List of longest ski jumps
Ski jumping is a winter sport in which athletes compete on distance and style in a jump from a ski jumping hill. The sport has traditionally focused on a combination of style and distance, and it was therefore early seen as unimportant in many milieus to have the longest jump.[1] The International Ski Federation (Fédération Internationale de Ski; FIS) has largely been opposed to the inflation in hill sizes and setting of distance records, and no world records have been set at Olympic, World Championship, Holmenkollen Ski Festival or Four Hills Tournament events, as these have never been among the largest hills in the world.
Since 1936, when the first jump beyond 100 metres (330 ft) was made, all world records in the sport have been made in the discipline of ski flying, an offshoot of ski jumping using larger hills where distance is explicitly emphasised. As of March 2017, the official world record for the longest ski jump is 253.5 m (832 ft), set by Stefan Kraft at Vikersundbakken in Vikersund, Norway. Two years prior, also in Vikersund, Dmitry Vassiliev reached 254 m (833 ft) but fell upon landing; his jump is unofficially the longest ever made.[2]
History
Ski jumping originated in Norway, and has been practiced since time immemorial, using handmade temporary hills.[3] The first record is credited to Olaf Rye, a Norwegian-Danish soldier, who set up a show spectated by his fellow soldiers in 1808, on an improvised handmade hill, reaching 9.4 metres (15 alen) in Eidsberg, Norway. This small hill was probably near Eidsberg church, possibly at the farm Lekum.[4]
Sondre Norheim, credited as the 'father' of modern skiing,[5] made the second official record at 19.5 metres (64 ft) in 1868. Tim Ashburn says in his book The History of Ski Jumping that Norheim's longest jump on the circular track in Haugli ground in 1868 should have been measured at 9.4 metres alen[6] but that newspapers in Christiania reported that the length "was a little exaggerated", so the official record is everywhere written as 19.5 m.
The sport quickly spread to Finland, the United States and Canada, where some of the subsequent records were set.[7] Early jumping competitions were only scored by style, and it was seen as disruptive to attempt to jump further.[1] Not until 1901 was a scoring system for distance introduced.[8] With the construction of Bloudkova Velikanka in Planica, Yugoslavia, in 1934,[9] the separate discipline of ski flying was introduced, which is essentially an 'extreme' version of ski jumping.
With one exception, all of the world records for distance have been set on five of the world's six ski flying hills, of which five remain in use.[10] In 1936, Josef "Sepp" Bradl was the first to surpass the 100 metres (330 ft) mark, landing a jump of 101.5 metres (333 ft).[11] The FIS was long opposed to ski flying as a whole, and it has never been included in the Olympic or Nordic World Ski Championships. However, since 1972, the FIS Ski Flying World Championships has been a mainstay event, and ski flying event are also part of the FIS Ski Jumping World Cup calendar. The first to officially reach 200 metres (660 ft) was Toni Nieminen in 1994, by landing a jump of 203 metres (666 ft); at the time, ski jumpers did not receive distance points for the part of the jumps exceeding 191 metres.[12]
The distance of a ski jump is measured from the end of the 'table' (the very tip of the 'inrun' ramp) to halfway between the athletes' feet when they touch ground. To qualify, the jump must be made in a sanctioned competition, or official trial or qualification runs for these, with a system to control the actual length. To win a competition, an athlete needs both distance and style, the latter of which is achieved by attaining a proper Telemark landing; therefore jumpers are not motivated to jump as far as possible, only as far necessary to attain a good landing. Jumps are invalid if the jumper falls, defined as touching the ground with his hands or body before reaching the fall line. However, if an athlete touches the snow with any part of their body after landing, and receives style points greater than 14 from at least three judges, the jump is valid and counts as an official world record.[13]
When ski flying began in the 1930s, jumps were recorded in a traditional Scandinavian measure of length, the Norwegian alen (1 alen (Norway) = 0.6275 m (2.059 ft)). Some older United States and Canadian records were recorded in feet. Now, jump length is measured by the meter. Today, camera technology capably makes the measurements. Before, spectators were stationed downhill, meter by meter, and the raised hand of the nearest observer marked the jumper's landing.[14]
Official world records
All valid world records by fully standing on both feet, although International Ski Federation doesn't officially recognize them.
