List of crossings of the Upper Passaic River

The Upper Passaic River in New Jersey is the section of the Passaic River above the Dundee Dam, including the Great Falls. The entire river flows for 81 miles from its river's source in Mendham to the river mouth at Newark Bay in the northeastern part of the state.[1] The Passaic traverses 45 municipalities, and its watershed provides drinking water for more than 3.5 million people in the region.[2][3] The midpoint of the upper river generally delineates the Passaic-Bergen, Passaic-Essex, Essex-Morris, Morris-Union and sections of the Morris-Somerset county lines.

Passaic River Bridge

There are over 110 crossings along the lower and upper river[4][5][6][7] including vehicular[8][9] and rail bridges.[8][10] The upper reaches are also crossed by footbridges, dams, culverts, and a pre-colonial weir. In the colonial era the first bridge along the lower reaches was at Bridge Street in Newark[11] and the first over the upper river was Totowa Bridge, constructed before 1737.[12] The creation of Society for Establishing Useful Manufactures in 1791[13][14] began a period of development of cities and industries along the river. The emergence of the early railroads in the state led to further industrialization and urbanization and many rail bridges.[15] The flood of 1903 caused damage or destruction of most bridges in the vicinity of Paterson.[16][17] The advent of the automobile age and suburbanization in the early and mid-20th century saw the construction of highway bridges in northern New Jersey.[15][18]

At the Great Falls

Existing crossings of the Lower Passaic are PD Draw, Lincoln Highway Passaic River Bridge, Pulaski Skyway, Point-No-Point Bridge, Chaplain Washington Bridge, Harry Laderman Bridge, Jackson Street Bridge, Dock Bridge, Bridge Street Bridge, Newark Drawbridge, William A. Stickel Memorial Bridge, Clay Street Bridge, NX Bridge, WR Draw, Belleville Turnpike Bridge, Avondale Bridge, Lyndhurst Draw, Route 3 Passaic River Crossing, Union Avenue Bridge, Gregory Avenue Bridge, Market Street Bridge, Eighth Street Bridge, Passaic Street Bridge, Monroe Street Bridge and Veterans Bridge.[19][9][10]

Power transmission lines pass over the river several times. The Public Service Electric and Gas Company (PSE&G) Northern Inner Ring Transmission Line runs from Metuchen Substation to Athenia Substation in Clifton via Roseland Substation and also includes right of way from Roseland Substation to West Orange Substation. The Pennsylvania-New Jersey Interconnection (PJM Interconnection) Bushkill to Roseland Transmission Line extends from Roseland to Hardwick Township in Warren County.[20] Jersey Central Power and Light also has lines across the river.

Crossings

Crossing Image Dates Type Carries/Carried Locale/Municipality Coordinates NBI/FRA code Notes References
Dundee Dam

