List of newspapers in Puerto Rico

This is a list of newspapers in Puerto Rico. Unless otherwise indicated, all papers are published in the Spanish language.

The 5 July 1852 cover page of "El Eco del Comercio", a newspaper published in Ponce between 1857 and 1867

List of newspapers
Title Locale Year est. Publisher/parent company Notes
Caribbean Business San Juan Weekly (island-wide). English language.
Claridad San Juan 1959 Weekly (island-wide)
De Todo Carolina[1] 1979 Regional
Es Noticia[2] Ponce 2015 SCC Comunicaciones LLC[3] Regional; Biweekly[2]
La Esquina[4] Maunabo Regional
El Laurel Sureño[lower-alpha 1] Ponce 2010[5] El Laurel Sureño, Inc. Regional
News Is My Business 2010 (Nov)[6] News Is My Business Online. English language.
NotiCel San Juan 2011[7] O2 Comunicaciones Inc Online
Noticias Sur P.R.[8] Ponce 2010 (September) Noticias Sur PR LLC Online
El Nuevo Día Guaynabo 1970[9] GFR Media Daily (island-wide)
La Opinión del Sur Ponce 2001 Periódico El Oriental, Inc.[10] Regional
La Perla del Sur Ponce 1982 La Perla del Sur, Inc. Regional. Omar Alfonso, editor.[11]
Presencia[12] Carolina Regional
Primera Hora Guaynabo 1997 Daily (island-wide)
San Juan Star San Juan[9] 1959 Daily (island-wide); publishes 5 days a week; English-language
Tribunal del Pueblo Gurabo 2018 Online
El Vocero San Juan[9] 1974 Daily (island-wide)
Voces del Sur Ponce 2010[13] Nexo Comunicaciones Inc.[14] Regional
El Sol de Puerto Rico Ponce 2012[15] Periodico El Sol de Puerto Rico[16] Regional

Defunct newspapers
The 8 October 1884 issue of the short-lived El Avisador Ponceño (1874-1875)
Title Locale Year est. Year ceased Notes
Puerto Rico Ilustrado San Juan 1910[17] 1952 (c.) Weekly magazine
Puerto Rico World Journal San Juan 1940[18]
San Juan News San Juan 1898 1905[18] In English and Spanish
El Tiempo San Juan 1907[17]
Voz de la Patria Mayaguez 1901 1922[19]
La Correspondencia San Juan 1890 1943 Digitized issues via University of Florida.[20]
Diario del Oeste Mayaguez 1909[17]
Diario Económico de Puerto Rico San Juan 1814[18] Founded by Alejandro Ramírez. Issued by the Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País en Puerto Rico
Gaceta de Puerto Rico or Gazeta de Puerto Rico San Juan 1806 1902[18] State-run newspaper;[21] Digitized issues via University of Florida and on the Library of Congress website.[20][22]
El Imparcial San Juan 1918 1973 (28 Feb) [lower-alpha 2][23]
Justicia San Juan 1913[17] Published by Federación Libre de los Trabajadores de Puerto Rico[18]
El Mundo San Juan 1919 1986 Digitized issues via University of Florida.[20]
La Estrella Norte Arecibo 1983? 2015[24]
La Estrella Oeste Mayagüez 1983? 2015[24]
Porto Rico Progress San Juan 1908[17] English-language
Puerto Rico Daily Sun San Juan 2008
El Observador Ponceño[25] Ponce 1852 Felipe Conde, owner; Benito Vilardell, editor.[26][lower-alpha 3]
El Ponceño Ponce 1852 (10 July)[27] 1854 (22 July)[27][lower-alpha 4] Weekly.[27] Daniel Rivera, founder.[28]
El Fénix Ponce 1855 (July)[29] 1860[29] Augusto Pasarell, editor.[29]
El Eco del Comercio[lower-alpha 5] Ponce 1857[30] 1867[31] Newspaper; Lázaro Martínez, editor.[30]
El Moscardón Ponce 1865[30] 1865 (c.)[30] Clandestine newspaper[30]
El Propagador Ponce 1866[29][lower-alpha 6] 1866 Weekly; Daniel Busquet, editor[29][lower-alpha 7]
El Crepúsculo Ponce 1866[32] Francisco Vidal, editor.[32]
El Anunciador Ponce 1867[33] Free biweekly dedicated to publishing advertisements.[32]
Don Candido Ponce 1868 (c.)[29] Weekly[29]
El Pasatiempo Ponce 1870[34] Rafael Rodriguez, director.[32]
La Azucena[35] Ponce 1870 (20 Nov)[36] 1877 (31 Aug)[36] Alejandro Tapia y Rivera, director[35] Magazine.