Men
—"Jutro: Serija senzacij" (3/3/41) in english translation; only two world records were set in Planica 1941.[15]
Women
No. | Date | Athlete | Country | Hill | Location | Metres | Yards | Feet | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | January 1863 | Ingrid Olsdatter Vestby | Norway | Nordbybakken | Trysil, Norway | unknown; first jump ever | |||
2 | 24 January 1897 | Ragna Petersen Skjeggerud | Norway | Nydalsbakken | Nydalen, Norway | 11 | 12 | 36 | [170] |
3 | 26 January 1902 | Hilda Stang | Norway | Tranbergbakken | Gjøvik, Norway | 15.5 | 17 | 51 | [171] |
4 | 1910 | Hilda Stang | Norway | Tranbergbakken | Gjøvik, Norway | 21 | 23 | 69 | |
5 | 6 February 1910 | Hilda Stang | Norway | Solbergbakken | Bærum, Norway | 22 | 24 | 72 | [172] |
6 | 1911 | Paula Lamberg | Austria-Hungary | Schattbergschanze | Kitzbühel, Austria-Hungary | 22 | 24 | 72 | |
7 | February 1922 | Isabel Coursier | Canada | Nels Nelsen Hill | Revelstoke, Canada | 25.6 | 28 | 84 | [173][174] |
8 | 1926 | Olga Balstad-Eggen | Norway | Falleberget | Arvika, Sweden | 26 | 28.4 | 85 | |
9 | February 1928 | Isabel Coursier | Canada | Nels Nelsen Hill | Revelstoke, Canada | 31.4 | 34.4 | 103 | |
10 | 18 January 1931 | Johanne Kolstad | Norway | Odnesbakken | Odnes, Norway | 46.5 | 50.9 | 153 | [52] |
11 | 17 February 1931 | Johanne Kolstad | Norway | Lønnbergbakken | Raufoss, Norway | 49 | 53.6 | 161 | [175] |
12 | 21 February 1933 | Johanne Kolstad | Norway | Gråkallbakken | Trondheim, Norway | 62 | 67.8 | 203 | [176] |
13 | 6 March 1938 | Johanne Kolstad | Norway | Nansen Ski Jump | Berlin, United States | 69.5 | 76 | 228 | |
14 | 22 March 1973 | Anita Wold | Norway | Kløvsteinbakken | Meldal, Norway | 73 | 79.8 | 240 | [177] |
15 | 3 February 1974 | Anita Wold | Norway | Kløvsteinbakken | Meldal, Norway | 82.5 | 90.2 | 271 | [177] |
16 | 16 March 1974 | Anita Wold | Norway | MS 1970 | Štrbské Pleso, Czechoslovakia | 91 | 99.5 | 299 | [178] |
17 | 16 March 1974 | Anita Wold | Norway | MS 1970 | Štrbské Pleso, Czechoslovakia | 94 | 102.8 | 308 | [178] |
18 | 14 January 1975 | Anita Wold | Norway | Ōkurayama | Sapporo, Japan | 97.5 | 106.6 | 320 | |
19 | 29 March 1981 | Tiina Lehtola | Finland | Rukatunturi | Kuusamo, Finland | 110 | 120.3 | 361 | |
20 | 22 January 1989 | Merete Kristiansen | Norway | Odnesbakken | Odnes, Norway | 111 | 121.4 | 364 | |
21 | 7 January 1994 | Eva Ganster | Austria | Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze | Bischofshofen, Austria | 112 | 122.5 | 367 | |
22 | 21 February 1994 | Eva Ganster | Austria | Lysgårdsbakken | Lillehammer, Norway | 113.5 | 124.1 | 372 | [179][180] |
23 | 6 January 1997 | Eva Ganster | Austria | Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze | Bischofshofen, Austria | 115 | 125.8 | 377 | |
24 | 4 February 1997 | Eva Ganster | Austria | Kulm | Tauplitz/Bad Mitterndorf, Austria | 144 | 157.5 | 472 | |
25 | 5 February 1997 | Eva Ganster | Austria | Kulm | Tauplitz/Bad Mitterndorf, Austria | 161 | 176.1 | 528 | |
26 | 6 February 1997 | Eva Ganster | Austria | Kulm | Tauplitz/Bad Mitterndorf, Austria | 163 | 178.3 | 535 | |
27 | 7 February 1997 | Eva Ganster | Austria | Kulm | Tauplitz/Bad Mitterndorf, Austria | 164.5 | 179.9 | 540 | |
28 | 9 February 1997 | Eva Ganster | Austria | Kulm | Tauplitz/Bad Mitterndorf, Austria | 165 | 180.4 | 541 | |
29 | 9 February 1997 | Eva Ganster | Austria | Kulm | Tauplitz/Bad Mitterndorf, Austria | 167 | 182.6 | 548 | |
30 | 29 January 2003 | Daniela Iraschko-Stolz | Austria | Kulm | Tauplitz/Bad Mitterndorf, Austria | 188 | 205.6 | 617 | |
31 | 29 January 2003 | Daniela Iraschko-Stolz | Austria | Kulm | Tauplitz/Bad Mitterndorf, Austria | 200 | 218.7 | 656 |
Invalid world record distances
Not counting if touching the ground, falling before reaching the outrun line or landing during non-competition training rounds. But distances set by test and trial jumpers during competition rounds are deemed official.
Winter
Standing jumps. Not recognized as official world record
Unclear if this was before or after Ragnar Omtvedt set WR at 169 ft.
