Ji Xingwen

Ji was born in Fugou County, Henan Province, at his ancestral home in Hancheng, Shaanxi. He completed his education in Advanced Studies at the Republic of China Military Academy.

Ji became famous across China for his presence at the Marco Polo Bridge Incident and the battles that followed.[1] As a colonel, Ji was the regimental commander of the 219th Regiment, 110th Brigade, 37th Division, 29th Route Army.[2]

Ji received a telephone message from the commander of Japanese forces in the area regarding a Japanese soldier that went missing after a military exercise. The Japanese commander claimed that his soldier, Private Kikujiro Shimura, was missing and that they suspected the soldier had been abducted by the Chinese. In fact, he had gotten lost while relieving himself on his way back from the exercise and found his way back to his unit hours later.

The Japanese commander demanded permission to enter Wanping to investigate. Colonel Ji refused the search demand. The Japanese Army had fabricated several similar incidents during that period in order to encroach on Chinese territory. With the Japanese demand unfulfilled, at about 5:30 am on July 8, the Japanese began shelling the bridge and Wanping, launching an assault on the Chinese position at Wanping.

When the Japanese attacked the bridge from the rear, Ji led defenses with about 100 men and was ordered to hold the bridge at all costs. By the afternoon, the Japanese had managed to occupy the southern end of the bridge. Chinese reinforcements arrived, and on the morning of July 9th, the Chinese retook the bridge under cover of mist and rain.[3]

On 23 August 1958, he was mortally wounded during the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis bombardment of Kinmen by the People's Liberation Army.

Memorials to Ji are found in the war museums of Taipei and Beijing. His son, Ji Mingli, has made appearances to commemorate his father and memorialize the wars he fought in.

• List of Chinese battles in modern China
• List of Battles of Chinese Civil War