1861 dam Clifton -
Garfield
40°53′01″N 74°07′36″W NJRHP #22327 (SHPO) [21]
Garden State Parkway Garden State Parkway
milepoint 158.28
Clifton -
Elmwood Park
40°53′23″N 74°07′47″W 361582T NJTA [8][22][23]
Passaic River Bridge
aka Crooks Avenue Bridge
site of Weasel Bridge
c.1937
1995 rebuild
open spandrel
(false concrete arch;true steel girder)
U.S. Route 46
milepoint 63.95
Clifton-
Paterson -
Elmwood Park
40°53′38″N 74°07′44″W 1607168 Morris Goodkind
NJDOT
Cedar Lawn Cemetery
NJRHP #2330 (SHPO) (breakout)
[24][8][25][26][27]
[28][29][30]
Route 46 1955 culvert U.S. Route 46
milepoint 64.52
Elmwood Park 40°53′36″N 74°07′07″W 0220152 over branch of the Passaic [8][27][25][31]
Christopher Columbus Highway
1964
1969
Interstate 80
milepoint 60.47
Paterson -
Elmwood Park
40°54′07″N 74°08′00″W 1610152 NJDOT [8][32]
Market Street Bridge 1903 lost flood
1923
2005 replace
Market Street
CR 448
CR 56
40°54′09″N 74°08′00″W 020011C [8][31][33]
NYS&W
milepost 18.00
c.1937 rail New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway 40°54′15″N 74°07′57″W 6150??? NJ Midland
Passaic–Bergen Rail Line
[34]
Broadway Bridge
1903 Bridge
1988 Bridge
1903 lost flood
1931
1988 rebuilt
arch NJ Route 4
milepoint 0.17
Broadway
Public Service
40°55′06″N 74°07′49″W 0205150 NJDOT
North Jersey Rapid Transit
[8][31][35][36]
[37][38]
Morlot Avenue Bridge 1890 lost flood
1904 new
1976 rehab
2009 replace
open truss Morlot Avenue
33rd Street
CR 651
Paterson - Fair Lawn 40°55′27″N 74°08′25″W 020017E [8][31][39][40]
Fair Lawn Avenue Bridge
aka Fifth Avenue Bridge
1905
1967 rehab
2018 replace (planned)
through truss bridge Fair Lawn Avenue
Fifth Avenue
40°56′02″N 74°08′23″W 1600009 Scheduled for replacement 2020[41] [8][42][43][44]
[45][46][47]
Fair Lawn-Paterson Fish Weir weir 40°56′11″N 74°08′26″W Acquackanonk tribe
Slooterdam
[48][49]
Maple Avenue Bridge
replaced Wagaraw Bridge
1907
1992 rehab
County Route 507 40°56′26″N 74°08′38″W 1600010 [8][45][50]
Lincoln Avenue Bridge
replaced Moffat Bridge
1903 lost flood
1926
1993 rebuilt
stringer Lincoln Avenue
County Route 504
Paterson - Hawthorne 40°56′30″N 74°08′53″W 1600011 [8][45][17][51]
NYS&W Bridge 1869 original rail New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway 40°56′17″N 74°09′14″W 6150??? NJ MIdland
Passaic–Bergen Rail Line
[52][34]
Main Line
milepost 17.34
1848 original rail
Pratt through truss
NJT Main Line
EL
Erie Main Line
Newark Branch.
40°56′14″N 74°09′26″W 4003???
NJRHP #252 (SHPO)
[8][53][52][34]
Sixth Avenue Bridge c.1900
1987 rehab
pony truss North Sixth Street
CR 652
Paterson -
Prospect Park
40°56′03″N 74°10′00″W 1600012 [8][45][54][55]
Hillman Street Bridge 1902 lost to flood
1907 lost to flood
arch replaced
footbridge
Paterson 40°55′47″N 74°09′55″W [56][57]
Straight Street Bridge 1907
2003 restored
Pennsylvania (petit) truss Straight Street
North Bridge Street
CR 650
40°55′35″N 74°09′58″W 1600014 [8][45][58][59][60]
Arch Street Bridge 1905
2008 rehab
Parker truss Arch Street 40°55′24″N 74°10′12″W 1600015 Public Service [8][45][60][61]
Main Street
aka Temple Street Bridge
1905 Bridge
1998 Bridge
1905
1998 rebuilt
Main Street 40°55′20″N 74°10′22″W 1600016 [8]
Totowa Bridge pre 1737
?? removed
wooden 40°55′18″N 74°10′28″W Acquackanonk Bridge [62][12]
West Broadway Bridge 1897
2004 restore
Melan type concrete arch Paterson-Hamburg Turnpike
West Broadway
County Route 509
CR 673
40°55′16″N 74°10′30″W 1600017 NJRHP #3959 (SHPO) [8][45][63][64]
Mulberry Street
aka Alfano Island Bridge
to Alfano Island 40°55′13″N 74°10′32″W
Footbridge
(proposed)
pedestrian path
bike path
over Alfano Island 40°55′09″N 74°10′38″W [65]
Chasm Bridge
Paterson Great Falls National Historical Park
1827
1844
1868
1888
1944
utility
footbridge
(former)
water pipes and pedestrian path 40°54′58″N 74°10′52″W NJRHP #2362
NRHP #7000391
original known as Clinton Btidge[66][67]
Footbridge
Paterson Great Falls National Historical Park

