Iranian Islamic Republic Day

Iranian Islamic Republic Day (Persian: روز جمهوری اسلامی‎) is Farvardin 12, known as Ruz e Jomhuri ye Eslāmi.[1] The day is a national[2] and a public holiday in Iran.[3][4][5] On the Iranian Solar Hijri calendar, this day is registered as the anniversary of the 1979 establishment of the Islamic Republic.[6] Two months after victory of the Islamic Revolution in 1979, the new government held the Iranian Islamic Republic referendum on the 10th and 11th of Farvadin (30 and 31 March) proposing to change the Pahlavi dynasty into an Islamic Republic. On 12 Farvadin, the referendum results were announced, with 98.2 percent of the Iranians reportedly voting for an Islamic Republic.[2][7][8]

First page of Ettela'at news paper on 1 April 1979

Before the referendum, some political groups suggested various names consonant with the ideology of the revolution, such as a Republic or a Democratic Republic. But Ruhollah Khomeini, the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran, asked the people to vote for an Islamic Republic, not a word more and not one less word.[8][9]

12 Farvardin is a book about events of Islamic Republic Day. Other books have also been published about this holiday.[10]

12 Farvardin is also the day of the Martyrdom of Imam Ali al-Hadi.[11]

The day usually falls on 1 April, however, as it is determined by the vernal equinox, the date can change if the equinox does not fall on 21 March. In 2016, it was on 31 March,[12] and in 2017 and 2019 the date was back to 1 April.[13]

References
  1. National Geospatial-intelligence Agency (1 January 2005). Prostar Sailing Directions 2005 South Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean Planning Guides. ProStar Publications. p. 156. ISBN 978-1-57785-752-5.
  2. "Iran Islamic Republic Day". AnnivHol-2000. p. 55. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
  3. Vijeya Rajendra; Gisela T. Kaplan; Rudi Rajendra (1 May 2003). Iran. Marshall Cavendish. pp. 137. ISBN 978-0-7614-1665-4.
  4. Central Intelligence Agency (24 November 2015). The CIA World Factbook 2016. Skyhorse Publishing Company, Incorporated. p. 2382. ISBN 978-1-5107-0089-5.
  5. Lauren Spencer (2004). Iran: A Primary Source Cultural Guide. The Rosen Publishing Group. pp. 62. ISBN 978-0-8239-4000-4.
  6. "Iran's Annual Celebration of the Islamic Republic Day". www.aglobalworld.com. Holidays Around the World. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
  7. Ibrahim Moussawi (16 January 2012). Shi'ism and the Democratisation Process in Iran: With a focus on Wilayat al-Faqih. pp. Chapter Six. ISBN 9780863568312.
  8. "The first election held after the revolution / day when the government took the poor". Fars News Agency. 1 April 2014. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
  9. "Islamic Republic Day". Islamic Revolution Document Center. Archived from the original on 14 June 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
  10. "Bibliography 1 April 1979; Day of Islamic Republic of Iran". Iran's Book News Agency. 31 March 2009. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
  11. "Calendar of the Islamic Republic of Iran". Retrieved 22 August 2017.
  12. "Persian Calendar 1395". www.vercalendario.info.
  13. "Persian calendar 2019 – Calendar.sk". calendar.zoznam.sk.
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