition.com/pages/why-cricket-protein-powder
  15. http://insectsarefood.com/faq.html
  16. Schmidt, Anatol; Call, Lisa; Macheiner, Lukas; Mayer, Helmut K. (2018). "Determination of vitamin B12 in four edible insect species by immunoaffinity and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography". Food Chemistry. 281: 124–129. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.039. PMID 30658738.

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