Lake-class inshore patrol vessel

The Lake-class inshore patrol vessel (also known as the Rotoiti class and the Protector class) is a ship class of inshore patrol vessels (IPVs) of the Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN) which replaced the RNZN's Moa-class patrol boats in 2007–2008. All four vessels are named after New Zealand lakes.

HMNZS Rotoiti and HMNZS Pukaki in 2010
Class overview
Name: Lake class
Builders: BAE Systems Australia (then Tenix Shipbuilding), Whangarei
Operators:  Royal New Zealand Navy
Preceded by: Moa class
Cost: NZ$35.8 million (2008) per unit
Built: 2005–2008
In service: 2009–present
In commission: 2009–present
Completed: 4
Active: 2
Retired: 2
General characteristics
Type: Inshore patrol vessel
Displacement: 340 tonnes (loaded)
Length: 55 m (180 ft)
Beam: 9 m (30 ft)
Draught: 2.9 m (9.5 ft)
Propulsion:
  • Two MAN B&W 12VP185 engines, each rated at 2,500 kW (3,400 hp) at 1,907 rpm
  • ZF 7640 NR gearboxes
  • Two controllable pitch propellers
Speed:
  • Top speed 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph)
  • Patrol speed 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph)
Range: 3,000 nautical miles (5,600 km; 3,500 mi)
Boats & landing
craft carried:
2 × RHIB with diesel-powered three-stage jet units
Complement: 36 (includes 4 government agency staff and up to 12 others)[1]
Armament:
Notes: [2]

Following long-running Navy retention problems in the wake of NZDF "civilianisation", two of the four vessels were tied up, inactive, in a 'Reduced Activity Period' for long periods between 2013 and 2018. In June 2019 the New Zealand Government announced that two of the patrol vessels would be withdrawn from service, and they were decommissioned in October that year.

Design and construction

Conceived as part of Project Protector, the Ministry of Defence acquisition project to acquire one multi-role vessel, two offshore and four inshore patrol vessels. The Project Protector vessels were to be operated by the RNZN to conduct tasks for and with the New Zealand Customs Service, the Department of Conservation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Ministry of Fisheries, Maritime New Zealand, and New Zealand Police. The future duties will include maritime surveillance and boarding, support to civilian agencies such as the customs service and search and rescue duties.[2]

Engine room of HMNZS Hawea

The ships were built in Whangarei by BAE Systems Australia (formerly Tenix Shipbuilding), and are based on a modified search and rescue vessel for the Philippine Coast Guard, with a different superstructure design. The cost for the four vessels was planned to be NZ$100 million.[2] Friction stir welding was used in the construction of the superstructure, and Donovan Group being the first New Zealand company to use the technique, which is credited as having won them the contract for this part of the vessel's construction.[2][3]

Capabilities and features

The IPVs will normally be used for inshore tasks within 24 nautical miles (44 km; 28 mi) of the coastline.[2] However, they will have operational ranges of 3,000 nautical miles (5,600 km; 3,500 mi). Together with their improved speed, this will be sufficient to intercept, for example, large off-shore fishing trawlers working illegally in New Zealand waters.[2] Each vessel was intended to achieve 290 available patrol days per year.[4]

M2 12.7x99mm (.50-cal) machine gun on HMNZS Hawea

The ships were intended to have the ability to patrol (including receiving vertical replenishment) in up to sea state 5 (seas rough, waves 2.5–4 m (8.2–13.1 ft)) and have the ability to survive in conditions of up to sea state 8 (seas very high, waves 9–14 m (30–46 ft)). However, boat deployment and recovery will be limited to sea state 4 (seas moderate, waves 1.25–2.5 m (4.1–8.2 ft)). These parameters are much more capable than the Moa class which they replace.[2] The shipbuilder claims "the vessel is more than capable of extending the Crown's operational envelope to southern ocean patrol duties".

Possible sale

The patrol boats have seen only limited service. From 2012 the RNZN was only able to crew two of the ships. In April 2016 it was reported that Pukaki and Taupo had not put to sea since 2012 and late 2013 respectively, and the RNZN's website did not identify any activities conducted by Rotoiti since July 2012.[5][6]

In April 2016 New Zealand Defence Minister Gerry Brownlee announced that the New Zealand Government was planning to sell the four ships and replace them with an additional offshore patrol vessel. He justified this on the grounds of the ships' low levels of operational availability, and stated that "they've proved themselves to be completely inappropriate for the sort of seas that we have around New Zealand".[5] The opposition Labour Party's defence spokesman Phil Goff blamed shortages of naval personnel following cutbacks made by the National Party government in 2012 for the ships' inactivity (see civilianisation project Audit Report), and said that the RNZN still had a need for the vessels.[6] Goff also questioned Brownlee's claim that the ships were unsuitable as they couldn't operate away from the coast, stating that this was not their intended role.[7]

In February 2018 the RNZN's in-house newspaper Navy Today reported that three of the IPVs were active, with the fourth to rejoin the fleet later in the year.[8]

The Defence Capability Plan 2019, which was published in June 2019, stated that offshore patrol vessels had proven better suited to New Zealand's needs than the inshore patrol vessels, due to the larger ships' longer range, greater endurance and ability to operate helicopters. As a result, the document specified that "two inshore patrol vessels will be withdrawn from service and disposed of immediately". The fate of the remaining two vessels will be considered ahead of the planned acquisition of a Southern Ocean Patrol Vessel in the mid-2020s.[9]

HMNZS Rotoiti and HMNZS Pukaki were decommissioned on 17 October 2019 and are currently awaiting disposal.[10][11]

Names

These ships' names come from New Zealand lakes: Rotoiti and Taupo in the North Island, Hawea and Pukaki in the South Island. They were also the names of Lake-class patrol boats and frigates previously operated by the RNZN.

See also

References

  1. Rotoiti – P3569 (from the Royal New Zealand Navy website. Accessed 2008-04-21.)
  2. Welded Blisse.nz. magazine, IPENZ, March/April 2008, Volume 9/2
  3. Friction stir welding at Auckland University of Technology (AUT)
  4. http://www.navy.mil.nz/visit-the-fleet/taupo/default.htm
  5. NZ Newswire (15 April 2016). "Govt wants rid of inshore patrol ships". MSN News. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  6. "Navy's newest vessels haven't left port for years". New Zealand Herald. 14 April 2016. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  7. "Government challenged on sale of inshore patrol boats". Radio New Zealand. 14 April 2016. Retrieved 17 April 2016.
  8. Phillips, Suzi (February 2018). "Revamped IPV ready for duty" (PDF). Navy Today. Royal New Zealand Navy. p. 13. Retrieved 29 March 2018.
  9. Defence Capability Plan 2019 (PDF). Wellington: Ministry of Defence. pp. 32–33.
  10. https://navaltoday.com/2019/10/17/new-zealand-navy-retires-two-inshore-patrol-vessels/
  11. "PUKAKI and ROTOITI decommission" (PDF). Navy Today (238). Royal New Zealand Navy. November 2019. p. 9. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  12. New Zealand Navy: HMNZS Rotoiti
  13. New Zealand Navy: HMNZS Hawea
  14. New Zealand Navy: HMNZS Pukaki
  15. New Zealand Navy: HMNZS Taupo
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