Summer
No. | Date | Athlete | Country | Hill | Location | Metres | Yards | Feet | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 21 August 2013 | Sarah Hendrickson | United States | Schattenbergschanze HS137 | Oberstdorf, Germany | 148 | 161.8 | 486 | |
2 | 11 July 2018 | Jurij Tepeš | Slovenia | Burabay Ski Jumps HS140 | Shchuchinsk, Kazakhstan | 154 | 168.4 | 505 |
False claimed world records
Those jumps were never actually world record distances, false claimed by some stats and media:
- 1886 — Johannes Nordgården didn't set standing WR at 26 metres, but actually crashed at 27 metres WR distance on 24 February on Flatdalbakken in Seljord. However, Olaf Berland stood at 25.5 m, which was almost certainly a WR back then.[22]
- 1892 – 30 metres by Gustav Bye from Norway set in Blyberget, Trondheim on 11 March was never a WR. Some statistics made false claims it was in 1890, which would then actually be a world record. After this jump, anonymous reader "F2", most likely it was Fritz Huitsfeldt, the secretary of Ski Association in Oslo, wrote an open letter in Aftenposten, accusing organizers in Trondheim that they cheated at distance measuring. He got their quick response in Aftenposten on his false allegations.[253][254]
- 1913 – 48 metres by Thorleif Knudsen set on Bolgenschanze at 2 March, was never a WR. Europeans then didn't believe (acknowledge) world records on North American, as two weeks earlier Ragnar Omtvedt set WR at 51.5 metres (169 ft).[255]
- 1914 — 48.5 metres set by Norwegians Josef Henriksen and Fridolf Aas on 1 February at Gustadbakken, were never WRs. Europeans then didn't believe (acknowledge) reports from America, that year before Ragnar Omtvedt set WR at 51.5 m (169 ft).[256][42]
- 1918 — claimed 62.2 metres (204 ft) by Henry Hall set on 22 February is false, as no world record was set that year at Steamboat Springs. The longest jump that year was set on Friday by Anders Haugen at 191 feet (58.2 metres).[44]
- 1931 — Alf Engen's 231 feet (70.4 m) set on Ecker Hill on 1 January was never really WR, because Americans recognized only their records (229 ft by R. Omtdvedt). But Badrutt made 246 ft already in 1930 and Nelsen (240 ft) in 1925.[208][257][258]
- 1931 — Alf Engen's 243 feet (74 m) set on Ecker Hill on 1 February was never really WR, because Americans recognized only their records (229 ft by R. Omtdvedt). But Badrutt made 246 ft already in 1930 and Nelsen (240 ft) in 1925.[257][259]
- 1933 — Alf Engen's 281 ft (85.6 metres) set on 26 February on Ecker Hill was never WR, recognized only in America. Henri Ruchet jumped 285 ft on the same day before him and Sigmund Ruud landed at 282 ft a week earlier, both set in Villars.[260][261]
- 1941 — All three jumps on 2 March in Planica in this chronological order; Lahr (111 m), Krauß (112 m) and Mair (109 m with touch) were false claimed as world records. They all performed only after Gering set WR at 118 metres, as described in Jutro.[15]
- 1991 — There have been many rumors and false speculations over the years, that Ralph Gebstedt tied 194 metres world record on 23 March in Planica. But in fact, he only set his personal best at 190 metres.[262][263][264]
All jumps over 250 metres
As of 24 March 2019
Most number of jumps over 250 metres
As of 24 March 2019, including invalid jumps:
Rank | Athlete | Country | ≥ 250 m | Longest jump |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Stefan Kraft | Austria | 3 | 253.5 m |
2 | Robert Johansson | Norway | 2 | 252 m (former ) |
3 | Peter Prevc | Slovenia | 1 | 250 m (former ) |
Anders Fannemel | Norway | 1 | 251.5 m (former ) | |
Ryoyu Kobayashi | Japan | 1 | 252.0 m | |
Kamil Stoch | Poland | 1 | 251.5 m | |
Dimitry Vassiliev | Russia | 1 | 254 m (WR fall) | |
Gregor Schlierenzauer | Austria | 1 | 253.5 m (WR fall) | |
Tilen Bartol | Slovenia | 1 | 252 m (test jump: WR fall) |
Summer world records
Plastic matting for ski jumping was invented by German athlete Hans Renner. The first ski jumping tests on plastic without any audience were made on 31 October 1954 at Regenbergschanze in Zella-Mehlis, East Germany. The Wadeberg Jugendschanze K40 in Oberhof, East Germany, which was built just next to the old Thüringenschanze|150px|Werner Lesser was the first to set a summer WR of 41 m (135 ft) in 1954]]
No. | Date | Athlete(s) | Country | Hill | Location | Metres | Yards | Feet |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 21 November 1954 | Werner Lesser | East Germany | Thüringenschanze K40 | Oberhof, East Germany | 41 | 44.8 | 135 |
2 | 21 November 1954 | Werner Lesser | East Germany | Thüringenschanze K40 | Oberhof, East Germany | 42 | 46 | 138 |
3 | 30 September 1973 | Heinz Wossipiwo | East Germany | Areal Horečky K90 | Frenštát pod Radhoštěm, CS | 84 | 91.9 | 276 |
4 | 30 September 1973 | Heinz Wossipiwo | East Germany | Areal Horečky K90 | Frenštát pod Radhoštěm, CS | 86 | 94 | 282 |
5 | 6 August 1979 | Holger Greiner-Petter | East Germany | Kanzlersgrund | Oberhof, East Germany | 97 | 106.1 | 318 |
6 | 7 August 1979 | Jochen Danneberg | East Germany | Kanzlersgrund | Oberhof, East Germany | 110 | 120.3 | 361 |
7 | 31 October 1993 | Noriaki Kasai | Japan | Olympic Hills K120 | Hakuba, Japan | 126.5 | 138.3 | 415 |
8 | 25 September 1994 | Takehito Suda | Japan | Olympic Hills K120 | Hakuba, Japan | 127 | 138.9 | 417 |
9 | 20 August 1995 | Rico Meinel | Germany | Granåsen K120 | Trondheim, Norway | 130.5 | 142.7 | 428 |
