Ishak Pasha

Ishak Pasha (Turkish: İshak Paşa; fl. 1444 – died 30 January 1487) was an Ottoman Albanian general, statesman, and later Grand Vizier.[1]

In this Ottoman Turkish style name, the given name is Ishak, the title is Pasha, and there is no family name.
Ishak

Pasha
15th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
In office
1469–1472
MonarchMehmet II
Preceded byRum Mehmed Pasha
Succeeded byMahmud Pasha Angelovic
In office
1481–1482
MonarchBeyazıt II
Preceded byKaramanlı Mehmet Pasha
Succeeded byKoca Davud Pasha
Personal details
Died30 January 1487
Thessaloniki, Ottoman Empire
NationalityOttoman
Spouse(s)Sultan Hatun
Military service
Allegiance Ottoman Empire

Origin

Jean-Claude Faveyrial reveals that Ishak Pasha was Albanian.[2] Turkish orientalist Halil Inalcik (1916–2016) believed that Ishak Pasha was created by the confusion between several Ottoman Ishak Pashas (particularly Ishak bin Abdullah and Ishak bin Ibrahim) and Ishak Bey, but according to him Ishak Pasha was Albanian or of Slavic origins.[3] According to German orientalist Franz Babinger (1891–1967) he was a convert of Greek origin.[4]

Career

In circa 1451 he was appointed as the beylerbey (provincial governor) of Anatolia; the same year, the newly ascended Sultan Mehmet II ("the Conqueror") forced him to marry his father Murad II's widow Sultan Hatun.[5][6][7][8]

His first term as a Grand Vizier was during the reign of Mehmed II. During this term, he transferred Oghuz Turk people from their Anatolian city of Aksaray to newly conquered Constantinople in order to populate the city, which had lost a portion of its former population prior to the 1453 conquest. The quarter of the city where the migrants were settled is now called Aksaray.[9]

His second term was during the reign of Beyazıt II. He died on 30 January 1487 in Thessaloniki.[8]

  • Ishak Pasha is referenced in the 2011 video game Assassin's Creed: Revelations, as the Mentor of the Assassin Brotherhood in the Ottoman Empire, in which his armor was hidden underneath the Hagia Sophia, and was later recovered by the protagonist Ezio Auditore da Firenze by recollecting his Memoir Pages.[10][11] Assassin's Creed Rebellion, a free-to-play mobile game, further details his story in the Spanish Inquisition as he and his apprentice Yusuf Tazim search for Niccolo Polo's journal.
  • In 1951 film, İstanbul'un Fethi, Alev Elmas played Ishak Pasha.[12]
  • Ishak Pasha is played by Yılmaz Babatürk in 2012 film Fetih 1453.
  • Mentioned together with Mehmet II in the song The Fall Of Constantinople by the neofolk band H.E.R.R.

See also

References
  1. Radushev, Evg (2003). Ivanova, Svetlana; Kovachev, Rumen (eds.). Inventory of Ottoman Turkish documents about Waqf preserved in the Oriental Department at the St. St. Cyril and Methodius National Library. Narodna biblioteka "Sv. sv. Kiril i Metodiĭ". p. 228.
  2. Faveyrial, Jean-Claude (1888). Elsie, Robert (ed.). Histoire de l'Albanie (PDF) (in French). House of the Lazarite Missionaries in Paris. p. 215. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 December 2014.
  3. Stavrides, Théoharis (2001). The Sultan of Vezirs: The Life and Times of the Ottoman Grand Vezir Mahmud Pasha Angelović (1453-1474). Brill Publishers. p. 64. ISBN 978-90-04-12106-5. There is considerable confusion regarding Ishak Pasha [...] Ishak Pasha was of Greek or Croatian origins
  4. Babinger, Franz (1992). Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time. Bollingen Series 96. Translated from the German by Ralph Manheim. Edited, with a preface, by William C. Hickman. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 14. ISBN 0-691-09900-6. OCLC 716361786.
  5. Freely, John (February 28, 2009). The Grand Turk: Sultan Mehmet II - Conqueror of Constantinople, Master of an Empire and Lord of Two Seas. I.B.Tauris. p. 288. ISBN 978-0-857-73022-0.
  6. Thatcher, Bruce D. (25 June 2011). Adamant Aggressors: How to Recognize and Deal with Them. Xlibris Corporation. p. 353. ISBN 978-1-462-89195-5.
  7. Babinger, Franz (1992). Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time. Bollingen Series 96. Translated from the German by Ralph Manheim. Edited, with a preface, by William C. Hickman. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 549. ISBN 0-691-09900-6. OCLC 716361786.
  8. "İSHAK PAŞA KÜLLİYESİ: İnegöl'de XV. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında inşa edilen bir külliye". İslam Ansiklopedisi. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  9. Buz, Ayhan (2009). Osmanlı Sadrazamları. İstanbul: Neden Kitap. p. 22. ISBN 978-975-254-278-5.
  10. Reparaz, Mikel (12 April 2017). "Assassin's Creed Revelations Data Fragments and Ishak Pasha's Memoir Pages guide". Games Radar. Future Publishing Limited Quay House. Retrieved 27 April 2018.
  11. "Ishak Pasha's Memoir Pages". IGN. Ziff Davis, LLC. 28 February 2012. Retrieved 27 April 2018.
  12. Yüksel, Ahmet (2009). "Türk Sinemasında Tarihsel Filmler ve Bir Şair, İki Yönetmen" (PDF). In Tanyer, Turan (ed.). İnsan Bilimleri İçin Kaynak Araştırmaları Dergisi (PDF). pp. 251–290. ISSN 1300-2864.

Further reading
  • Danişmend, İsmail Hâmi (1961), Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, İstanbul:Türkiye Yayınevi.
  • Tektaş, Nazım (2002), Sadrazamlar-Osmanlı'da İkinci Adam Saltanatı, İstanbul:Çatı Kitapları.
Political offices
Preceded by
Rum Mehmed Pasha		 Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
1469–1472		 Succeeded by
Mahmud Pasha Angelovic
Preceded by
Karamanlı Mehmet Pasha		 Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
1481–1482		 Succeeded by
Koca Davud Pasha
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