1971 footbridge pedestrian path 40°54′58″N 74°10′52″W NJRHP #2362
NRHP #7000391
[68][69]
Island Dam
aka SUM Dam
c.1794
1840
dam 40°54′56″N 74°10′55″W Society for Establishing Useful Manufactures
NJRHP #2362
NRHP #7000391
[70]
Footbridge
at Paterson Great Falls National Historical Park
footbridge pedestrian path 40°54′55″N 74°10′53″W over cove of Passaic
NJRHP #2362
NRHP #7000391
Wayne Avenue 1985 opened
2018 rebuilt (planned)
Wayne Avenue
CR 673
40°54′55″N 74°10′55″W 1600018 [8][71]
Spruce Street Bridge
c.1931
1985 replaced
40°54′53″N 74°10′56″W 1600018 [72]
Westside Park Footbridge
Postcard View
footbridge pedestrian path 40°54′44″N 74°11′08″W
Lincoln Bridge removed over island
Paterson, Passaic and Rutherford Electric Railway
40°54′29″N 74°11′44″W Lido Venice Club (closed) [73][74][75][76]
Glover Avenue Bridge Glover Avenue
CR 636
Paterson &
Woodland Park -
Totowa
40°54′27″N 74°11′45″W 16002020 Holy Sepulchre Cemetery [8]
Hillery Street Bridge
1898 Bridge Postcard View
1973 Bridge
2009 Bridge
1898
1973 rehab
2009 rehab
Pratt pony truss Hillery Street
Totowa Road
CR 644
Totowa - Woodland Park 40°54′15″N 74°12′02″W 1600039 [8][77][78]
Paterson High Bridge
milepost 18.00
1964 removed rail
Plate girder
Boonton Branch
Erie-Lackawanna Railroad
DL&W
40°53′47″N 74°12′04″W [79]
Christopher Columbus Highway 1964
2009 repaired
Interstate 80
milepoint 56.34
40°53′46″N 74°12′05″W 1610153 NJDOT [8][32][80]
Lackawanna Avenue

1894
1965 rehab
1976 rehab
Lackawanna Avenue
part of original westbound Route 46
40°53′30″N 74°13′05″W 1600021 [8][28]
Passaic Valley Water Commission

utility Passaic Valley Water Commission water main 40°53′27″N 74°13′09″W [81]
Passaic River Bridge

1939
1998 rehab
open spandrel U.S. Route 46
milepoint 57.94
Totowa -
Little Falls
40°53′25″N 74°13′12″W 1606158 Morris Goodkind
NJDOT
[8][26][28][27][82]
Passaic Valley Water Commission utility PVWC water main 40°52′59″N 74°13′52″W [10]
Little Falls Water Treatment Plant c1925 access road Totowa 40°52′59″N 74°13′52″W
Little Falls Aqueduct 1828
c1925 remove
stone arch
navigable aqueduct
Morris Canal Totowa -
Little Falls
40°52′59″N 74°13′52″W [83][84]
Union Avenue Bridge
replaced Beatties Bridge
1850
1890
1966
1995
covered (original) Union Avenue
CR 646
over uninhabited island
Little Falls
Wayne
40°53′01″N 74°13′59″W 1600022 Little Falls Station
NJ Route 62
[8][67]
Union Avenue Union Avenue
CR 646
over uninhabited island
Totowa
Wayne
40°53′04″N 74°13′57″W 1600022 NJ Route 62 [85]
Beatties Dam
Little Falls
1899 dam Totowa -
Little Falls
40°53′03″N 74°14′04″W [1]
Montclair-Boonton Line
milepost 19.43
4004??? rail Montclair-Boonton Line (NJT)
New York and Greenwood Lake Railway (Erie)
Singac,
Little Falls -
Wayne
40°53′18″N 74°14′45″W [8][86][87]
Newark-Pompton Turnpike 1916
1988 rehab
concrete arch Newark-Pompton Turnpike
NJ Route 23
milepoint 4.52
40°53′16″N 74°14′48″W 1604150 [8][88]
Route 46 Passaic River Bridge
dual bridges
1927 EB

