Kartamyshevska Street

Kartomyshevskaya Street was first mentioned in 1836.[1] The first known architect of buildings on the street was N. N. Cherkunov, who built three houses between 1847 and 1850:

• Present-day Golovkovskaya Street, 1 (at the corner of Kartamyshevskaya and Golovkovskaya Streets).[3] The 1847 house, with a shed roof, was rebuilt in the mid-1950s with a flat roof. Its walls were lined with tile during the 1970s.
• An 1848 house (now demolished) built for S. Brinzi at Kartanyshevskaya, 34[4]
• An 1850 house (also demolished) built for Ye. Savenko at Kartanyshevskaya, 36[5]

Until 1870, Karamyshevskaya Street was primarily residential. During the second half of the 19th century, the street gradually took on an industrial character.[1]

In the early 1870s, a windmill at the corner of Komityetskaya and Kartamyshevskaya Streets (on the even-numbered side of Kartamyshevskaya Street) was replaced by a steam mill owned by Turkish consul Rafail Hawa. Hawa also established a small glassworks for the production of bottles and similar vessels on the street. The glassworks was sold to a hat manufacturer named Delpech in 1875. At the turn of the 20th century, two small glassworks (one owned by Wilhelm Sanzenbacher) existed on the street.[1]

The eclectic-style Kartamyshevskaya 14, owned by Meer M. Kanela in 1902 and 1903, in June 2017

On behalf of Ivan Solyanikov, Vassily Lobanov petitioned for the construction of a two-storey stone house at the corner of Karamyshevskaya and Kosvennaya Streets (Kartamyshevskaya Street, 11 and Kosvennaya Street, 76) in 1893; the plan was approved on 16 August of that year. The house's architect was named Ottone. In 1898, the property belonged to A. F. Solyannikova.[6] Kartomyshevska Street was first named on the city map in 1894. A petroleum factory owned by a man named Lang existed on the street in the late 19th century, and a mining engineer named Yushkin was summoned from Grozny to work there.[1]

In 1898, two parcels were on the block between Kertamyshevska and Kosvyennaya Streets:

• Karamyshevskaya, 10, from the corner to the present-day boundary between houses on Kartamyshevskaya street 12 and 14 (including Kartamyshevskaya, 14), owned by M. Posokhov
• Karamyshevskaya, 8, from the corner of Kosvyennaya and Kartamyshevskaya Streets to the present-day boundary between Kartamyshevskaya 12 and 14, owned by H. Wolf and others[7]

The numbering of the even-numbered side of Kartamyshevskaya Street was changed in 1902 and 1903.[7]

Odessa gangster, revolutionary and military leader Mishka Yaponchik in the 1910s

1919 map of Odessa, including electric-train lines

The Russian Empire experienced a revolutionary period between 1904 and 1920, and the Potemkin uprising brought Odessa into the revolutionary movement. From 1918 to February 1920, political power in Odessa changed a number of times until the Red Army installed the Bolsheviks in power. The houses on Kartamyshevska Street were:

• Kartamyshervska Street, 16, at the corner of Kosvyennaya and Karamyshevska Streets. On 30 June 1904, a project was approved for V. N. Posokhova to rebuild one-story stone buildings into premises for people's baths, annex buildings for tanks and boilers, and a single-storey stone outbuilding on Kosvyennaya Street, 41. The project was approved on the same day.
• Kartamyshevska Street, 14: In 1907 and 1908, the parcel was acquired by Abram Yankelevich Soskin.[7] Odessa gangster Mishka Yaponchik and his gang were active from 1905 to 1907 and 1917 to 1919, and used a shed in the courtyard to descend underground and hide from the police.[1]
• Karamyshevskaya Street, 7: Owned by Khana Spivak, the house sheltered a group of revolutionary social democrats who plotted to blow up Russian ships.[1]
• Kartamyshevska street, 26: Purchased by Ivan Chernyavsky and his wife, Yelizaveta Chernyavskaya (née Isakina) after their 1909 marriage.
• Apartment house of Ivan Solyanikov: In 1913, the parcel had two owners: A. F. Solyanikova and P. M. Groodchenko.[6]
• Corner of Komityetskaya Street and the odd-numbered side of Karamyshevska Street: The Tarnopol brothers' third wallpaper factory replaced the Lang petroleum factory in 1911. The factory, which produced up to 280,000 rolls of wallpaper by 1913, was closed after the October Revolution.[1]

The numbering of the odd-numbered side of the street was changed in 1913. According to a 1910 Odessa map, the 10A electric-train line ran along Balkovkaya Street and crossed Kartomyshevska Street. According to 1912, 1916, 1917 and 1919 maps, two lines crossed Kartomyshevska: the 10A and the Kosvennaya Street line.[8][9][10]

The Soviets entered Odessa on 7 February 1920. The next two years were a time of privation, with increased deaths of young children and the elderly.

The wallpaper factory reopened as the Comintern factory in 1923 as the only wallpaper factory in the USSR. During its first year, the factory produced 575,000 rolls of wallpaper. In 1930, after modernization, it produced 6,000,000 rolls per year. Tapestry and wallpaper manufacturing in Ukraine began on Karamyshevska Street.[1] The apartment house of Ivan Solyanikov at Karamyshevska 17 and Kosvennaya 86, designed by architect C. Ottone, was demolished during this period.[6]

The defense of Odessa, from 5 August to 16 October 1941, began when German and Romanian troops surrounded the city. Middle School 60 was blown up by Soviet troops in October 1941, before they left Odessa by sea to continue the siege of Sevastopol (1941–42). During the defense of the city Odessa's city hall was located at Karamyshevska Street, 10.[1]