10 | 18 August 1996 | Ari-Pekka Nikkola | Finland | Granåsen K120 | Trondheim, Norway | 131 | 143.3 | 430 |
11 | 17 August 1997 | Kazuyoshi Funaki | Japan | Granåsen K120 | Trondheim, Norway | 132.5 | 144.9 | 435 |
12 | 5 September 2004 | Daniel Forfang | Norway | Wielka Krokiew HS134 | Zakopane, Poland | 139.5 | 152.6 | 458 |
13 | 2 September 2005 | Petter Tande | Norway | Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze HS140 | Bischofshofen, Austria | 142 | 155.3 | 466 |
14 | 16 August 2007 | Gregor Schlierenzauer | Austria | Trempolino a Monte HS140 | Pragelato, Italy | 143.5 | 156.9 | 471 |
15 | 2 September 2007 | Bernhard Gruber | Austria | Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze HS140 | Bischofshofen, Austria | 143.5 | 156.9 | 471 |
16 | 5 October 2007 | Gregor Schlierenzauer | Austria | Vogtland Arena HS140 | Klingenthal, Germany | 146 | 159.7 | 479 |
17 | 2 October 2009 | Harri Olli | Finland | Vogtland Arena HS140 | Klingenthal, Germany | 146 | 159.7 | 479 |
18 | 23 September 2011 | Vegard Haukø Sklett | Norway | Vogtland Arena HS140 | Klingenthal, Germany | 147 | 160.8 | 482 |
19 | 15 October 2016 | Dimitry Vassiliev | Russia | RusSki Gorki HS140 | Sochi, Russia | 147.5 | 161.3 | 484 |
20 | 11 July 2018 | Sergey Tkachenko | Kazakhstan | Burabay Ski Jumps HS140 | Shchuchinsk, Kazakhstan | 151 | 165 | 495 |
Note
- Tim Ashburner tells in the book The history of ski jumping (ISBN 1-904057-15-2, p. 14) that Norheim's longest jump in the circuit in Hauglibakken should have been measured at 50 alen (31.5 meters if one calculates the alley to 62.75 cm), but that the newspapers in Christiania stated that the length "with a certain exaggeration" should have been 30 acres (19 metres). 19.5 metres, which most current lists of world records state, corresponds to 31 alen
- Skiing Heritage, volume 19, No.3 (page 12); Sveinung Svalastoga, another Telemarker, later set the hill (world) record at approximately 70 feet (22 metres)
- Slovenian newspaper Jutro mentions two jumps at 99 metres by Reidar Andersen. Nothing about 98 metres.
- According to official German radio report cited in Ljudska pravica, jumps were following in that order: Andreas Däscher (130 m), then Dan Netzell (135 m) and the last Sepp Weiler (133 m).
- Wirkola set 145.5 metres world record on Saturday's training in Vikersund (12/3/1966).
- Geir Ove Berg's jump was first measured as 167 metres, but later corrected into 173 metres world record. It was officially published the next day
- In 1879 Olaf Haugann reached the distance of 22 metres during practice
- On 21 or 22 March 1891, Gustav Bye claimed, that he jumped 33 metres in Levanger, Norway, which would then be WR. However, it is uncertain with some doubts if it was perhaps measured in Ells (1 norwegian ell = 62.75 cm) which would be actually only 20 metres.
- In 1913, Ragnar Omtvedt landed at 158 ft (48.2 m) WR American Championships in Ironwood, but not recognized as it was professional. Later that day, at another amateur longest jump competition, Ragnar Omtvedt set official WR at 169 ft (51.5 metres).
- 161 ft fall. Not clear if jump was made before or after Ragnar Omtvedt set world record 169 ft.
- 165 ft fall. Not clear if jump was made before or after Ragnar Omtvedt set world record at 169 ft.
- On March 1923, Nels Nelsen fell at 234 ft (71.3 metres) world record distance on Nels Nelsen Hill in Revelstoke, Canada.
- On 5 February 1924, Nels Nelsen touched the ground at 235 ft (71.6 metres) world record distance on Nels Nelsen Hill in Revelstoke, Canada.
- On 6 February 1924, Nels Nelsen fell at 235 ft (71.6 metres) world record distance on Nels Nelsen Hill in Revelstoke, Canada.
- 247 ft (75.3 metres) world record distance set by Alf Engen on Ecker Hill on 1 January 1931, didn't come (not recognized) to the list of world records.
- According to Harold "Cork" Anson, 254 ft (77.4 metres) world record distance set by Alf Engen on Ecker Hill on January 1931, was not recognized as WR, because Utah Ski Club wasn't then member of Western American Winter Sport Asocciation.
- 266 ft (81.1 metres) world record distance set by Alf Engen on Ecker Hill in 1931, was not recognized as WR, as it was achieved at unofficial competition.
- 311 ft (94.8 metres) world record distance set by Alf Engen on Ecker Hill in January 1935, was made on practice (nonsanctioned competition) and that's why was not recognized as official world record.
References
- Canadian Ski Hall of Fame. "Nels Nelsen" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
- "Ski jump world record broken for second time in two days as Anders Fannemel flies to glory". Eurosport. 15 February 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-02-17.
- Thoresen 2007, p. 18
- Thoresen 2007, p. 15
- Thoresen 2007, p. 21
- (ISBN 1-904057-15-2, p. 14)
- Thoresen 2007, p. 371
- Thoresen 2007, p. 26
- Thoresen 2007, p. 70
- Thoresen 2007, pp. 371–373
- Thoresen 2007, p. 74
- Thoresen 2007, p. 239
- English commentary by David Goldstrom after Stoch's 1st round jump, from the Eurosport broadcast in Planica on 26 March 2017
- International Ski Federation. "Distance measurement". Archived from the original on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 15 February 2011.
- "Paragraphs: Znamki 101 za nas in 108 za Nemce & Serija senzacij" (in Slovenian). Jutro. 3 March 1941. p. 1.