La Hoja de Anuncio Ponce 1870[32] Short-lived newspaper[32]
El Heraldo del Trabajo Ponce 1870[37][35] 1875[37] Daily; Mario Braschi, director[35]
Don Severo Cantaclaro Ponce 1871[29][lower-alpha 8] 1874 (Feb)[38] Weekly;[29] Mario Braschi, editor[29]
El Diablillo Rojo Ponce 1873[39] 1874[39] Weekly[29] Juan Gerardino Acosta, director[39]
La Semana Ponce 1873 (7 Feb)[34] Francisco Vidal, founder; was renamed El Pais[34]
El Derecho Ponce 1873 (22 Apr)[38] 1873 (22 Oct)[39][lower-alpha 9] Roman Baldorioty de Castro, director[40]
La Linterna Ponce 1873 (Oct)[39] 1874 (Jan)[39] Weekly.[39] Jose Rosendo Cordero, director[40][39]
El País Ponce 1873 (c.)[34] Francisco Vidal, founder; replaced La Semana[34]
El Artesano Ponce 1874 (4 Jan)[41] Weekly; Wistremundo Muñoz, director.[41][lower-alpha 10]
El Avisador Ponceño[42] Ponce 1874 (21 May)[41][lower-alpha 11] 1875[41] Semiweekly;[43] Ramon Marin, founder; Loreto Montalvo, editor[41]
La Crónica de Ponce[35] Ponce 1875 (May)[44][lower-alpha 12] 1881 (Oct)[45][lower-alpha 13] Weekly; name was later changed to La Crónica.[44] Roman Baldorioty de Castro and Ramon Marin, founders.[35]
La Civilización Ponce 1876 (April)[46][47] 1893[46] Weekly;[46] Luis R. Velazquez, editor[47]
La Lira Ponce 1876[36] Monthly[36]
La Juventud Liberal Ponce 1877 (c.)[35] Daily; Mario Braschi and Jose Ramon Adab, editors[35]
El Noticiero Ponce 1878 (c.)[35] Ramon Marin, Mario Braschi, and Jose Ramon Abad, directors[35]
El Contemporáneo Ponce 1878[35][lower-alpha 14] Daily; Eduardo Neumann Gandía, director.[35]
La Avispa Ponce 1879[48][lower-alpha 15] Sotero Figueroa, founder.[48]
El Eco de Ponce Ponce 1880 (Jul)[49] 1880 (Nov)[49] Daily; Sotero Figueroa, director.[49]
La Revista Mercantil Ponce 1881 (Feb)[50] 1882 (c.)[47] Luis R. Velazquez, editor[47]
El Comercio Ponce 1881 (Feb)[50] Juan F. Torreforte[50]
El Eco del Comercio[lower-alpha 16] Ponce 1881 (Mar)[50][lower-alpha 17] 1881[50][lower-alpha 18] Encyclopedic Weekly; Lázaro Martínez, editor.[30]
El Diapason Ponce 1881 (Jul)[50] 1881 (Jul)[50] Pedro Gabriel Carreras[50]
La Cotorra Ponce 1881 (Sept)[50] 1881 (Dec)[50] "Periódico crítico literario, commercial y de noticias" (Critical literary, commercial and news newspaper).[50]
El Pueblo Ponce 1881 (Oct)[50] 1887 (Oct)[50] Ramon Marin, Mario Braschi, and Jose Ramon Abad, directors[35]
El Estudio[35] Ponce 1883[51] Biweekly;[51] Manuel Zeno Gandía, director[35] Magazine.
