International Six Days Enduro
The International Six Days Enduro (ISDE), formerly known as the International Six Days Trial (ISDT), is the oldest 'off-road' motorcycle event on the FIM Calendar.
The ISDT was first held in 1913 at Carlisle, England. It has occurred annually, apart from interruptions due to World War I and World War II, at various locations throughout the world. The early events were a true test of machine, rider skill and reliability. Held on the 'roads' of that era, today most of the routes are truly 'off-road'. Originally titled the International Six Day Trial, in 1981 the FIM decided to update the name to International Six Days Enduro, the name Enduro having been devised by the Americans and popularised by many motorcycle manufacturers also greater reflected the change in the event from a trial to more akin to a rally featuring skills more associated with cross country motocross.
The sport has been associated with many great motorcyclists before its 100th anniversary in 2013; this also includes women such as 1920s-30s star Marjorie Cottle. Up until 1973 the contest was always held in Europe. In 1973 it went outside continent for the first time, to the United States. Since then it has been outside Europe more frequently: twice in Australia (1992 and 1998), once more in the United States (1994), Brazil (2003), New Zealand in 2006, Chile in 2007 and 2018, and Mexico in 2010. The 2014 event was held from the 3 to 8 of November in San Juan, Argentina.[1]
The event has attracted national teams from as many as 32 different countries in recent years. Over its long history the rules and conditions have changed to keep in step with the developments in the sport, but it remains a supreme test of rider and machine. Over the six days and upwards of 1250 miles a rider must contend with strict rules about time allowances and restrictions on mechanical replacements, carrying out his or her own motorcycle repairs. The ISDE can attract entries of more than 500 riders, together with thousands of support crew and spectators. This has a major impact on tourist income for the venue in which it is based each year. For 2013, the 100th anniversary of the holding of the first ISDT, the FIM announced that there were a record number of pre-entry requests of 820 covering 35 nations from across the Globe with 600 entries being allowed to compete.[2]
Usually referred to as the 'Olympics of Motorcycling' with trophies for best six-rider national, four-rider junior national, three-rider women's national, three-rider club national and three-rider manufacturing teams. Gold, silver and bronze medals are awarded on an individual level. The medals are typically awarded based on percentage of finishers, or relative to the best individual performance in the event within their specific class. Individual gold medals go to participants who finish within 10% of their class' top competitor's total elapsed time, silver medals are awarded for those who finish within 25%, and bronze medals are awarded to any rider who finishes all six days within their time allowance.
Most recently the ISDE has been embroiled in controversy. During the 2015 event held in Slovakia, the Australian team were leading the overall Men's World Trophy team classification on day 3. During this day, three of France's six competitors were disqualified from the event by the multinational ISDE committee for not completing the required course. Australia then rode the following days to manage their lead against second place Italy, until day 5 when the French team were reinstated into the event by the French-founded Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme without any penalty, despite having not completed the assigned course. This put the French team into the lead and with only one short day of riding to go the Australian team was unable to cut the French lead down enough during the final day. The FIM ultimately gave the victory to France in highly controversial circumstances. Australia protested by walking off the podium and lodged a protest against the result due to the uncertainty of winning the ISDE actually requires riding the course.
However, on 2 November of that year, the FIM International Disciplinary Court (CDI) rejected the appeals lodged by the Fédération Française de Motocyclisme (FFM), the Real Federación de Motociclimo (RFME) and the Auto-Cycle Union (ACU) therefore, the decision made by the ISDE committee to disqualify the eight riders for missing a routine check was upheld[3] meaning three of the French World Trophy team were disqualified resulting in team being reclassified to 23rd with Australia officially awarded as winner of the 2015 World Trophy title.
Trivia
Hollywood actor Steve McQueen and his friends Bud Ekins, Dave Ekins, Cliff Coleman and John Steen represented United States at the 1964 ISDT held in East Germany.[4] This would be the first United States team ever, organized by John Penton.
