Kekāuluohi

Miriam Auhea Kalani Kui Kawakiu o Kekāuluohi Kealiʻiuhiwaihanau o Kalani Makahonua Ahilapalapa Kai Wikapu o Kaleilei a Kalakua also known as Kaʻahumanu III[1]:230 (July 27, 1794 – June 7, 1845), was Kuhina Nui of the Kingdom of Hawaii, a queen consort of both King Kamehameha I and Kamehameha II, and mother of another king. In Hawaiian, her name Kekāuluohi means the vine growing with shoots. She adopted her secondary name Auhea, meaning Where, oh where, in memory of the death of Kamehameha I.[2][3]

Kekāuluohi
Queen Consort of the Hawaiian Islands and Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands
Kaʻahumanu III
Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands
ReignApril 5, 1839 – June 7, 1845
PredecessorKaʻahumanu II
SuccessorKeoni Ana
Born(1794-07-27)July 27, 1794
Honolulu, Oʻahu
DiedJune 7, 1845(1845-06-07) (aged 50)
Pohukaina, Honolulu
Burial
Pohukaina Tomb, then at sea
SpouseKamehameha I
Kamehameha II
Charles Kanaʻina
IssueLunalilo
Full name
Miriam Auhea Kalani Kui Kawakiu o Kekāuluohi Kealiʻiuhiwaihanau o Kalani Makahonua Ahilapalapa Kai Wikapu o Kaleilei a Kalakua, Kaʻahumanu III
HouseHouse of Kamehameha
FatherKalaʻimamahu
MotherKalākua Kaheiheimālie
Signature

Life

She was born on July 27, 1794, the only daughter of her father High Chief Kalaʻimamahu (half-brother of Kamehameha I) and her mother Kalākua Kaheiheimālie of Maui, who herself was married Kamehameha I. She was hānai to (adopted by) her grandparents Namahana and Keʻeaumoku, who "fondled her as if she were a feather lei from the precious mamo bird."[4]:26

Through her mother she was a step-daughter of Kamehameha I, founder of the Kingdom of Hawaii, and through her father she was a cousin of Kamehameha I. She was also half-sister of Kamāmalu and Kīnaʻu.

She was betrothed to a prince of the Tahitian Pōmare Dynasty at birth, but never married him because of the prince's early death. In 1809 she was chosen along with Manono II by Kamehameha I "to warm his old age".[5]:108 When Kamehameha I died in 1819 she gave herself the name Auhea (where has he gone) in memory of her first husband. She would later marry her cousin Liholiho (who took the throne as King Kamehameha II) as one of his five consorts. She had no children from her first two marriages. And in 1821 was given by Kamehameha II to his friend Charles Kanaʻina on Kauaʻi in marriage.[5]:108

She became Kuhina Nui of Hawaii on April 5, 1839 and she took the name Kaʻahumanu III, after the two preceding holders of the office. As Kuhina Nui she signed, with the king, all official documents; conducted all executive business affecting the Crown; received and transferred government lands; and served as special Councilor to the king, with exclusive veto power over his decisions. She and Kamehameha III signed the first constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1840.[6] It provided for an elected representative body, a first step toward the common people gaining political power. She served in the House of Nobles from its founding. The constitution also codified for the first time the responsibilities and authority of the kuhina nui.[7] She held both positions until her death.[8]

She and Kanaʻina had one child. Kekāuluohi gave birth to a son January 31, 1835. When a name for the prince was about to be selected, his mother chanted: "I luna, i luna, i lunalilo, the highest, the highest, the highest of all". Although given the Christian name William Charles, he became King Lunalilo of Hawaii in 1873. Kekāuluohi died of influenza at Pohukaina, Honolulu, June 7, 1845. Initially buried in the Pohukaina Tomb, located on grounds of ʻIolani Palace, her remains were not amongst those transported in 1865 to the newly constructed Royal Mausoleum at Mauna ʻAla in the Nuʻuanu Valley.[9][10]:63 It isn't known if this was a mistake or oversight, but the indignant Lunalilo refused to bury his mother at the Royal Mausoleum and instead arrange her remains to buried at sea.[11]:119 Her father's family line survives today through her cousin and namesake Miriam Auhea Kekāuluohi Crowningburg.[12][13]

A girl's dormitory is named for her at Kamehameha Schools Kapalama Campus.[14]

See also

References
  1. Sheldon Dibble (1843). History of the Sandwich Islands. Lahainaluna: Press of the Mission Seminary.
  2. Cumming, Constance Frederica Gordon (1883). Fire Fountains: The Kingdom of Hawaii, Its Volcanoes, and the History of Its Missions. 1. Edinburgh: W. Blackwood. p. 296.
  3. Pukui, Mary Kawena; Elbert, Samuel H.; Mookini, Esther T. (1974). Place Names of Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-8248-0524-1.
  4. Katharine Luomala, University of Hawaii (1987). "Reality and Fantasy: The Foster Child in Hawaiian Myths and Customs". Pacific Studies. Brigham Young University Hawaii Campus. pp. 1–45. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
  5. Louis de Freycinet, Marion Kelly (1978). Hawaii in 1819: A Narrative Account. Dept. of Anthropology, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum.
  6. "Kekāuluohi". state archives centennial collection. state of Hawaii. Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  7. "The 1840 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii". Hawaiian Electronic Library. 1840. Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  8. "Kekauluohi, Miriam Auhea office record". state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved January 28, 2010.
  9. Alexander, William DeWitt (1894). "The "Hale o Keawe" at Honaunau, Hawaii". Journal of the Polynesian Society. London: E. A. Petherick. 3: 159–161.
  10. Stokes, John F. G. (1930). "Burial of Keawe". Hawaiian Journal of History. Honolulu: Hawaiian Historical Society: 63–72. hdl:10524/961.
  11. Young, Kanalu G. Terry (1998). Rethinking the Native Hawaiian Past. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc. ISBN 978-0-8153-3120-9.
  12. Kapiikauinamoku (1956). "Peleuli II Brought Up In Kamehamehaʻs Court". in The Story of Maui Royalty. The Honolulu Advertiser, Ulukau, the Hawaiian Electronic Library. Retrieved June 5, 2014.
  13. Kapiikauinamoku (1955). "Namahana III Assumes Commemorative Title". in The Story of Hawaiian Royalty. The Honolulu Advertiser, Ulukau, the Hawaiian Electronic Library. Retrieved June 5, 2014.
  14. "Kekauluohi Dormitory: Kapalama Campus". official web site. Kamehameha Schools. Retrieved January 28, 2010.
Preceded by
Kaʻahumanu II		 Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands
April 5, 1839 – June 7, 1845		 Succeeded by
Keoni Ana
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