Revista de Puerto Rico Ponce 1887 (15 June)[52] Daily; Francisco Cepeda, editor[47]
El Popular Ponce 1887 (Oct)[53][35] Ramon Marin, Mario Braschi, and Jose Ramon Abad, directors.[35]
La Democracia Ponce 1890 (July 1)[54] 1948[55] Digitized issues via University of Florida.[20] Continued by Diario de Puerto Rico 1948 -
La Sombra Ponce 1890[56] Luis Caballer, founder[57]
La Pequeña Antilla Ponce 1890 (c.)[56] Luis Caballer, founder[58]
El Postillón[59][60] Ponce 1890[61] Daily.[28] Francisco Gonzalo Marin, director[59]
La Libertad[59] Ponce 1894[59] Felix Matos Bernier, director[59]
La Opinión[59] Ponce 1895 (c.)[59] Daily; Manuel Zeno Gandía, director[59]
El Tiempo[59] Ponce 1895 (c.)[59] Pedro R. de Diego, director[59]
El Pabellón Español Ponce 1895 (c.)[47] 1896 (c.)[47] Casiano Balbas, director[47]
El Heraldo Español Ponce 1895 (c.)[62] 1896 (c.)[47] Daily; Vicente Balbas y Capo, editor[47]
La Bomba[59] Ponce 1897 (c.)[59] Evaristo Izcoa Diaz, director[59]
El Obrero Liberal[63] Ponce 1898[63] Supported the labor movement.[63]
El Porvenir Social[63] Ponce 1898[63] Fernando J. Matias, editor.[63]
La Liga Obrera[63] Ponce 1898[63] 1899[63] Fernando J. Matias, editor.[63]
El Loro Ponce 1898[63] 1899[63] Humorous newspaper.[63]
La Broma Ponce 1898[63] 1899[63] Reappeared in 1900.[63]
El Correo de Puerto Rico Ponce 1898[63] 1899[63] Also published in English as "The Porto Rico Mail"; Eugenio Deschamp and Eugenio Astol, founders.[63] First newspaper in the English language.[64]
El Fonógrafo Ponce 1898[63] 1899[63] Luis R. Velázquez, editor.[63]
El Cañon[63] Ponce 1898[63] José Picó Matos, editor; suspended by mayor Porrata-Doria. Reappeared in 1900.[63]
El Autonomista[65] Ponce 1899[65][lower-alpha 19] Jose Llorens Echevarria, director[65]
La Nueva Era[65] Ponce 1899[65] Jose Llorens Echevarria, director[65]
El Combate[59] Ponce 1899 (c.)[59] Evaristo Izcoa Diaz, director[59][66]
La Estrella Solitaria[65] Ponce 1900[67][65] 1899[67] Luis Caballer, director;[65] Evening Daily[67]
La República[59] Ponce 1900 (c.)[59] Juan Pericas Diaz, director[59]
El Diario de Ponce[lower-alpha 20][59] Ponce 1900 (c.)[59] Edelmiro J. Lespier, director[59]
El Amigo del Pueblo[65] Ponce 1900 (c.)[65]
El Ideal Católico[65] Ponce 1900 (c.)[65] P. Janices, director[65]
La Conciencia Libre[65] Ponce 1900 (c.)[65] Official organ of the free-thinkers.[65]
El Buen Sentido[65] Ponce 1900 (c.)[65] Francisco Arjona, director[65]
Fiat Lux[65] Ponce 1900 (c.)[65] Jose A. Casals, director[65]
La Patria[65] Ponce 1899 (c.)[68][lower-alpha 21] Leonardo A. Ponce de Leon, director[65]
Águila de Puerto Rico Ponce 1902 (8 Jan)[17][69] 1913+[65] A Newspaper of the Partido Republicano Puertorriqueño political party.[70] Manuel V. Domenech, Pedro J. Rosaly, and Ulpiano Colom, founders.[69]
El Porvenir[65] Ponce 1902[65] Quintín Negrón Sanjurjo, director[65]
El Testigo Evangélico Ponce 1905[71] Weekly; Protestant.[71]
El Sastre del Campillo[65] Ponce 1907[65] Weekly; Luis Rodriguez Cabrero, director[65]
El Diario de Puerto Rico[lower-alpha 22][65] Ponce 1909[72] 1911[72] In 1911, its name was changed to El Día; Guillermo V. Cintrón, founder[72]
El Día[65] Ponce 1911[72] 1970[73] In 1970, its name was changed to El Nuevo Día; Guillermo V. Cintrón, founder[72]
Puerto Rico Evangélico[74] Ponce 1912 Nondaily; Protestant[17]
La Revista Gráfica del Sur Ponce 1939[75] 1945 Weekly;[75] José A. Lanauze Rolón and Joaquín Gil de La Madrid Padilla, founders.
El Sur a la Vista[76] Ponce[77] 2009 (October) 2012 (January) (c.)[78] Regional[76] Online.
El Reportero[79] Ponce 1980 1987
El Nacionalista[79] Ponce 1923 1928

See also

References
  1. 16 to 22 May 2018 (Issue 1848). 17 May 2018. page 2 Accessed 24 July 2019.
