L&YR Class 3

The L&YR Class 3 was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway introduced in 1891 with forty being built.[1] George Hughes rebuilt six locomotives with superheaters between 1908 and 1909, they were later designated L&YR Class 4. All passed to the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at the grouping in 1923 but were withdrawn by 1930.

L&YR Class 3
No. 1093 in photographic paint
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerJohn Aspinall
Build date1891-1894
Total produced40
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte4-4-0
Gauge4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Driver dia.7 ft 3 in (2.210 m)
Loco weight44.8 long tons (45.5 t)
Fuel typeCoal
Boiler pressure180 psi (1.24 MPa)
Cylinders2
Cylinder size18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gearJoy
Performance figures
Tractive effort14,814 lbf (65.9 kN)
Career
OperatorsL&YR, LMS
Power classLMS 2P
Withdrawn1925-1930
DispositionAll scrapped
L&YR Class 4
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerGeorge Hughes
Build dateRebuilt 1908-1909
Total produced6
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte4-4-0
Gauge4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Driver dia.7 ft 3 in (2.210 m)
Loco weight48.75 long tons (49.53 t)
Fuel typeCoal
Boiler pressure180 psi (1.24 MPa)
Cylinders2
Cylinder size19 in × 26 in (483 mm × 660 mm) or
20 in × 26 in (508 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gearJoy or
Walschaerts
Performance figures
Tractive effort17,576 lbf (78.2 kN) (19")
18,290 lbf (81.4 kN) (20")
Career
OperatorsL&YR, LMS
Power classLMS 3P
Withdrawn1925-1926
DispositionAll scrapped

Design

Origins

The design originated with a William Barton Wright's 4-4-0 of 1880 with driving wheels of 6 feet 0 inches (1.83 m) and boiler pressure of 140 psi (0.97 MPa).[2] Aspinall then produced a modified version with 6ft wheels which was the basis for the class 3.

Class 3

John Aspinall succeeded Barton Wright in 1886. He initially order more locomotives of Barton's Wright's 4-4-0 design.[3] but determined a driving wheels of 7 feet 3 inches (2.21 m) and boiler pressure increased to 160 psi (1.10 MPa) should give increased speed for the same tractive effort.[2]

Class 4

Six locomotives were rebuilt with superheaters by George Hughes between 1908 and 1909.[4] They became L&YR Class 4 in the Hughes classification scheme introduced in 1919.[5] All six passed to the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at the grouping in 1923.[6]

There were two different versions of the rebuild. One had 19" bore cylinders and Joy valve gear. The other had 20" bore cylinders and Walschaerts valve gear.

Numbering

The L&YR numbered them 1093-1229 and then randomly, using numbers between 318 and 498. The LMS numbered its 34 Class 3 locomotives 10150-10183. The six which had been rebuilt to Class 4 were numbered in a separate series, LMS 10190-10195.

Class 4 numbering
L&YR no. LMS no. Cylinders
1112 10190 19"
1110 10191 20"
1104 10192 20"
1098 10193 20"
1105 10194 20"
455 10195 19"

Withdrawal

Withdrawals began in 1925 and the Class 4 superheated locomotives were all withdrawn by 1926. The last members of the type were withdrawn in 1930.[4] None have been preserved.

References
  1. Casserley & Johnston (1966), pp. 104–105.
  2. Bulleid (1967), pp. 102–103.
  3. Bulleid (1967), pp. 80–89.
  4. Marshall (1972), pp. 256–257.
  5. Marshall (1972), pp. 273.
  6. Casserley & Johnston (1966), p. 105.

Bibliography
  • Bulleid, H.A.V. (1967). The Aspinall Era. Ian Allan Ltd.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Casserley, H.C.; Johnston, S.W. (1966). Locomotives at the Grouping, no.3, LMS. Ian Allan.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Marshall, John (1972). The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway, volume 3. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5320-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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