List of parishes in New Brunswick

The Canadian province of New Brunswick is divided by the Territorial Division Act[1] into 152 parishes,[lower-alpha 1] units which had political significance as subdivisions of counties until the Municipalities Act of 1966.[lower-alpha 2] Parishes still exist in law and include any municipality, rural community, or regional municipality within their borders.[2] They provided convenient boundaries for electoral districts[lower-alpha 3] and organising delivery of government services for some time after 1966 but were gradually supplanted for such purposes by local service districts (LSDs), which better represent communities of interest.

Provincial government guidelines require capitalising the word parish only if it follows the specific part of the name: e.g. Hopewell Parish but the parish of Hopewell.[6]

Other uses of the term parish

Confusion is caused by three other government uses of the term parish.

  • The provincial government uses LSDs to deliver services to unincorporated parts of the province. 128 LSDs[lower-alpha 4] have a name identical to the parish they are in at least partly in, but only 26[lower-alpha 5] have the same boundaries as the parish they are named after.
  • The provincial government divides the province into taxing authorities for the purpose of calculating and collecting property taxes. Municipalities, rural communities, regional municipalities, and LSDs can all have multiple taxing authorities. Taxing authorities follow property lines rather than municipal, parish or LSD boundaries[lower-alpha 6] and often share the name of an LSD they partially overlap.
  • Statistics Canada uses the term parish for any Census subdivision that is not an incorporated municipality, rural community, regional municipality or Indian reserve. Only 49 CSDs have the same borders as the parish they are named after.[lower-alpha 7]

List

148 of New Brunswick's parishes are used as the basis of census subdivisions by Statistics Canada, with a further two listed as dissolved CSDs.[9] Unless noted, all figures below are for census subdivisions, which do not include areas within municipalities, incorporated rural communities, or Indian reserves.

Former parishes
Name County Notes
FrederictonYorkIncorporated as a city in 1848. Still appears in the Territorial Division Act with its pre-1973 boundaries, but as a city rather than a parish; the modern municipal boundaries are much larger.
LancasterSaint JohnAmalgamated with the City of Saint John in 1967.
PortlandSaint JohnAmalgamated with the City of Saint John in 1889.

See also

Notes
  1. Plus the Cities of Saint John and Fredericton, and the Town of Grand Falls, although Fredericton and Grand Falls have both expanded their borders beyond those listed in the TDA.
  2. County municipalities were dissolved; 12 quasimunicipal commissions and 63 local improvement districts were converted to villages; and 85 parishes plus 7 former school districts with fire protection and/or other services were made local service districts.
  3. Parishes were used to define the boundaries of provincial electoral districts in reports from 1974-1993;[3][4] 2006 was the first report to use local service districts to define riding boundaries.[5]
  4. Two more parish LSDs - North Esk and South Esk - use different spellings than the parish they are named after; Saint Mary uses the parish's old name in English but the modern Sainte-Marie in French.
  5. 1 in Albert County, 7 in Charlotte, 1 in Kent, 7 in Kings, 2 in Madawaska, 2 in Queens, 1 in Saint John, 1 in Sunbury, 4 in York.
  6. Examples include several properties in the village of Eel River Crossing being taxed as part of the village of Charlo in 2014[7] and voting maps released by the Town of Hampton for its shared recreation services in 2016, including the LSD of the parish of Springfield.[8]
  7. 52 parishes have no municipality within their limits; 3 of these have Indian reserves.
  8. The local service district of the parish of Campobello was incorporated as a rural community on November 1, 2010; the parish itself still legally exists and appears in the Territorial Division Act.
  9. The local service district of Parish of Ludlow was replaced on March 10, 1971, by the new local service district of Upper Miramichi, which also included part of the local service district of the parish of Stanley; Upper Miramichi was incorporated as a rural community on March 17, 2008. The parish itself still legally exists and appears in the Territorial Division Act.
  10. The official name is Sainte-Marie in both languages.[1]
  11. These totals are not inclusive of the local service districts of the parishes of Campobello and Ludlow, which are now incorporated as rural communities (Ludlow as part of Upper Miramichi). See rural community for the total 2011 Census statistics of all rural communities in New Brunswick.

References
  1. "Chapter T-3 Territorial Division Act" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  2. "Chapter I-13 Interpretation Act" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  3. Graham, G. E.; Lanteigne, L.; Cloutier, Mrs. Benoit; Dick, W. B.; Jonah, H. N. (1974). "Appendix A". Report of the Representation and Electoral Districts Boundaries Commission. Government of New Brunswick.
  4. Creaghan, William L.M.; Jean, Bernard-A.; Clarke, Janice L.; Thériault, Nicole; Doiron, Claire; Toole, Frederick D.; Groom, Mabel (October 1993). A New Electoral Map for New Brunswick: The Final Report of The Representation and Electoral District Boundaries Commission. Province of New Brunswick. pp. 25–133.
  5. Larlee, Margaret; Robichaud, Brigitte; Brown, David; Carrier, Normand; Myers, Richard; Paulin, Réginald; Ward, Pam (20 February 2006). "Appendix B". A New Electoral Map for New Brunswick: Final Report of the Electoral Boundaries and Representation Commission. Province of New Brunswick.
  6. LeBlanc, Valmond (11 September 2020). "Legislate Assembly of New Brunswick Parliamentary Stylebook" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. p. 92. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  7. Let's Grow Together: Your future is in your hands! (Report). Government of New Brunswick. 8 October 2014. p. 6.
  8. "Public Vote for Residents of the Local Service District of Springfield re: Hampton Regional Multipurpose Facility". Town of Hampton website. 2016.
  9. Figure derived from counting parishes listed on "Census Profile, 2016 Census". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  10. "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (New Brunswick)". statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. May 28, 2012. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
  11. "Corrections and updates: Population and dwelling count amendments, 2011 Census". statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. February 14, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.
  12. "Census Profile". statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. October 24, 2012. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
  13. "Census Profile". statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. October 24, 2012. Retrieved January 30, 2013.
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