  2. Periódico "Es Noticia". Accessed 19 September 2019.
  3. Es Noticia. Page 3. Accessed 19 September 2019.
  4. La Esquina. Accessed 24 July 2019.
  5. El Laurel Sureño, Año 7, Edicion 124 (10 al 23 de Febrero 2017). Accessed 31 July 2019.
  6. About us.'
  7. Mark Curry of Sol Partners Acquires Digital News Daily NotiCel. 3 Jan 2017. Accessed 30 July 2019.
  8. Noticias Sur P.R. Accessed 19 September 2019.
  9. "Puerto Rico: Directory: the Press". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. p. 4573. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
  10. Periodico La Opinion del Sur. Page 4. Accessed 19 September 2019.
  11. Conmemoran la fundación de El Ponceño. Reinaldo Millán. La Perla del Sur. 25 July 2012. Accessed 18 August 2019.
  12. Presencia: Tu local del Noreste. Accessed 24 July 2019.
  13. Editorial: Voces del Sur reitera exigencia a página que copió su nombre. Redacción. Voces del Sur. 30 January 2021. (Quote, from the original in Spanish: "El periódico nació el 28 de diciembre de 2015 con presencia en Facebook y Twitter, y el 5 de julio de 2016 estrenó su portal vocesdelsurpr.com." English translation: "The paper was born on 28 SDecember 2015 with a presence in Facebook and Twitter, and on 5 July 2016 opened its (digital) portal at vocesdelsurpr.com.") Accessed 2 February 2021.
  14. Periodico Voces del Sur. Accessed 19 September 2019.
  15. El Sol de Puerto Rico. page 2. Accessed 19 September 2109.
  16. El Sol de Puerto Rico. Accessed 19 September 2019.
  17. Ayer 1922.
  18. "(Puerto Rico: San Juan)". Chronicling America: U.S. Newspaper Directory. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
  19. "La voz de la patria. (Mayagüez, P.R.) 1901-1922". Chronicling America: U.S. Newspaper Directory. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  20. "(Puerto Rico)", Caribbean Newspaper Digital Library, University of Florida, George A. Smathers Libraries, retrieved May 18, 2017
  21. "(Puerto Rico: San Juan)". Chronicling America: U.S. Newspaper Directory. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
  22. "Gazeta de Puerto-Rico. [volume]". Chronicling America « Library of Congress. 4 August 2008. ISSN 2327-3143. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  23. About El Imparcial. (San Juan, P.R.) 1918-197?. Chronicling America. Library of Congress. 2019. Accessed 11 December 2019.
  24. Cierra una institución de la Prensa del Oeste… La Estrella… Mi escuela…. Julio Victor Ramirez. 16 December 2015. Accessed 24 July 2019.
  25. Chronology of newspapers published in the 19th century: 1866-1875. Enciclopedia Puerto Rico. Accessed 18 August 2019.
  26. Newspapers, 19th Century. Grupo Editorial EPRL. Encyclopedia Puerto Rico. Accessed 18 August 2019.
  27. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 150.
  28. El libro de Puerto Rico: Capitulo XIX: Ciudades Principales: Ponce: Breve Sipnosis Historica. Juan Braschi. (E. Fernandez Garcia, editor. Francis W. Hoadley & Eugenio Astol, co-editors. San Juan, Puerto Rico: El Libro Azul Publishing Company. 1923.) p. 1065. Accessed 29 July 2019.
  29. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 151.
  30. Newspapers, 19th Century. Enciclopedia Puerto Rico. 2019.
  31. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina. p. 191.
  32. Chronology of newspapers published in the 19th century: 1866-1875. Enciclopedia Puerto Rico. Accessed 5 September 2019.
  33. Cronology of newspapers published in the 19th century: 1866-1875. Enciclopedia Puerto Rico. Accessed 5 September 2019.
  34. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, p. 182.
  35. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 154.
  36. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, p. 160.
  37. Socorro Girón. Ponce, el teatro La Perla, y La Campana de la Almudaina. Gobierno Municipal de Ponce. 1992. p. 182.
  38. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, p. 154.
  39. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, p. 155.
  40. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 152.
  41. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, p. 156.
  42. Image of "El Avisador Ponceño" from 1884. Accessed 18 August 2019.
  43. El Avisador Ponceño 1884 (Published on May 23, 2016): Periódico de Anuncios, Noticias y Literatura. Publicado en Ponce. Colección Puertorriqueña UPR RP, Universidad de Puerto Rico. Accessed 28 August 2019.