1951 WB
2008 rehab

U.S. Route 46
milepoint 55.45
Wayne - Fairfield Township 40°53′33″N 74°15′57″W 0722157
0722158
Morris Goodkind
NJDOT
[8][28][27][89]
Christopher Columbus Highway
dual bridges
1967
1988 rehab
Interstate 80
milepoint 52.87
40°53′39″N 74°16′00″W 0726155 EB
0726156 WB
NJDOT [8][32][89]
Two Bridges Road

1928 Two Bridges Road Fairfield Township -
Lincoln Park
40°53′50″N 74°16′22″W 070M060 William A. Stickel
At the confluence with the Pompton River
[8][89]
Horseneck Road Bridge 1906
2000 replace
Horseneck Road Fairfield Township - Montville 40°52′56″N 74°20′24″W 1400282 [8][90][91][92]
Christopher Columbus Highway
dual bridges
EB
WB
1968 stringer/multi-beam or girder Interstate 80
milepoint 48.46
Fairfield Township - Montville 40°52′04″N 74°19′52″W 1415157 EB
1415158 WB
Great Piece Meadows
NJDOT
[8][32][93]
Route 46 Passaic River Bridge 1940
2008 rebuilt
U.S. Route 46
milepoint 51.85
Fairfield Township - Pine Brook, Montville 40°51′45″N 74°19′16″W 1410159 Great Piece Meadows
NJDOT
[8][28][27][94]
Pine Brook Bridge
dual bridges
EB
WB
c.1940
1981 reenforce
Bloomfield Avenue
NJ Route 159 milepoint 0.32
40°51′31″N 74°19′09″W 1430152 EB
1430153 WB
Great Piece Meadows [8][91][95][90]
Old Bloomfield Road 1921 stringer Bloomfield Avenue Pine Brook, Montville 40°51′35″N 74°19′39″W 1410433 over a branch of the Passaic [8][90]
Route 46
NJ Route 159
dual bridges
1940
1921
stringer Bloomfield Avenue
U.S. Route 46
milepoint 51.54
NJ Route 159 milepoint 0.25
40°51′33″N 74°19′39″W 1431051 EB
1410158 WB
over a branch of the Passaic [8][28][27][95][90]
Essex Freeway
dual bridges
Interstate 280
milepoint 3.32
West Essex Park, Roseland -
East Hanover
40°49′50″N 74°19′47″W 1410155 EB
1410154 WB
[8][96]
Eagle Rock Avenue Bi-County Bridge
replaced Swinefield Bridge
1968
2015 rebuilt
Eagle Rock Avenue
Lenape Trail
CR 611
40°49′39″N 74°20′06″W 1400443 [8][91][97][98]
Morristown and Erie Railway rail ME rail spur Roseland -
East Hanover
40°49′06″N 74°20′04″W 6155??? Beaufort Station
Route 10
1931 Bridge
1931
2014-17 rebuilt
NJ Route 10
milepoint 17.6-17.9
Livingston -
East Hanover
40°48′02″N 74°21′32″W 1402153 [8][94][99][100]
Hanover Cook Bridge
1800s Bridge
1920 Bridge
1920 Newark and Mount Pleasant Turnpike
Old Mt. Pleasant Avenue
40°48′00″N 74°21′35″W 070M063 William A. Stickel [8][101]
Columbia Turnpike
South Orange Avenue
Columbia Turnpike
South Orange Avenue
County Route 510
Livingston -
Florham Park & Hanover
40°46′45″N 74°22′08″W 1400447 [8]
Eisenhower Parkway unbuilt Triborough Road Chatham - Livingston 40°45′30″N 74°22′31″W
Passaic Avenue 1925