- "Verdens første skihopp minnes" (in Norwegian). Dagbladet. 12 November 2008.
- "Luftseilas på ski (page 4)" (in Norwegian). Nordlands Avis. 1 April 1952.
- Tim Ashburner: The History of Ski Jumping (page 14). History of Ski Jumping. 31 January 2013. ISBN 978-1-904057-15-4.
- "Column 1, Paragraph 2 (page 3)" (in Norwegian). Oplandenes avis. 19 February 1879.
- The Men of Telemark (page 91). Two Planks and A Passion. 31 January 2013. ISBN 9780826423382.
- "Skiing Heritage (page 12)". Skiing History. Skiing Heritage, volume 19, No.3. September 2007. ISSN 1082-2895.
- "Silljordsskirendet (page 2, columns 4 & 5)" (in Norwegian). Dagbladet. 11 March 1886.
- "On Monday, Hemmestveit broke world record at 102 feet (column 1)". Little Falls Transcript. 13 March 1891.
- "A remarkable Feet (page 3, column 5)". Public Ledger. 16 January 1893.
- "Fra Skilobjets Hyembygd (page 2, column 1)" (in Norwegian). Adresseavisen. 30 January 1897.
- "Bærum's Skiklubs Landsrend (page 1, column 5)" (in Norwegian). Morgenbladet. 6 February 1899.
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- "Solbergrendet (page 3)" (in Norwegian). Asker og Bærum Budstikke. 14 February 1900.
- "Tapre gutter og lange hop (page 1, column 5)" (in Norwegian). Social-Demokraten. 13 February 1902.
- "Schneeschuglaufen: Uber weite skisprunge (column 2)" (in German). Allgemeine Sport-Zeitung. 9 March 1902.
- "Staeende hop paa 41 meter (page 1, column 4)" (in Norwegian). Social-Demokraten. 11 March 1902.
- "Wins the World's Championship as ski jumper (page 6, column 6)". San Francisco Call. 25 January 1909.
- "Il concorso internazionale di Sky (pages 2)" (in Italian). La Stampa. 22 February 1909.
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- "Sports (page 4)" (in French). Journal de Genève. 2 March 1909.
- "Sensational ski jumping (page 1, column 3)". Calumet News. 20 February 1911.
- "47 meter (page 2, column 4)" (in Norwegian). Dagbladet. 19 February 1912.
- "Et 47 meters hop (page 3, column 2)" (in Norwegian). Asker og Bærum Budstikke. 24 February 1912.
- "Makes new ski record; 169 ft". Calumet News. 19 February 1913.
- "Ski jumping record broken by 13 feet". San Francisco Call. 16 February 1913.
- "New ski jump record (page 7, column 6)". Harrisburg Telegraph. 19 February 1916.
- "Ny verdensrekord i hop paa ski (page 5, columns 5 & 6)" (in Norwegian). Aftenposten. 7 February 1915.
- "Henry Hall makes world's record ski jump of 203 feet (page 1, column 6)". The Ward County Independent. 8 March 1917.
- "Daring of Noted Ski Men Thrills Visiting Crowds (page 1, columns 5 & 6)". The Steamboat Pilot. 27 February 1918.
- "Jumps 213 feet". El Paso Herald. 10 March 1919.
- "Norwegian immigrant contributions to America's making, p.166 (174/188)". El Paso Herald. 20 November 2009.
- "New ski record by Henry Hall". The Routt County Sentinel. 11 February 1921.
- (page 32). Powder Pioneers. 2005. ISBN 9781894765640.
- "A Potresina Badrutt saute 75 m. (page 2)" (in French). La Suisse Libérale. 13 January 1930.
- "Sport: Et 75 meters hopp. (page 6, paragraph 4)" (in Norwegian). Porsgrunns Dagblad. 21 January 1930.
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- "Kjempe-hopp i Flubergbakken (page 2)" (in Norwegian). Porsgrunns Dagblad. 19 January 1931.
- "Le concours de saut a Davos (page 5)" (in French). Journal de Geneve. 25 February 1931.
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- "Concours de saut a Bretaye: Un saut de 84 metres (page 3)" (in French). Gazette de Lausanne. 20 February 1933.
- "Sigmund Ruud hoppet 86 meter (page 5)" (in Norwegian). Buskerud Blad. 22 February 1933.
- "Le record du monde battu a Villars (page 6)" (in French). Gazette de Lausanne. 27 February 1933.
- "Lumburne sets new ski record (page 7)". Calgary Herald. 16 March 1933.
- (page 34). Powder Pioneers. 2005. ISBN 9781894765640.
- "Svetovni rekordi na naših tleh / Rekord za rekordom" (in Slovenian). Jutro. 26 March 1934. p. 1.
- "V Planici že dosegli 93 metrsko znamko" (in Slovenian). Jutro. 15 March 1935. p. 7.
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- "Andersen: 99 m" (in Slovenian). Slovenec. 16 March 1935. p. 2.
- "Le record du saut en longueur battu (page 4)" (in French). La Dépêche. 18 March 1935.
- "Planica -- 101 m! (actually 101.5 metres, no space for 4th number)" (in Slovenian). Jutro (Monday edition). 16 March 1936. p. 1.
- "Svetozar Guček, 90-letnik" (in Slovenian). Gore in ljudje. 1 January 2010.
- "Neznana znana Planica: Correct length explanation (paragraph 5)" (in Slovenian). smucisca.net. 13 March 2010.