Winners ISDT 1913–1980
| Edition | Year | Location | International Trophy | Silver Vase | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 1913 | Carlisle, United Kingdom |  United Kingdom
|
|
- First USA Entrant T.K. "Teddy" Hastings |
| ND. | 1914 | Grenoble, France | - | - | The Second edition was abandoned as a result of the outbreak of World War I.[5] |
| 2. | 1920 | Grenoble, France |  Switzerland
|
|
- |
| 3. | 1921 | Geneva, Switzerland | Switzerland
|
|
- |
| 4. | 1922 | Geneva, Switzerland | Switzerland
|
|
- |
| 5. | 1923 | Stockholm, Sweden |  Sweden
|
|
- |
| 6. | 1924 | Chaudfontaine, Belgium | United Kingdom
|
 Norway
|
|
| 7. | 1925 | Southampton, United Kingdom | United Kingdom
|
United Kingdom
|
|
| 8. | 1926 | Buxton, United Kingdom | United Kingdom
|
United Kingdom
|
|
| 9. | 1927 | Ambleside, United Kingdom | United Kingdom
|
United Kingdom
|
|
| 10. | 1928 | Harrogate, United Kingdom | United Kingdom
|
United Kingdom
|
- |
| 11. | 1929 | Munich, Germany - Geneva, Switzerland | United Kingdom
|
United Kingdom
|
- |
| 12. | 1930 | Grenoble, France |  Italy
|
 France
|
- |
| 13. | 1931 | Merano, Italy | Italy
|
 Netherlands
|
- |
| 14. | 1932 | Merano, Italy | United Kingdom
|
United Kingdom
|
- |
| 15. | 1933 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Nazi Germany
|
United Kingdom
|
- |
| 16. | 1934 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | Nazi Germany
|
United Kingdom
|
- |
| 17. | 1935 | Oberstdorf, Germany | Nazi Germany
|
Nazi Germany
|
- |
| 18. | 1936 | Freudenstadt, Germany | United Kingdom
|
United Kingdom
|
- |
| 19. | 1937 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | United Kingdom
|
Netherlands
|
- |
| 20. | 1938 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | United Kingdom
|
Nazi Germany
|
- |
| 21. | 1939 | Salzburg, Austria | Annulled | Annulled | - |
| 22. | 1947 | Zlín, Czechoslovakia |  Czechoslovakia
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 23. | 1948 | San Remo, Italy | United Kingdom
|
United Kingdom
|
- |
| 24. | 1949 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | United Kingdom
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 25. | 1950 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | United Kingdom
|
United Kingdom
|
- |
| 26. | 1951 | Varese, Italy | United Kingdom
|
Netherlands
|
- |
| 27. | 1952 | Bad Aussee, Austria | Czechoslovakia
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 28. | 1953 | Gottwaldov, Czechoslovakia | United Kingdom
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 29. | 1954 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | Czechoslovakia
|
Netherlands
|
|
| 30. | 1955 | Gottwaldov, Czechoslovakia |  West Germany
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 31. | 1956 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | Czechoslovakia
|
Netherlands
|
- |
| 32. | 1957 | Špindlerův Mlýn, Czechoslovakia | West Germany
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 33. | 1958 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | Czechoslovakia
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 34. | 1959 | Gottwaldov, Czechoslovakia | Czechoslovakia
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 35. | 1960 | Bad Aussee, Austria |  Austria
|
Italy
|
- |
| 36. | 1961 | Llandrindod Wells, Wales | West Germany
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 37 | 1962 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | Czechoslovakia
|
West Germany
|
- John Penton rode for team Canada and organized first US team in 1964 |
| 38. | 1963 | Špindlerův Mlýn, Czechoslovakia |  East Germany
|
Italy
|
- |
| 39. | 1964 | Erfurt, East Germany | East Germany
|
East Germany
|
- First USA Team w/ Steve McQueen, Bud Ekins, Dave Ekins, Walk Axthelm, Cliff Coleman, Paul Hunt, Stu Peters, Al Rogers, John Smith, John Steen, Bill Stewart, John Taylor |
| 40. | 1965 | Isle of Man | East Germany
|
East Germany
|
- |
| 41. | 1966 | Villingsberg, Sweden | East Germany
|
West Germany
|
- Malcolm Smith's 1st ISDT - Participated in 9 Events |
| 42. | 1967 | Zakopane, Poland | East Germany
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 43. | 1968 | San Pellegrino Terme, Italy | West Germany
|
Italy
|
- |
| 44. | 1969 | Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany | East Germany
|
West Germany
|
- |
| 45. | 1970 | El Escorial, Spain | Czechoslovakia
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 46. | 1971 | Isle of Man | Czechoslovakia
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- Dick Burlson's first ISDT - Participated in 12 Events |
| 47. | 1972 | Špindlerův Mlýn, Czechoslovakia | Czechoslovakia
