Lausanne-Flon station

A railway station in this area dates back to the 1870s. Plans were made for the building of an atmospheric railway between Flon, the main Lausanne railway station and Ouchy as early as 1871. Work started on the station site, associated goods facilities and the tunnel under Montbénon, in 1874.[3] The station opened in 1877, and trains were initially powered by a steam-pumped hydraulic system, the engines using water brought 15 km (15,000 m) along purpose-built aqueducts from Bret Lake, north of Puidoux. This source of power was a precursor to the provision of electricity, and in 1882 the original Flon station became the first building in the city to have an electrical supply.[3] Meanwhile, the Lausanne-Ouchy company used spoil extracted from the tunnelling of the line to cover the River Flon and create a new ground level. This was attractive to new businesses and warehouses were quickly built on the newly created land, owned by the Lausanne-Ouchy railway company.[5]

Between 1877 and 1950, the only change at Flon station itself was the switch from atmospheric operation to funicular. Goods services at Flon were withdrawn in 1953, as Swiss Federal Railways opened a new goods depot closer to their own station.[6] Otherwise, there was no significant change to the station until services changed from cable haulage to electric rack railway operation. Ready for the upgraded service, the station was substantially rebuilt between 1956 and 1958, with lifts provided to reach the streets above.[6] However, the design retained many features from its past as a funicular terminus, meaning rolling stock required doors on only one side.

The first phase of the modern Flon station was constructed for the opening of Line M1 on 24 May 1991. The line's terminal platforms opened in what had by then become a run-down part of the city, to allow interchange with the Métro Lausanne–Ouchy. The Ouchy line closed in January 2006 for conversion to rubber-tyred metro.[7] By this time, major redevelopment of the area was planned to make it more attractive to both business and leisure.[8]

The Lausanne-Échallens-Bercher railway run commuter trains to the north of Lausanne. The LEB company, whose line historically only reached as far as Lausanne-Chauderon, had long aspired to a station actually within the city centre, and on 28 May 2000 its new underground platforms opened. These new parts of the station had been the subject of a design competition in 1988, which was won by Bernard Tschumi Architects.[4]

On 27 October 2008, Lausanne's M2 line opened,[9] with a new entrance building. This green-roofed structure, which also contains one of TL's two main ticket offices,[10] was constructed slightly to the north of the 1950s building of the Lausanne-Ouchy station.[11] As with the previous rebuild, design work was completed by Bernard Tschumi Architects, who were tasked with incorporating not only the platforms and escalators, but also a ticket office and offices for TL.[12] The construction enables cross-platform interchange from southbound M2 to the LEB.