KTDU-35

The KTDU-35 (GRAU Index 11D62) was a Soviet spacecraft propulsion system composed of two liquid rocket engines, the primary, S5.60 (SKD) and the secondary S5.35 (DKD), fed from the same propellant tanks. Both engines burn UDMH and AK27I in the gas generator cycle.[4] It was designed by OKB-2, the famous Isaev Design Bureau, for the original Soyuz programme.[3]

KTDU-35
Country of originUSSR
Date1962–1967
First flight1966-11-28 (Kosmos 133)
DesignerOKB-2, Anton Tavzarachvili
ApplicationSpacecraft main propulsion
PredecessorS5.4
SuccessorKTDU-426
StatusRetired
Liquid-fuel engine
PropellantAK27I / UDMH
Mixture ratio1.85
Cyclegas generator
Configuration
ChamberS5.60: 1
S5.35: 2
Performance
Thrust (vac.)S5.60:4.09 kN (920 lbf)
S5.35:4.03 kN (910 lbf)
Chamber pressureS5.60:3.92 MPa (569 psi)
Isp (vac.)S5.60:278 seconds
S5.35:270 seconds
Burn time500 seconds
Restarts25
Dimensions
Length1.1 m (43 in)
Diameter1.5 m (59 in)
Dry weight305 kg (672 lb)
Used in
Soyuz from 7K-OK to 7K-T and Progress 7K-TG
References
References[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Within the Soyuz and Progress, the SKD is the primary engine, the DKD is the backup engine for main orbital correction and de-orbit operations. The engine generate 4.09 kN (920 lbf) (SKD) or 4.03 kN (910 lbf) (DKD) of thrust with a specific impulse of 278 seconds and 270 seconds, respectively. The SKD nozzle is fixed in the aft of the craft, and the dual DKD nozzles are on either side. The spacecraft attitude system (DPO) is responsible for pointing the vehicle in the correct direction and keep it that way during SKD burns.[7]

Versions

This engine has been used in three variants:

  • S5.53: Orbital correction engine for the lunar version of the Soyuz.[4][3]
  • S5.60 (AKA KTDU-35 GRAU Index 11D62): Version for the LEO version of the Soyuz.[4][3]
  • S5.66 (AKA KTDU-66): Maneuvering engine version for the Salyut 1 and Salyut 4 stations. Increased burn time to 1000 seconds and increased number of starts. Also was composed of primary and secondary engines.[4][8]

See also

References
  1. Brügge, Norbert. "Spacecraft-propulsion blocks (KDU) from Isayev's design bureau (now Khimmash)". B14643.de. Archived from the original on 2015-06-02. Retrieved 2015-06-02.
  2. "Soyuz". Rocket and Space Technology. Retrieved 2015-07-08.
  3. "KTDU-35". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2015-07-25.
  4. "Основные двигатели разработки КБХМ" [The main engines produced by KbKhA] (in Russian). Retrieved 2015-07-25.
  5. Pillet, Nicolas. "Le système de propulsion du vaisseau Soyouz" [The propulsion system of the Soyuz spacecraft] (in French). Kosmonavtika.com. Retrieved 2015-07-14.
  6. McDowell, Jonathan. "5.2: Russian engines". Jonathan Space Report. Retrieved 2015-07-25.
  7. Chertok, Boris (May 2009). "Chapter 18 – Birth of the Soyuzes". Rockets and People Vol. 3 – Hot Days of the Cold War (PDF). Volume 3 (NASA SP-2006-4110). NASA. p. 562. ISBN 978-0-16-081733-5. Retrieved 2015-07-15.
  8. "KTDU-66". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2015-07-25.


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