Instruments used in radiology

Instruments used specially in radiology are as follows:[1][2][3]

InstrumentUses
Ultrasonography machineuses ultrasound to produce images from within the body; video link
X-rayuses X-rays to produce images of structures within the body; video link
Contrast media for X-raysto provide a high contrast image of the details of the viscera under study; e.g. salts of heavy metals, gas like air, radio-opaque dyes, organic iodides, etc.
Echocardiography machinesonography of the heart is done here to know its function and state
Computer axial tomography scan (CT Scan)/(CAT Scan)to visualize the interior of the body in slices (traditionally showing horizontal slices); video link
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alias Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)high strength (0.15 to 1.5 teslas)[4] are used to excite protons that produce the record results (like CT scan). It can show particular tissues more clearly than CT.;[4] video link
Linear acceleratorused in radiotherapy for cancer
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)video link
Positron emission tomography (PET Scan)video link
Radio-isotope scan or nuclear scintigraphyThese radioactive compounds are administered so that specific tissues take them up. The amount and anatomical detail of the uptake produces the scan result.
SPECT scanvideo link
Interventional radiologyminimally invasive surgeries under radiological imaging, e.g. angioplasty, TIPS.
Brachytherapy apparatusvideo link
Lead shieldingvisual and physical protection from x-ray

References

  1. Arun Baran Singha Mahapatra. Essentials of medical physiology. ISBN 81-86793-56-9.
  2. P. Chakraborty; G. Chakraborty. Practical Pathology. ISBN 81-7381-332-9.
  3. Robbins and Cotran Review of Pathology. ISBN 0-7216-0194-4.
  4. David Sutton. Radiology and imaging for med. students (7th ed.). ISBN 81-7867-100-X.
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