Leonora King

Leonora Annetta Howard was the daughter of Peter T. and Dorothy E. Howard. She was born in Lansdowne, County Leeds, Canada West (Ontario), March 17, 1851. She was raised in Farmersville (now Athens). She was educated in Athens, Ontario and in New York. She qualified for and served as a teacher.[3]

King was unable to attend medical school in Canada and received her medical degree from the University of Michigan in 1876.[4][5]

After joining the Women's Foreign Missionary Society of the American Methodist Episcopal Missionary Society,[5][6] she left for China in 1877 where she was a missionary doctor with the American Methodist Episcopal Missionary Society in the northern Chinese province of Chihli.[7] She took up her residence alongside Lucinda L. Combs the first female physician to serve in China stationed by the Women's Foreign Missionary Society in Peking around August 1887. The pair worked together for a three months before Miss Combs relocated to Kiukiang.[8]

In August, 1879, King attended Lady Li, the wife of Li Hung Chang, then seriously ill, in Tien-Tsin. On Lady Li's recovery, she remained in Tien-Tsin, in practice with the use of a temple being given to her for the purpose. She founded, in Tien-Tsin, the Methodist Episcopal Mission Hospital in 1880. In 1885 King opened a medical school for Chinese women and girls who had been educated in mission schools. In 1886, Lady Li built King another hospital, which was later known as Government Hospital for Women and Children, Tien-Tsin, China. During the war between China and Japan, Dr. Howard opened her hospital to wounded soldiers as opposed to women and children.[3] At the close of the war, King the first Western woman, was made a Mandarin an honour of the Imperial Chinese Order of the Double Dragon.[1]

In 1884, she married Rev. Alexander King, a member of the London Missionary Society.[5][9]

• In 2000, she was inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame.[7]
• In 2004, she was inducted into the American Medical Women's Association’s International Women in Medicine Hall of Fame.[1]

• Negodaeff-Tomsik, Margaret (1999). Honour Due: The Story of Dr. Leonora Howard King. Canadian Medical Association. ISBN 978-0-920169-33-9.
• Negodaeff, Margaret (2005). "Howard, Leonora Annetta (King)". In Cook, Ramsay; Bélanger, Réal (eds.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. XV (1921–1930) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.