Joachim Prinz

Joachim Prinz (May 10, 1902 – September 30, 1988) was a German-American rabbi who was outspoken against Nazism and became a Zionist leader.[1] As a young rabbi in Berlin, he was forced to confront the rise of Nazism, and eventually emigrated to the United States in 1937. There he became vice-chairman of the World Jewish Congress, an active member of the World Zionist Organization, an outspoken civil rights leader, and a participant in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.[2][3][4]

Prinz in the 1950s
Rabbi

Joachim Prinz
Prinz in the 1970s
Born(1902-05-10)May 10, 1902
Bierdzan, Silesia, Prussia, German Empire
DiedSeptember 30, 1988(1988-09-30) (aged 86)
Livingston, New Jersey, U.S.
NationalityGerman-American
Alma materUniversity of Giessen (Ph.D.)
Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau
Known forCo-organizer of the March on Washington, Zionism
Spouse(s)
Lucie Horovitz
​
(died 1931)​

Hilde Goldschmidt
​
(m. 1932)​
Children4

Biography

Prinz was born in 1902 in the village of Bierdzan (near Oppeln), in the Prussian province of Silesia.

Prinz was born to a Jewish family. Early on, he became motivated by a charismatic rabbi and Prinz took an increasing interest in Judaism. His Jewish roots grew even stronger following his mother's death. By 1917, he had also joined Blau Weiss (Blue White), the Zionist youth movement.

At 21, Joachim Prinz received his Ph.D. in Philosophy, and had minored in Art History, at the University of Giessen. He was ordained as a rabbi at the Jewish Theological Seminary in Breslau. He married Lucie Horovitz, the daughter of the seminary's most prominent professor. She died in Berlin in 1931,[1] shortly after giving birth to their daughter Lucie.[5] Prinz married Hilde Goldschmidt in 1932.[6] They had four children, Michael (born in Berlin), Jonathan, and Deborah (both born in the United States), and they adopted another daughter, Jo Seelmann, who was Hilde’s cousin and who had survived a Nazi concentration camp.[7][8]

As his prominence grew in Germany and his fears of Hitler's reign coming to fruition, he earned the sponsorship of Rabbi Stephen Wise who was a close adviser to President Franklin Roosevelt. In 1937, Prinz immigrated into the United States, after giving a farewell sermon attended by thousands, including Adolf Eichmann.[9] He immediately began lecturing throughout the U.S. for the United Palestine Appeal, established in the 1920s as the fund raising arm in the United States for the Jewish Agency for Israel. It was, essentially, the precursor to what became the American Jewish support base for a nation state of Israel and the United Israel Appeal.[10][11]

Joachim Prinz settled in New Jersey as the spiritual leader of Temple B'Nai Abraham in Newark.[3]

Prinz died of a heart attack at St. Barnabas Hospital in Livingston, New Jersey in 1988.[1] He was buried in the B'nai Abraham Memorial Park.[12]

Activism
1963 march with Prinz and Martin Luther King Jr.

Jewish Rights

Within a short period, Prinz's activism helped him rise to become one of the top leaders within the Jewish organizational structure. He held top leadership positions in the World Jewish Congress, as president of the American Jewish Congress from 1958–1966, and as Chairman of the World Conference of Jewish Organizations. Later, he was a director of the Conference of Jewish Material Claims Against Germany.

Prinz's early involvement in the Zionist movement made him a close ally and friend of the founding leaders of the State of Israel. Prinz was essential to establishing what became the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations. Prinz was Chairman from 1965-1967.[13]

Broader Civil Rights
Meeting with Leaders of the March on Washington

Dr. Prinz devoted much of his life in the United States to the Civil Rights Movement. He saw the plight of African Americans and other minority groups in the context of his own experience under Hitler. Already in 1937, the year of his immigration, Prinz wrote in an article for the German-Jewish periodical Der Morgen:

Die Neger in Harlem erinnern uns immer noch an die Zeiten von Onkel Toms Hütte. Wir verstehen deshalb nicht, daß auch die Juden dort die Neger höchst gleichgültig betrachten, und daß auch sie hochmütig sind... Wir können das nicht. Wir verstehen sie zu gut, die Schwarzen im Ghetto zu Harlem.[14]
"The negroes in Harlem still remind us of the times of Uncle Tom's Cabin. Therefore we cannot understand that the Jews there, too, regard the negroes with great indifference, and that they are equally haughty... For us [immigrants from Nazi Germany], this is impossible. We understand them too well, those blacks in the ghetto of Harlem."