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- "Bradl je skočil 107 m" (in Slovenian). Slovenski narod. 16 March 1938. p. 4.
- "Izredni uspehi slovenskih in inozemskih skakalcev v Planici (page 6)" (in Slovenian). Slovenski poročevalec. 16 March 1948.
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- "17. svetovni rekord v Oberstdorfu (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 28 February 1981.
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- "Tauno Luiro - Oberstdorf 1951 - 139 m - World record". YouTube. 2 March 1951.
- "Nov svetovni rekord - 141 metrov Jožeta Šlibarja! (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 25 February 1961.
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- "Nilo Zandanel - Oberstdorf 1964 - 144 m - World record". YouTube. 16 February 1964.
- "P. Lesser: 145.5 m! (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 22 March 1965.
- "145.5 m nov svetovni rekord / Peter Lesser 147 m p. (page 5)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 22 March 1965.
- "Peter Lesser - Kulm 1965 - 145.5 m - World record". YouTube. 21 March 1965.
- "Wirkola 145,5 m (page 8)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 14 March 1966.
- "Še o 146 m Wirkole v Vikersundu (page 4)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 21 March 1966.
- "Bjørn Wirkola - Vikersund 1966 - 146 m - World record (see 1:40)". YouTube. 13 March 1966.
- "Kjell Sjöberg satte v-rekord med 148 meter i Oberstdorf (page 17)" (in Norwegian). National Library of Norway. 11 February 1967.
- "Kar dvakrat svetovni rekord (page 5)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 11 February 1967.
- "Lars Grini - Oberstdorf 1967 - 147 m - World record". YouTube. 10 February 1967.
- "Norveški skakalec Grini - sedaj 150 metrov daleč (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 12 February 1967.
- "Lars Grini - Oberstdorf 1967 - 150 m - World record". YouTube. 11 February 1967.
- "Bachler - 154 m (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 13 March 1967.
- "Reinhold Bachler - Vikersund 1967 - 154 m - World record". YouTube. 12 March 1967.
- "Svetovni rekord v Planici, Wirkola skočil 156 metrov (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 22 March 1969.
- "Nov rekord Raške - 164 metrov (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 23 March 1969.
- "Jiří Raška - Planica 1969 - 164 m - World record". YouTube. 22 March 1969.
- "Wolf (NDR) -- 165 metres! (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 24 March 1969.
- "Manfred Wolf - Planica 1969 - 165 m - World record". YouTube. 23 March 1969.
- "Nov rekord 169 m (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 March 1973.
- "Zdaj Wosipiwo - 169 m (page 7)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 March 1973.
- "169 m: izenačen svetovni rekord (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 16 March 1974.
- "Še nikoli tako daleč (page 5)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 16 March 1974.
- "Walter Steiner - Planica 1974 - 169 m - World record". YouTube. 15 March 1974.
- "Dva sta poletela 174 m! (page 8)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 6 March 1976.
- "Toni Innauer & Falko Weißpflog - Oberstdorf 1976 - 174 m - World record". YouTube. 5 March 1976.
- "Innauer zdaj pri 176 m! (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 8 March 1976.
- "Koglerju naslov, Ostwaldu rekord (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 19 March 1979.
- "Klaus Ostwald - Planica 1979 - 176 m - World record". YouTube. 18 March 1979.
- "Že prvi dan poletov je Kogler izenačil rekord (page 11)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 28 March 1980.
- "Armin Kogler - Oberstdorf 1981 - 180 m - World record". YouTube. 26 February 1981.
- "Ostwald prvak, Tepeš deseti (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 21 March 1983.
- "Pavel Ploc - Harrachov 1983 - 181 m - World record". YouTube. 19 March 1983.
- "Že prvi dan v Oberstdorfu Nykänen svetovni rekorder (page 6)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 17 March 1984.
- "Rekordni polet 182 m (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 17 March 1984.
- "Matti Nykänen - Oberstdorf 1984 - 182 m - World record". YouTube. 18 March 2017.
- "Nykänen na smučeh poletel 185 metrov (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 19 March 1984.
- "Matti Nykänen zasenčil vse: rekord 185 m in dve zmagi! (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 19 March 1984.
- "V manj kot dveh urah trije svetovni rekordi in kup državnih (page 5)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 16 March 1985.
- "Mike Holland - Planica 1985 - 186 m - World record". YouTube. 15 March 1985.
- "Matti Nykänen - Planica 1985 - 187 m - World record (see at 2:04)" (in Slovenian). MMC RTV Slovenija: 4D Video archives. 15 March 1985.
- "Matti Nykänen - Planica 1985 - 191 m - World record". YouTube. 15 March 1985.
- "Zmagoslavje Avstrijcev na 9. SP (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 March 1986.
- "Felder svetovni prvak in sorekorder (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 10 March 1986.
- "Andreas Felder - Kulm 1986 - 191 m - World record". YouTube. 9 March 1986.
- "Felderju sobotna tekma, Fijasu pa svetovni rekord (page 11)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 16 March 1987.
- "Planica 1987: Photo gallery (page 16)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 16 March 1987.
- "Piotr Fijas - Planica 1987 - 194 m - World record". YouTube. 14 March 1987.
- "V Planici tudi preko magičnih 200 metrov (page 8)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 18 March 1994.
- "Martin Höllwarth - Planica 1994 - 196 m - World record". YouTube. 17 March 1994.
- "Toni Nieminen - Planica 1994 - 203 m - World record". YouTube. 17 March 1994.
