Jeongan
Jeongan or Ding'an (정안국 or 定安國, 938-986) was a successor state of Balhae founded by Yeol Man-hwa. The official Chinese historical record, the History of Song states that Jeongan derives from Mahan or possibly a descendant of Mohe people.[1][2]
Jeongan 定安國/정안국 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 938–986 | |||||||||
 | |||||||||
| Capital | Yalu Fu | ||||||||
| Common languages | Unknown | ||||||||
| Religion | Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Shamanism | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| King | |||||||||
• 938–976 | Yeol Manhwa (first) | ||||||||
• 976–986 | Oh Hyeon-myeong (last) | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Establishment | 938 | ||||||||
• Fall | 986 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | China North Korea | ||||||||
| Jeongan | |
| Hangul | 정안국 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 定安國 |
| Revised Romanization | Jeongan guk |
| McCune–Reischauer | Chŏngan kuk |
| Jeongan | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 定安國 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 定安国 | ||||||
| |||||||
Establishment and Downfall
When Khitan-led Liao dynasty forces deposed Balhae in 926, a few officials of the fallen kingdom, led by the Dae clan, established Later Balhae. However, in 935, General Yeol Manhwa took control of the government after the death of the Dae clan king, and changed the state name to Jeongan. Jeongan is recorded to have enlisted the assistance of neighboring tribes with the hopes of overthrowing the Liao dynasty, but apparently failed to do so. The Yeol clan was replaced by the Oh clan in 976, and was ruled by Oh Hyeon-myeong until before it was finally destroyed by the Liao dynasty in 986 CE.
Rulers
- Yeol Man-hwa (열만화, 烈萬華, 938-976)
- Oh Hyeon-myeong (오현명, 烏玄明, 976-986)
See also
References
- The Cambridge History of China. The Liao (Chapter 1). Cambridge University Press. March 2008. pp. 43–88.
- "정안국" [Jeongan Kingdom]. terms.naver.com (in Korean). Retrieved 2019-05-20.
Citations
- 剑桥中国辽西夏金元史·第一章辽
- History of Song·卷四百九十一·列傳第二百五十·外國七