  44. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, pp. 157, 182.
  45. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, pp. 157, 188.
  46. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, p. 159.
  47. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 156.
  48. Socorro Girón. Ponce, el teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina. Gobierno Municipal de Ponce. 1992. p. 182.
  49. Socorro Girón. Ponce, el teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina. Gobierno Municipal de Ponce. 1992. p. 189.
  50. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, p. 191.
  51. Mariano Vidal Armstrong. Ponce: Notas para su Historia. San Juan, Puerto Rico. Segunda Edición. 1986. p. 60.
  52. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 157.
  53. Socorro Girón. "Ramon Marin y su tiempo." In, "Las Fiestas Populares de Ponce." Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. 1994. Page 28.
  54. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 158.
  55. "La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948". Chronicling America: U.S. Newspaper Directory. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  56. El libro de Puerto Rico: Capitulo XIX: Ciudades Principales: Ponce: Breve Sipnosis Historica. Juan Braschi. (E. Fernandez Garcia, editor. Francis W. Hoadley & Eugenio Astol, co-editors. San Juan, Puerto Rico: El Libro Azul Publishing Company. 1923.) p. 1066. Accessed 29 July 2019.
  57. El libro de Puerto Rico: Capitulo XIX: Ciudades Principales: Ponce: Breve Sipnosis Histórica. Juan Braschi. (E. Fernandez Garcia, editor. Francis W. Hoadley & Eugenio Astol, editors. San Juan, Puerto Rico: El Libro Azul Publishing Company. 1923.) p. 1066. Accessed 29 July 2019.
  58. El libro de Puerto Rico: Capitulo XIX: Ciudades Principales: Ponce: Breve Sipnosis Histórica. Juan Braschi. (E. Fernandez Garcia, editor. Francis W. Hoadley & Eugenio Astol, editors. San Juan, Puerto Rico: El Libro Azul Publishing Company. 1923.) p. 1067. Accessed 29 July 2019.
  59. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 160.
  60. El libro de Puerto Rico: Capitulo XIX: Ciudades Principales: Ponce: Breve Sipnosis Historica. Juan Braschi. (E. Fernandez Garcia, editor. Francis W. Hoadley & Eugenio Astol, co-editors. San Juan, Puerto Rico: El Libro Azul Publishing Company. 1923.) p. 1064. Accessed 29 July 2019.
  61. Historia de Puerto Rico. Paul G. Miller. New York: Rand, McNally and Co. 1922. Pages 507. Accessed 24 July 2019.
  62. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 156.
  63. Chronology of newspapers of the 19th century: 1898. Enciclopedia Puerto Rico. Accessed 5 September 2019.
  64. Cronología Selectiva Del Periodismo Puertorriqueño. Accessed 16 October 2019.
  65. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 161.
  66. El libro de Puerto Rico: Capitulo XIX: Ciudades Principales: Ponce: Breve Sipnosis Historica. Juan Braschi. (E. Fernandez Garcia, editor. Francis W. Hoadley & Eugenio Astol, co-editors. San Juan, Puerto Rico: El Libro Azul Publishing Company. 1923.) p. 1065. Accessed 30 July 2019.
  67. Chronology of newspapers of the 19th century: 1898.
  68. Los coches de Ponce. Wilbert Pagán Ayala. Hábitat. Reprinted by El Vocero. 5 January 2019. Accessed 26 November 2020.
  69. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, p. 427.
  70. Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 271.
  71. Socorro Girón. Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, p. 439.
  72. Guillermo A. Baralt. La Historia de El Nuevo Día (1909-2019): "Al servicio de mi tierra". Pages: Internal front cover, page 1. Fundación El Nuevo Día. San Juan, Puerto Rico. 2002. ISBN 1-881720-82-9.
  73. About El Día. (Ponce, P.R.) 1911-1970. National Endowment for the Humanities: Chronicling America, Historic American Newspapers. U. S. Library of Congress. Accessed 24 July 2019.
  74. Samuel Silva Gotay (1998). Protestantismo y política en Puerto Rico, 1898-1930 (in Spanish) (2nd ed.). La Editorial, Universidad de Puerto Rico. ISBN 978-0-8477-0364-7.
  75. Las políticas poblacionales en Puerto Rico: Cinco Años de Dominación Colonial. Arnaldo Torres Degró. Ph. D. Thesis. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Filosofía. Madrid, Spain. 2004. p. 325.