From his early days in Newark, a city with a very large minority community, he spoke from his pulpit about the disgrace of discrimination.[3] He joined the picket lines across America protesting racial prejudice from unequal employment to segregated schools, housing and all other areas of life.

While serving as President of the American Jewish Congress, he represented the Jewish community as an organizer of the August 28, 1963, March on Washington. He came to the podium immediately following a stirring spiritual sung by the gospel singer Mahalia Jackson and just before Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. Dr. Prinz's address is remembered for its contention that, based on his experience as a rabbi in Nazi Germany after the rise of Hitler, in the face of discrimination, "the most urgent, the most disgraceful, the most shameful and the most tragic problem is silence."[15]

Prinz attended King's funeral following his assassination in April 1968.[9]

Books
  • Zum Begriff der religiösen Erfahrung ("On the concept of religious experience") - Breslau 1927
  • Helden und Abenteuer der Bibel ("Biblical heroes and adventures") - Berlin-Charlottenburg: P. Baumann 1930
  • Jüdische Geschichte ("Jewish history") - Berlin: Verlag für Kulturpolitik 1931 (2. Auflage: Illustrierte jüdische Geschichte. Berlin: Brandus 1933)
  • Wir Juden ("We Jews") Berlin: Reiss 1934 (Excerpts in: Christoph Schulte, Deutschtum und Judentum. Ein Disput unter Juden in Deutschland ("Germanness and Jewishness. A dispute among Jews in Germany") - Stuttgart: Reclam 1993, Reclams Universal-Bibliothek; Nr. 8899, ISBN 978-3-15-008899-9)
  • Die Geschichten der Bibel ("Bible stories") - Berlin: Reiss Verl. 1934 (7 editions to 1937, new edition: New York: Atheneum Jewish publisher in 1988)
  • Der Freitagabend ("The Friday evening") - Berlin: Brandus [1935]; Nachdruck: Zürich: Verl. Jüd. Buch-Gemeinde 1954
  • Die Reiche Israel und Juda ("The kingdoms of Israel and Judah") - Berlin: Reiss 1936
  • Das Leben im Ghetto ("Life in the ghetto") - Berlin: Löwe 1937
  • Prayers for the High Holidays, 1951.
  • The Dilemma of the Modern Jew, Boston: Little, Brown, 1962.
  • Popes from the ghetto: a view of medieval Christendom, New York: Horizon Press, 1966.
  • The secret Jews, New York: Random House, 1973.
  • Joachim Prinz, Rebellious Rabbi: An Autobiography: the German and early American years,(ed. Michael A. Meyer) Indiana University Press, 2008

References and citations
  1. Fowler, Glenn (1988-10-01). "Joachim Prinz, Leader in Protests For Civil-Rights Causes, Dies at 86 (Published 1988)". The New York Times. p. 33. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-11-12.
  2. March on Washington photo Gallery Archived 2007-06-01 at the Wayback Machine
  3. Nadler, Allan (February 25, 2011). "The Plot for America: Remembering Civil Rights Leader Joachim Prinz". Retrieved August 28, 2020. Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  4. Nierenberg, Rachel; Pasternak, Rachel; Price, Clement (November 6, 2014). "Rabbi Joachim Prinz: The Jewish Leader Who Bridged Two Journeys, From Slavery to Freedom". Moment Magazine. Retrieved August 28, 2020.
  5. Meyer, Michael A. (2007-11-20). Joachim Prinz, Rebellious Rabbi: An Autobiography—the German and Early American Years. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-02801-3.
  6. "Joachim Prinz, N.J. Rabbi, Activist, Dies". Washington Post. October 2, 1988. Retrieved August 28, 2020.
  7. "Rabbi Joachim Prinz, Civil-Rights Leader". Newsday. Long Island, NY. October 3, 1988.
  8. "Joachim Prinz". Retrieved August 28, 2020.
  9. Pasternak, Rachel Nierenberg; Fisher, Rachel Eskin; Price, Clement (2014-11-06). "Rabbi Joachim Prinz: The Jewish Civil Rights Leader". Moment Magazine. Retrieved 2020-11-12.
  10. A Clash of Heroes: Brandeis, Weizmann, and American Zionism, By Ben Halpern
  11. Roosevelt's Letter to the UPA
  12. "Joachim Prinz (U.S. National Park Service)". National Mall and Memorial Parks. National Park Service. Retrieved 2020-11-12.
  13. Prinz Library
  14. http://sammlungen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/cm/periodical/pageview/2907290
  15. Reston, James via The New York Times, "The March's First Test: In The Churches", St. Petersburg Times, August 31, 1963. Accessed January 11, 2011.

Further reading

David Suissa "Before King, it was Prinz", Jewish Journal 4 September 2008

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