- "Planica ne pozna nobenih meja Espen Bredesen poletel 209 metrov (page 8)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 19 March 1994.
- "Espen Bredesen - Planica 1994 - 209 m - World record". YouTube. 18 March 1994.
- "Planica - L. Ottesen 212 m, Peterka skupni zmagovalec (page 11)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 24 March 1997.
- "Espen Bredesen - Planica 1997 - 210 m - World record". YouTube. 22 March 1997.
- "Espen Bredesen - Planica 1997 - 212 m - World record". YouTube. 22 March 1997.
- "Schmitt novi rekorder, slovenski delež pičel (page 10)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 20 March 1999.
- "Martin Schmitt - Planica 1999 - 214.5 m - World record". YouTube. 19 March 1999.
- "Skakalci v primežu tvegane igre (page 11)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 22 March 1999.
- "Tommy Ingebrigtsen - Planica 1999 - 219.5 m - World record". YouTube. 20 March 1999.
- "Velikanka čaka na rekorde". Gorenjski glas (in Slovenian). 17 March 2000. p. 22.
- "Thomas Hörl - Planica 2000 - 224.5 m - World record". YouTube. 16 March 2000.
- "Rekordi padali kot zrele hruške". Gorenjski glas (in Slovenian). 21 March 2000. p. 19.
- "Andreas Goldberger - Planica 2000 - 225 m - World record". YouTube. 18 March 2000.
- "Planica 2003: Official training results (page 4)" (PDF). International Ski Federation. 20 March 2003.
- "Adam Małysz - Planica 2003 - 225 m - World record tied". YouTube. 20 March 2003.
- "Fincu rekord, Poljaku kristalni globus" (in Slovenian). Gorenjski glas. 25 March 2003. p. 10.
- "Matti Hautamäki - Planica 2003 - 227.5 m - World record". YouTube. 20 March 2003.
- "Matti Hautamäki - Planica 2003 - 228.5 m - World record". YouTube. 22 March 2003.
- "Matti Hautamäki - Planica 2003 - 231 m - World record". YouTube. 23 March 2003.
- "Izbral miss in podrl rekord". Dnevnik (in Slovenian). 21 March 2005.
- "Bjørn Einar Romøren - Planica 2005 - 234.5 m - World record". YouTube. 20 March 2005.
- "Matti Hautamäki - Planica 2005 - 235.5 m - World record". YouTube. 20 March 2005.
- "Bjørn Einar Romøren - Planica 2005 - 239.5 m - World record". YouTube. 20 March 2005.
- "Double world record from shooting star Evensen". olympic.cn. 14 February 2011.
- "Johan Remen Evensen - Vikersund 2011 - 243 m - World record". YouTube. 11 February 2011.
- "Johan Remen Evensen - Vikersund 2011 - 246.5 m - World record". YouTube. 11 February 2011.
- "History in Making: Prevc With World Record, 250 metres!!!". The Slovenia Times. 14 February 2015.
- "Peter Prevc - Vikersund 2015 - 250 m - World record". YouTube. 14 February 2015.
- "Ski jumping: Norwegian breaks ski jumping world record". Duluth News Tribune. 15 February 2015.
- "Anders Fannemel - Vikersund 2015 - 251.5 m - World record". YouTube. 15 February 2015.
- "Kraft sets world record in ski jumping". The Sports Network. 18 March 2017.
- "Robert Johansson - Vikersund 2017 - 252 m - World record". YouTube. 18 March 2017.
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- "Landsrendet i Nydalen (page 2, columns 3 & 4)" (in Norwegian). Dagbladet. 25 January 1897.
- "Flink smaajente (page 1, column 5)" (in Norwegian). Gudbrandsdølen. 30 January 1897.
- "Er kvinde hoppe 22 m (page 1, column 3)" (in Norwegian). Nordre Bergenhus Amtstitende. 12 February 1897.
- "Isabel Coursier – Ski-jumping Pioneer". Experience The Moutain Parks.
- "Teenage Girl Ski Champion (page 8, columns 1 & 2)". Cranbrook Herald. 18 March 1926.
- "Sport: Johanne hoppet 49 meter (page 4)". Porsgrunns Dagblad. 18 March 1926.
- "Johanne hoppet 62 meter! (page 1)". Moss Avis. 22 February 1933.
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- "O Puchar Tatr w Szczyrbskim Jeziorze (page 10)" (in Polish). Dziennik Polski. 17 March 1974.
- "(page 19)". Skiing Heritage Journal. March 2009.
- "Dalej niż Harada" (in Polish). wyborcza.pl. 24 February 1994.
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- Tim Ashburner: The History of Ski Jumping. Quiller Press, Shrewsbury 2003. ISBN 1 904057 15 2 (s. 44)
- "Landsskirendet (page 2, column 5)" (in Norwegian). Trondhjems Adresseavis. 29 January 1900.
- "Landskirendet paa Gjøvik (page 2, column 4)" (in Norwegian). Gudbrandsdølen. 29 January 1901.
- "Ole Mangseth (page 2, column 5)" (in Norwegian). Oplandenes avis. 30 January 1901.
- "Langt hoppet (page 2, column 6)" (in Norwegian). Trondhjems Adresseavis. 22 February 1902.
- "39 1/2 Meters Hop? (page 1, column 5)" (in Norwegian). Morgenbladet. 22 February 1902.
- "Svære Hoplængder (page 1, paragraph 2)" (in Norwegian). Fredriksstad Tilskuer. 18 February 1907.