  76. Conocenos. El Sur a la Vista. Accessed 19 September 2019.
  77. Contactanos. El Sur a la Vista. Accessed 19 September 2019.
  78. Alcaldesa de Ponce lamenta el fallecimiento de Ruth Fernández. El Sur a la Vista. Ponce, Puerto Rico. Published 9 January 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2012. Archived at the WayBack Machine on 18 July 2012.
  79. Cronología Selectiva Del Periodismo Puertorriqueño. Accessed 16 October 2019.

Notes
  1. DBA, Periodico El Laurel, aka, "PEL"
  2. This is the latest date of publication provided by reliable sources
  3. Encyclopedia Puerto Rico calls this paper, "Ponce's first newspaper." (See, Newspapers, 19th Century. Grupo Editorial EPRL. Encyclopedia Puerto Rico. Accessed 18 August 2019.)
  4. In what appears to be a typo, on 25 July 2012, La Perla del Sur reported "El Ponceño" closed on "22 June 1854". See Conmemoran la fundación de El Ponceño. by Reianldo Millan.
  5. Not to be confused with El Eco del Comercio published in 1881 also by Lázaro Martínez, but which was a newspaper, not an encyclopedic weekly
  6. Unless it refers to a different paper by the same name, Encyclopedia Puerto Rico states this was a clandestine paper and was published from 1865 to 1866, when it changed its name to "El Pais", and ceased publishing in 1868 (as "El Pais"). (See Newspapers, 19th Century. Enciclopedia Puerto Rico. 2019.)
  7. Unless it refers to a different paper by the same name, Encyclopedia Puerto Rico states this paper was edited by Francisco Vidal. (See Newspapers, 19th Century. Enciclopedia Puerto Rico. 2019.)
  8. Socorro Girón, in her Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, pages 154 and 182, states the paper started publishing in 1873 (specifically, 20 April 1873). Enciclopedia Puerto Rico also states an 1873 start year.
  9. Apparently in a typographical error, the same historian, Socorro Girón, states in the same work, Ponce, el teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina, page 182, that the newspaper "El Derecho" lasted until 1875.
  10. Nowadays (2019), a more accurate title would be El Obrero, since what is called "obrero" (worker) today, was called "artesano" (artisan) in 1874. See Socorro Girón's Ponce, El teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina (1992), p. 156.
  11. Although Socorro Girón states 'El Avisador Ponceño' lived between 1874 and 1875, it may be a typographical error (1884-1885?) because "Colección Puertorriqueña" ( here) shows a copy of the 8 October 1884 issue of El Avisador
  12. Eduardo Neuman Gandía, in his Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce, page 154, states La Crónica was founded in 1878. In addition, Paul G. Miller (Historia de Puerto Rico. New York: Rand, McNally and Co. 1922. p. 507.) states La Crónica was founded in 1894. (See Historia de Puerto Rico. Accessed 24 July 2019.)
  13. The same historian, Socorro Girón, and in the same book appears to state La Crónica ceased publishing in 1887 (p. 189.)
  14. Socorro Girón (Ponce, el teatro La Perla y La Campana de la Almudaina. Gobierno Municipal de Ponce. 1992. p. 182.) appears to state the paper began publishing in 1879.
  15. In an apparent case of a typographical error, Socorro Girón states on page 191 of the same work, that La Avispa started publishing in April 1881
  16. Not to be confused with El Eco del Comercio published in 1857-1867 also by Lázaro Martínez, but which was an encyclopedic weekly, not a newspaper
  17. Encyclopedia Puerto Rico states this paper started publishing in 1861.
  18. Encyclopedia Puerto Rico states this paper published until around 1867.
  19. Enciclopedia Puerto Rico states "El Autonomista" was published in 1898. See article on "Chronology of newspapers of the 19th century: 1898", under "Newspapers, 19th Century" in Enciclopedia Puerto Rico.
  20. The newspaper "El Diario de Ponce" is not to be confused with "El Diario de Puerto Rico", which later became "El Dia", and is currently (2019) "El Nuevo Dia".
  21. See also, Eduardo Neumann Gandía. Verdadera y Auténtica Historia de la Ciudad de Ponce. p. 161.
  22. Not to be confused with "El Diario de Ponce", founded circa 1900.

Bibliography
See also: Media of Puerto Rico § Bibliography

in English

in Spanish
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