List of Muslim military leaders

Entries in this chronological list of Muslim military leaders are accompanied by dates of birth and death, branch of Islam, country of birth, field of study, campaigns fought and a short biographical description. The list includes notable conquerors, generals and admirals from early Islamic history to the 21st century.

Muslim military leaders
  • Ali ibn Abi Talib, one of the earliest followers and the beloved cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad. Known as " The Lion of Allah". He participated in most of the battles during the lifetime of Muhammad. He was the forth caliph of the Rashidun caliphate.
  • Umar ibn Khattab, Umar, also spelled Omar, was one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs in history. He was a senior companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was the second caliph of Islam.
  • Khalid ibn al-Walid (585–642): Also known as "The Sword of God", he participated in several dozen battles during the conquest of the Arabian Peninsula, the Ridda Wars, and Islamic conquests of Persia and Syria, including the Yamamah, Firaz, and Yarmouk.[1]
  • Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqās (595-674): A commander involved in leading the Muslim conquest of Persia.
  • Hasan ibn Ali The son of Ali-ibn-Abu Talib, was the 2 Imam of Islam was truly loved by Muhammad. Hassan was poisoned to death. His dead body was shot by arrows until he bled. Hasan was known for donating to the poor, his kindness to the poor and bondmen, and for his knowledge, tolerance and bravery. Hassan is buried in a cemetery called Janat ul Baqi in Madina.
  • Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib c.566–625: Also known as "Lion of God", Muhammad gave him the title Sayyid-ush-Shuhda ("Chief of the Martyrs").
  • Husayn ibn Ali 8 January 626–10 October 680: He was the son of Ali Ibni Talib and a grandson of Muhammad, who refused to pledge allegiance to Yazid. On 10 October 680 (Muharram 10, 61 AH), he and a small group including his family members of followers fought a large army. Husayn and all of his men were beheaded at the Battle of Karbala, he fought chivalrously and bravely, against almost 4,000-30,000 Umayyad soldier. He participated in his fathers' battles such as Nahrawan and Siffin and Battle of the Camel etc.. He was known for his patience, kindness, and generosity. He is buried in Karbala where more than 17,000,000 people go to pay respects at his grave during Muharram.
  • Abbas ibn Ali
  • 'Amr ibn al-'As (592–664) day: Known as a shrewd politician and general, he is most noted for leading the Muslim conquest of Egypt in 640.
  • Uqba bin Nafe: He led a Muslim army in northern Africa.
  • Musa bin Nusair 640–716: An Umayyad governor and general in North Africa.
  • Al-Hajjaj bin Yousef 661–714: An Umayyad administrator of Iraq.
  • Al-Muthanna ibn Haritha was a Muslim Arab general in the army of the Rashidun Caliphate.
  • Al-Qaqa ibn Amr al-Tamimi was an Arab general in the army of the Rashidun Caliphate.
  • Mukhtar al-Thaqafi c.622– March 687: Born in al-Ṭaʾif, now in Saudi Arabia, he was an early Shia Islamic revolutionary based in Kufa, Iraq, who led an abortive rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphs in vengeance for the death of Husayn ibn 'Ali at the Battle of Karbala.
  • Nusaybah Bint Ka'ab was the first Muslim woman warrior, fought various battles, protected prophet Muhammad during Battle of Uhud.

8th century

9th century

10th century

11th century

12th century
Saladin and Guy of Lusignan after Battle of Hattin

13th century

Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu Defeated the mongols in the battle of parwan and the father of Qutuz

14th century
  • Bayezid I: The victor at the Battle of Nicopolis
  • Zheng He 1371–1433: A Chinese mariner, explorer and admiral who was born into a Muslim family but embraced a broader ranging religious faith later.
Sultan Mehmed II's entry into Constantinople

15th century

16th century
Suleiman with army

17th century
  • Aurangzeb: Also known as Aurangzeb Alamgir, he was the 6th Mughal Emperor who expanded the Mughal Empire to its largest extent.
  • Murad IV: Rejuvenated the Ottoman Empire with reforms and reconquered the city of Yerevan and Baghdad.
  • Zulfiqar Khan Nusrat Jung: Son of a renowned nobleman of Emperor Aurangzeb. He held several appointments under Emperor Aurangzeb in the Mughal Empire.
  • Daud Khan Panni: He was a Mughal commander, Nawab of the Carnatic and later Viceroy of Deccan. The Emperor Aurangzeb appointed him as a leading commander of the Mughal Army in 1701, while Zulfikhar Ali Khan was the Nawab.

18th century
  • Nadir Shah 1688–1747: Also known as Nadir Qoli Beg and Tahmasp-Qoli Khan, he was Shah of Iran and a military leader.
  • Ahmad Shah Durrani 1722–1772: He was the founder of the Durrani dynasty and is regarded as the founder of the modern state of Afghanistan. He is best known for his victory against the Maratha at the Battle of Panipat (1761).
  • Hyder Ali 1722–1782
  • Imam Shamil 1797–1871: An Avar (from modern-day Dagestan) who is considered both a political and religious leader for Chechens, Dagestanis, and Caucasians.
  • Tipu Sultan 1750–1799): Also known as the Tiger of Mysore, he was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore. He fought against the British Empire and was defeated and martyred at Seringapatam on 4 May 1799.

19th century

20th century

See also
  • Rules of war in Islam
  • Jihad

References
  1. Akram, Agha Ibrahim (2004), The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed – His Life and Campaigns, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-597714-9, p. 93
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