Leine

The Leine (German: [ˈlaɪnə] (listen); Old Saxon Lagina) is a river in Thuringia and Lower Saxony, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Aller and the Weser and it is 281 km (175 mi) long.

Leine near Nordstemmen
Leine
The Leine near Sarstedt-Ruthe
Course of the Leine
Location
CountryGermany
StatesThuringia and Lower Saxony
Reference no.DE: 488
Physical characteristics
Source 
  locationIn Leinefelde in the Eichsfeld
  elevation340 m above sea level (NN)
Mouth 
  location
Near Schwarmstedt into the Aller at km 52.26[1]
  coordinates
52°43′22″N 9°35′38″E
  elevation
25 m above sea level (NN)
Length281 km (175 mi)
Basin size6,517 km2 (2,516 sq mi) [2]
Discharge 
  locationat Göttingen gauge
  average5.3 m3/s (190 cu ft/s)
Discharge 
  locationGreene
  average32.0 m3/s (1,130 cu ft/s)
Discharge 
  locationHerrenhausen
  average52.3 m3/s (1,850 cu ft/s)
Discharge 
  locationSchwarmstedt
  average61.7 m3/s (2,180 cu ft/s)
Basin features
ProgressionAllerWeserNorth Sea
Landmarks
Tributaries 
  leftEspolde, Ilme, Saale, Haller, Westaue
  rightGarte, Rhume, Aue, Gande, Innerste, Auter

The river's source is located close to the town of Leinefelde in Thuringia. About 40 km (25 mi) downriver, the river enters Lower Saxony and runs northwards.

Important towns along its course, from upstream to downstream, are Göttingen, Einbeck, Alfeld, and Gronau, before the river enters Hanover, the largest city on its banks. Downstream some 40 km (25 mi) north of Hanover, near Schwarmstedt, the river joins the Aller and reaches the North Sea via the Weser. Its northern (lower) reaches are only navigable today by the smallest commercial carriers, though in the past, it served as an important pre-railway barge transport artery as far upriver as Göttingen.

The river is somewhat polluted by industry, so the water is not used for drinking, but the pollution has never been severe enough to prevent fish from living in it. Like many western rivers since the 1960s, it has enjoyed increasingly cleaner waters since the implementation of environmental controls. Sport fishing is enjoyed from small boats and along the banks, although yields are normally low.

At least one point of the river (Göttingen) is partially diverted into a canal that runs more or less parallel to the river.

In fiction

In his 1986 bestseller Red Storm Rising, author Tom Clancy uses the Leine as a major obstacle to the Soviet Union's Red Army drive to the Rhine and the North Sea ports of the Netherlands and Belgium through West Germany.

See also

References

Further reading

  • Uwe Schmida: Die Leine - Eine fotografische Reise. ISBN 3-00-020567-5
  • Gerd Lüttig: Neue Ergebnisse quartärgeologischer Forschung im Raume Alfeld-Hameln-Elze. In: Geologisches Jahrbuch vol. 77, page 337–390. Hannover, June 1960.
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