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- US Trophy Team Awarded the Watling Trophy |
| 48. | 1973 | Dalton, USA | Czechoslovakia
|
 United States
|
- |
| 49. | 1974 | Camerino, Italy | Czechoslovakia
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 50. | 1975 | Isle of Man | West Germany
|
Italy
|
- |
| 51. | 1976 | Zeltweg, Austria | West Germany
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 52. | 1977 | Považská Bystrica, Czechoslovakia | Czechoslovakia
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 53. | 1978 | Värnamo, Sweden | Czechoslovakia
|
Italy
|
- Jeff Fredette's first ISDT - Participated in 34 Events
- Larry Roseler's first ISDE - Participated in 13 Events |
| 54. | 1979 | Neunkirchen, West Germany | Italy
|
Czechoslovakia
|
- |
| 55. | 1980 | Brioude, France | Italy
|
West Germany
|
Winners ISDE since 1981
| Edition | Year | Location | World Trophy | Junior Trophy | Women's Trophy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 56. | 1981 | Isola d'Elba, Italy | Italy
|
Italy
|
- |
| 57. | 1982 | Považská Bystrica, Czechoslovakia | Czechoslovakia
|
East Germany
|
- |
| 58. | 1983 | Wales, United Kingdom | Sweden
|
- Sweden Won |
|
| 59. | 1984 | Assen, Netherlands | Netherlands
|
- East Germany Won |
|
| 60. | 1985 | La Molina, Spain | Sweden
|
East Germany
|
|
| 61. | 1986 | San Pellegrino Terme, Italy | Italy
|
Italy
|
|
| 62. | 1987 | Jelenia Góra, Poland | East Germany
|
East Germany
|
|
| 63. | 1988 | Mende, France | France
|
Italy
|
|
| 64. | 1989 | Walldürn, Germany | Italy
|
 Finland
|
|
| 65. | 1990 | Västerås, Sweden | Sweden
|
Sweden
|
|
| 66. | 1991 | Považská Bystrica, Czechoslovakia | Sweden
|
United States
|
|
| 67. | 1992 | Cessnock, Australia | Italy
|
Sweden
|
|
| 68. | 1993 | Assen, Netherlands |  Poland
|
Netherlands
|
|
| 69. | 1994 | Tulsa, United States | Italy
|
Sweden
|
|
| 70. | 1995 | Jelenia Góra, Poland | Italy
|
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Australia
|
|
| 71. | 1996 | Hämeenlinna, Finland | Finland
|
Finland
|
|
| 72. | 1997 | Brescia, Italy | Italy
|
Italy
|
|
| 73. | 1998 | Traralgon, Australia | Finland
|
 Spain
|
|
| 74. | 1999 | Coimbra, Portugal | Finland
|
Spain
|
|
| 75. | 2000 | Granada, Spain | Italy
|
Spain
|
|
| 76. | 2001 | Brive la Gaillarde, France | France
|
Italy
|
|
| 77. | 2002 | Jablonec nad Nisou, Czech Republic | Finland
|
France
|
|
| 78. | 2003 | Fortaleza, Brazil | Finland
|
France
|
|
| 79. | 2004 | Kielce, Poland | Finland
|
Finland
|
|
| 80. | 2005 | Považská Bystrica, Slovakia | Italy
|
Italy
|
|
| 81. | 2006 | Taupo, New Zealand | Finland
|
United States
|
|
| 82. | 2007 | La Serena, Chile | Italy
|
Spain
|
United States
|
| 83. | 2008 | Serres, Greece | France
|
Italy
|
France
|
| 84. | 2009 | Figueira da Foz, Portugal | France
|
Spain
|
France
|
| 85. | 2010 | Morelia, Mexico | France
|
Spain
|
France
|
| 86. | 2011 | Kotka, Finland | Finland
|
France
|
France
|
| 87. | 2012 | Saxony, Germany | France
|
France
|
France
|
| 88. | 2013 | Sardinia, Italy | France
|
France
|
Australia
|
| 89. | 2014 | San Juan, Argentina | France
|
United States
|
Australia
|
| 90. | 2015 | Košice, Slovakia | Australia
|
Australia
|
Australia
|
| 91. | 2016 | Navarre, Spain | United States
Kailub Russell Taylor Robert Thad Duvall Layne Michael |
Sweden
Micke Persson Albin Elowson Jesper Börjesson |
Australia
|
| 92. | 2017 | Brive-la-Gaillarde, France | France
|
France
|
Australia
|
| 93. | 2018 | Vina Del Mar, Chile | Australia
|
Italy
|
Australia
|
| 94. | 2019 | Portimão, Portugal | United States
Stu Baylor Taylor Robert Kailub Russell Ryan Sipes |
Australia
|
United States
|
References
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2013.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- http://www.fim-live.com/en/media/news/2013/news-detail/article/1362133594-isde-2013-record-number-of-pre-entries/ Archived December 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
- "Motorcycling Australia: Australia crowned 2015 ISDE Champions". www.ma.org.au. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
- "The price of fame: Steve McQueen and the ISDT". speedtracktales.com. 23 January 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- (in English) ISDE: a brief history on the web site of the FIM
External links
- Speed Track Tales A website dedicated to the history of the International Six Days Trial (ISDT)
- FIM ISDE information
- FIM official Results 2013
- FIM official Results 2012
- FIM official Results 2011
- FIM official Results 2010
- FIM official Results 2009
- FIM official Results 2008
- Official Organisers Website ISDE 2014
- Official Organisers Website ISDE 2013