1969 redecked

Passaic Avenue
CR 607
Florham Park - Millburn 40°45′21″N 74°21′41″W 070M065 [8]
Route 24 1975 culvert NJ Route 24
milepoint 5.98
Chatham 40°44′34″N 74°22′14″W 1422161 over branch of the Passaic [8][94][102]
Route 24
dual bridges
1971 NJ Route 24
milepoint 6.52
Chatham - Millburn 40°44′34″N 74°22′14″W 1733154 EB
1733153 WB
[8][89][102]
Main Street

westbound
NJ Route 124 40°44′22″N 74°22′18″W 1406157 [8]
Main Street
Morris Turnpike

eastbound
1874
1909
Main Street
Morris Turnpike
NJ Route 124
40°44′21″N 74°22′18″W 1406158 Hobart Gap [8][94][103]
Edwards Mill Bridge 1916 concrete arch Summit Avenue Chatham -
Summit
(Passaic River Parkway)
40°44′04″N 74°22′39″W 1400514 [8][94][104][105]
Bonnel's Bridge 1925 stringer Watchung Avenue
CR 646
40°43′44″N 74°22′45″W 1400515 Shunpike Road [8][94]
Morristown Line
milepost 22.31
rail Morristown Line (NJT)
EL
DL&W
Morris and Essex
40°43′33″N 74°23′13″W 4006??? NJRHP #234 (SHPO)
NJT # 319
[8]
Spillway Dam spillway dam 40°43′34″N 74°23′21″W [94]
Page Mill Bridge 1929 stringer Stanley Avenue 40°43′34″N 74°23′23″W 1400516 [8][94]
Mt. Vernon Avenue 1906
1974 rehab
1989 rehab
steel through girder Mt. Vernon Avenue 40°43′13″N 74°23′27″W 1400520 [8]
Passaic Street Passaic Street Chatham -
New Providence
(Passaic River Parkway)
40°42′48″N 74°24′26″W 2011060 [8][106]
Central Avenue
Fairmont Avenue
1928 stringer Central Avenue
Fairmont Avenue
40°42′06″N 74°25′37″W 2011062 [8][85]
Bridge Avenue
Snyder Avenue
1927 stringer Bridge Avenue
Snyder Avenue
Chatham -
Berkeley Heights
40°41′23″N 74°26′23″W 2001001 [8][85]
Valley Road
Springfield Avenue
1936 girder Valley Road
Springfield Avenue
CR 512
Berkeley Heights
(Passaic River Parkway) -
Gillette,
Long Hill Township
40°40′47″N 74°27′06″W 2001017 [8][85]
Gladstone Branch
milepost 26.27
rail Gladstone Branch (NJT)
EL
DL&W
40°40′47″N 74°27′06″W 4009??? aka Townley Bridge
Morris and Essex Railroad
New Jersey West Line Railroad
[8][107]
Hillcrest Road
Mountain Avenue
1998 stringer Mountain Avenue
Hillcrest Road
County Route 531
Gillette,
Long Hill Township -
Warren Township
40°40′14″N 74°27′52″W 18L1109 [8][108]
Stirling Road
Plainfield Road
1993 slab Stirling Road
Plainfield Road
CR 653
Long Hill Township -
Warren Township
40°39′58″N 74°28′56″W 18L1108 [8][108]
Valley Road 1930-31 stringer Valley Road
County Route 512
Millington,
Long Hill Township -
Bernards Township
40°39′53″N 74°31′47″W 18H1110 [8][108][109]
Stonehouse Road Bridge
1923 Bridge
2009 Bridge
1923
2009 replace
arch
Stonehouse Rd.
Haas Road
40°40′16″N 74°31′33″W 1400540 Millington Station [8][94][110]
Millington High Bridge
milepost 30.47

1928 rail Gladstone Branch (NJT)
EL
DL&W
40°40′39″N 74°31′40″W 4009??? Morris and Essex Railroad
New Jersey West Line Railroad
NJT #104
[8][111]
Davis Bridge South Maple Avenue
Basking Ridge Road
CR 657
40°40′53″N 74°31′43″W 1400541 [8][94][112]
White Bridge 1890
1952 reinforce
Lord Stirling Road
White Bridge Road
Lord Stirling Park
Millington,
Long Hill Township -
Basking Ridge
40°41′40″N 74°30′52″W 1400563 Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge [8][113]
Osborn Pond Dam Dam Bernards Township -