- "Hopp pa 50 meter (page 1, column 5)" (in Norwegian). Morgenbladet. 28 February 1910.
- "Verdensrekorden i Hop (pages 1 & 2, column 1)" (in Norwegian). Oplandenes AVis. 2 March 1910.
- "Et vaelding hop (page 2, column 6)" (in Norwegian). Fjell-Ljom. 9 February 1912.
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- Nordisk Tidende: Ny Verdensrekord i Skihop sættes (page 13, 10 March 1921, digitalisert av Nasjonalbiblioteket)
- Harold "Cork" Anson: Jumping Through Time. A History of Ski Jumping in the United States and Southwest Canada. Port Hole Publications, Florence, Oregon 2010. ISBN 978-0-9768107-7-3 (page 44)
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- "Imponerende hopp pa ski i Pontresina (page 5)" (in Norwegian). Bergens Arbeiderblad. 13 January 1930.
- "75 Meter gestanden (page 14)" (in German). Das Kleine Blatt. 21 February 1930.
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- Powder Pioneers, p. 29, 30. Chic Scott. 2005. ISBN 9781894765640. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
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- "Jugoslovan Polda je skočl 120 m, Švicar Charles Blum pa 121 m (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Ljudska pravica. 15 March 1948.
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- "Walter Steiner - Oberstdorf 1973 - 179 m - World record crash (see 6:17)". YouTube. 11 March 1973.
- "Walter Steiner - Planica 1974 - 177 m - World record crash". YouTube. 15 March 1974.
- "Norko z dotikom 181 m. Zmagovalec je R. Bachler (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 21 March 1977.
- "Bogdan Norčič - Planica 1977 - 181 m - World record crash". YouTube. 20 March 1977.
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- "Felder z znamenjem, ki ne velja (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 14 March 1987.
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- "Tudi Kiessewetter je bil ob sapo, zato je nekoliko podrsal v sneg (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 25 March 1991.
- "Zgodovinski let - André Kiesewetter po 196 metrih z dotikom (page 16)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 25 March 1991.
- "Planica je spet navdušila (page 20)" (in Slovenian). Gorenjski glas. 27 March 1991.
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- "Kasai svetovni prvak v poletih, Samo Gostiša osvojil 6. mesto (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 23 March 1992.
- "Christof Duffner - Harrachov 1992 - 194 m - World record crash". YouTube. 22 March 1992.
- "Toni Nieminen poletel 203 m (page 1)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 18 March 1994.
- "Andreas Goldberger - Planica 1994 - 202 m! - World record crash". YouTube/ORF. 17 June 2012.
- "Christof Duffner - Planica 1994 - 207 m - World Record (fall)". ORF/YouTube. 17 June 2012.
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- "Andreas Goldberger - Planica 1994 - 202 m! - World record crash". YouTube/ORF. 17 June 2012.
- "Veli-Matti Lindström - Planica 2003 - 232.5 m - World record crash". YouTube. 21 March 2003.
- "Andreas Widhölzl - Planica 2005 - 234.5 m - World record crash". YouTube. 17 March 2005.
- "Janne Ahonen - Planica 2005 - 240 m - World record crash". YouTube. 20 March 2005.
- "Vassiliev hoppet 254 meter - falt". NRK. 15 February 2015.
- "Dmitri Vassiliev - Vikersund 2015 - 254 m - World record crash". YouTube. 15 February 2015.
- "Prišlič 246, Bartol 252 with a fall on Wednesday's test of the hill". planica.si. 16 March 2016.
- "Tilen Bartol - Planica 2016 - 252 m - World record crash". YouTube. 16 March 2016.
- "Griff in den Schnee kostet Schlierenzauer Weltrekord" (in German). Der Standard. 22 March 2018.
- "Gregor Schlierenzauer - Planica 2018 - 253.5 m - World record crash". YouTube. 22 March 2018.
- "Skiidræt (page 1)" (in Norwegian). Aftenposten. 16 March 1892.
- "30 meters hop ( (page 1)" (in Norwegian). Aftenposten. 19 March 1892.
- "Sports d'Hiver (page 3)". Journal de Genève. 3 March 1913.
- "Gustarendet paa Modum (page 4)" (in Norwegian). Aftenposten. 1 February 1914.
- "Engen breaks world record for ski jump (direct article)". The Sun. 2 February 1931.
- "Engen Breaks World Record for Ski Jump (full page)". The Sun. 2 February 1931.
- "Alf Engen sets new ski jump 243 ft WR in Big Pines, CA, 1931 (film)". gettyimages.co.uk. 13 November 2020.
- "Alf Engen's 281-foot ski jump". The Spokesman-Review. 6 March 1933.
- "Alf Engen soars 281 foot to eclipse all ski records". The Spokesman-Review. 27 February 1933.
- "Rezultati iz Planice: LETALNICA - DRUGI DAN (page 9)" (in Slovenian). Delo. 25 March 1991.
- "Ralph Gebstedt personal best: 190 metres - Planica 1997 - Saturday competition (see at 10:46)". YouTube. 22 March 1997.
- "Ralph Gebstedt personal best: 190 metres - Planica 1997 - Sunday competition (see at 15:35)". YouTube. 23 March 1997.
- Thoresen, Arne (2007). Lengst gjennom lufta (in Norwegian). Oslo: Versal. ISBN 978-82-8188-030-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
External links
- List of official ski flying world records at skisprungschanzen.com