Harding Township

40°43′16″N 74°31′56″W
Madisonville Road
Lee's Hill Road
1975 box beam Lee's Hill Road
Madisonville Road
40°43′16″N 74°31′55″W 18H1305 [8][108]
Interstate 287
dual bridges
NB
SB
NB 1968
SB 1966
culvert Interstate 287
milepoint 30.17
Marine Hector Cafferata Jr. Congressional Medal of Honor Highway
40°43′55″N 74°32′16″W 1815182 NB
1815183 SB
[8][108][114]
Mt. Kemble Avenue
Morristown Road
1924 Bridge
1924

2012 rebuilt

Mt. Kemble Avenue
Morristown Road
US Route 202
milepoint 39.06
40°44′01″N 74°32′24″W 1809158 [8][108][115][116][117]
Van Dorans Mill Dam milldam 40°44′00″N 74°32′34″W
Hardscrabble Road Extension private way Harding Township 40°44′26″N 74°32′56″W At confluence with Indian Grove Brook
Patriots' Path footbridge Patriots' Path Bernardsville 40°45′07″N 74°33′05″W Morristown National Historical Park
New Jersey Brigade Encampment Site
NJRHP #3381
NRHP #66000053
[118]
Leddell Road
Jockey Hollow Road
culvert Leddell Road
Jockey Hollow Road
40°45′25″N 74°33′18″W 1400658 [8]
Leddell Road Leddell Road Mendham Township 40°45′40″N 74°33′15″W
Tempe Wick Road Tempe Wick Road
CR 646
40°45′58″N 74°33′16″W [119]
Ledells Dam
aka Washington Corners Dam
milldam 40°45′59″N 74°33′16″W NJRHP #5410
NJRHP #316
NRHP #00000959
Tempe Wick Road-Washington Corners Historic District
Tributary sources in vicinity of
West Morris Mendham High School
[120][121]
Corey Lane Corey Lane 40°46′09″N 74°33′41″W
Tempe Wick Road Tempe Wick Road
CR 646
40°46′18″N 74°34′11″W [2][3][1]
Corey Lane culvert Corey Lane 40°45′51″N 74°34′32″W
Hardscrabble Road culvert Hardscrabble Road Mendham Borough 40°45′46″N 74°34′37″W

Abbreviations and definitions

See also

The course and watershed of the Passaic and area of the prehistoric Lake Passaic

Sources

References

  1. Cowen, Richard (May 6, 2007). "Not-so-old-man river" (PDF). The Record. Retrieved November 7, 2016.
  2. "Streams of the Great Swamp Watershed: Upper Passaic River". Great Swamp Watershed Association. Retrieved November 2, 2016.
  3. "2011 – 2015 Business Plan" (PDF). Passaic River Coalition. 2010. Retrieved October 31, 2016. The source of the Passaic River begins near Mendham Township where small streams come together to form a brook running along the edge of Mendham High School's athletic field. It continues through open farm land and eventually collects water from eight counties in New Jersey and two in New York. Forty-five municipalities line its banks as it flows into Newark Bay and the whole watershed contains 118 municipalities. The river is about 81 miles long; the 935-square mile watershed is the primary water supply for over three and a half million people and major industries.
  4. "Crossings". tools.wmflabs.org. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  5. "Crossings". tools.wmflabs.org. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  6. "Lower Passiac River". Google Maps. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  7. "Upper Passiac River". Google Maps. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  8. "Interim Bridge Report" (PDF). NJDOT. August 9, 2007. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
  9. Federal Highway Administration (n.d.). "New Jersey". National Bridge Inventory. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved December 10, 2016 via Uglybridges.
  10. "New Jersey Coverage Map". Bridgehunter. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  11. Olsen, Kevin K. (2008), A Great Conveniency A Maritime History of the Passaic River, Hackensack River, and Newark Bay, American History Imprints, ISBN 9780975366776
  12. Nelson, William; Shriner, Charles Antony (1920), History of Paterson and Its Environs (the Silk City), 2, Lewis Historical Publishing Company, p. 169, ISBN 9785877307438
  13. "History of Development". PVWC. Retrieved November 7, 2016.
  14. Friends of the Great Falls Archived February 14, 2004, at the Wayback Machine S.U.M.
  15. "New Jersey Historic Bridge Survey" (PDF). NJDOT. September 1994. Retrieved November 7, 2016. Within the epoch of New Jersey's transportation history from the 17th century to 1945, two periods stand out as extraordinary for their rapid pace of change and growth. The first, running from about 1800 to 1860, saw internal improvements and technological advances such as turnpikes, canals, and railroads. They were all aimed at greater capacity, speed, directness, flexibility, and regularity of service than could be achieved by earlier modes of river navigation and overland travel. Historian George Rogers Taylor has quite correctly called 1800-1860 the "transportation revolution." The second extraordinary period of transportation growth occurred from 1919 to 1936, and was, in terms of historian Bruce Seely, "the golden age of highway building." During this period, New Jersey's road and highway bridges were substantially modernized to handle modern load requirements and increased volume of vehicular traffic. The result was to shift emphasis from railroads to highways.
  16. Ensslin, John C. (September 2, 2011). "1903 flood still ranks as North Jersey's worst". The Record. Archived from the original on November 16, 2016. Retrieved November 14, 2016.
  17. Leighton, Marshall Ora (1904). "The Passaic Flood Of 1903" (PDF). Government Printing Office. p. 23. Retrieved November 9, 2016. The bridges crossing Passaic River in Passaic, Essex, and Bergen counties were almost completely destroyed, and the damage amounted to $654,811. Within the limits of Paterson, below Great Falls, all of the highway bridges except two were either severely damaged or completely carried away. West street bridge, the first below the falls, was a Melan concrete, steel-arch structure, built in 1897, and costing $65,000. It was composed of three spans, each about 90 feet long. The flood practically split two spans longitudinally, the upstream side of each, equal to about one-third of the width of the bridge, being carried away. This structure was built to conform to the established grades of streets on both sides of the river and was completely inundated, forming a barrier for floating débris and practically making a dam in the river. Main street bridge is a 3-span, steel-arch structure, which was completely covered during the flood, but was only slightly injured. Arch street bridge, built in 1902 to take the place of a structure carried away by the March flood, was a concrete-arch bridge of three spans. It was undermined at the north pier and collapsed, being practically destroyed. The original cost of this bridge was $34,000. Its piers presented a serious obstruction to the flow of the stream, especially as the channel is very narrow at this point. In addition to this, the bridge was of low grade and admirably adapted for deterring flood flow. Below Arch street bridge all the other structures crossing the Passaic were of iron and were carried away, with the exception of Sixth avenue and Wesel bridges. Those destroyed were designated as follows: Straight street, Hillman street, Moffat, Wagaraw, Fifth avenue, East Thirty-third street, and Broadway bridges. All these structures were built too low, and were inundated during the early stages of the flood.
  18. KSK Architects (January 2011). "New Jersey Historic Roadway Study" (PDF). NJDOT, NJSHPO, FHWA. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  19. "Bridges over the Passaic River". Passaic River Basin. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
  20. "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places". New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection - Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
  21. Historic American Engineering Record (1968). "Dundee Canal Industrial Historic District, Beginning at George Street in Passaic & extending north along Dundee Canal approximately 1.2 miles to Canal headgates opposite East Clifton Avenue in Clifton, Passaic, Passaic County, NJ". Library of Congress. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
  22. New Jersey Turnpike Authority (2013), Garden State Parkway, Arcadia Publishing Company, ISBN 9781439643600
  23. "Garden State Parkway straight line diagram" (PDF). NJDOT. Retrieved November 13, 2016.
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