List of portraits in the Centre Block

The Centre Block, part of the complex of parliamentary buildings on Parliament Hill in Canada's capital, Ottawa, hosts a gallery of portraits of present and former Canadian monarchs, former Prime Ministers of Canada, and other figures.

History

The collection of portraits of Canada's monarchs originated with the acquiring of a state portrait of Queen Victoria for the parliament buildings of the Province of Canada in Montreal in 1849.[1] As successive monarchs came to the throne, their portraits were added to the gallery. However, it was not until Senator Serge Joyal took on the personal project of amassing portraits of monarchs prior to Victoria that the collection came closer to completion, including the Kings of France since Francis I.[2]

The prime minister's portrait gallery dates back to 1890, when John A. Macdonald, the first prime minister of the Dominion of Canada, assisted in the unveiling of his own portrait.[3] At first, the works were commissioned by friends and colleagues, made by the artist's own initiative, and then donated to the Crown Collection. A century later, a more systematic approach was implemented, and the artist is now chosen by the prime minister, although Curatorial Services provide suggerences and assistance on the choice.[3]

The portraits are viewed by over 400,000 people a year.[3]

Works

Paintings of French monarchs

Title/subjectArtistDate createdMedium
Francis I After Titien c. 1820 Oil on canvas
Louis XIII Philippe de Champaigne c. 1630 Oil on canvas
Louis XIV Hyacinthe Rigaud c. 1700 Oil on canvas
Louis XV Charles-André van Loo c. 1740 Oil on canvas

Paintings of British monarchs

Title/subjectArtistDate createdMedium
George III Joshua Reynolds 1779 Oil on canvas
George IV Thomas Lawrence 1822 Oil on canvas
William IV Frederick Christian Lewis 1831 Engraving
Victoria John Partridge 1842 Oil on canvas
Edward VII Luke Fildes 1903 Oil on canvas

Paintings of Canadian monarchs

Title/subjectArtistDate createdMedium
George V Luke Fildes 1913 Oil on canvas
Edward VIII Carl Vandyk 1936 Photolithograph
George VI Robert Swain 1955 Oil on canvas
Elizabeth II Lilias Torrance Newton 1957 Oil on canvas

Paintings of prime ministers

Title/subjectArtistDate createdMedium
John A. Macdonald[n 1] Henry Sandham 1889 Oil on canvas
Alexander Mackenzie John Wycliffe Lowes Forster 1897 Oil on canvas
John Abbott Muli Tang 2002 Oil on canvas
John Sparrow David Thompson John Wycliffe Lowes Forster 1897 Oil on canvas
Mackenzie Bowell Joanne Tod 2002 Oil on canvas
Charles Tupper Victor Albert Long 1896 Oil on canvas
Wilfrid Laurier John Wentworth Russell 1919 Oil on canvas
Robert Borden Kenneth Keith Forbes 1947 Oil on canvas
Arthur Meighen Ernest Fosbery 1948 Oil on canvas
William Lyon Mackenzie King Frank Owen Salisbury 1945 Oil on canvas
Richard Bedford Bennett Kenneth Keith Forbes 1962 Oil on canvas
Louis St. Laurent Audrey Watts McNaughton 1958 Oil on canvas
John Diefenbaker Cleeve Horne 1968 Oil on canvas
Lester B. Pearson Hugh Seaforth Mackenzie 1968 Tempera on masonite
Pierre Trudeau Myfanwy Spencer Pavelic 1991 Acrylic on canvas
Joe Clark Patrick Douglass Cox 2008
John Turner Brenda Bury 1999 Oil on canvas
Brian Mulroney Igor V. Babailov 2002 Oil on canvas
Kim Campbell David Goatley 2004 Oil on canvas
Jean Chrétien Christian Nicholson 2010 Oil on canvas
Paul Martin Paul Wyse 2016 Oil on canvas

Paintings of Speakers of the House of Assembly of the Province of Lower Canada

Title/subjectArtistDate createdMedium
Jean-Antoine Panet Copy by Théophile Hamel 1856 Oil on canvas
Michel Chartier de Lotbinière Copy by Théophile Hamel 1854 Oil on canvas
Louis-Joseph Papineau Alfred Boisseau 1881 Oil on canvas

Speakers of the House of Assembly of the Province of Upper Canada

Title/subjectArtistDate createdMedium
David William Smith Théophile Hamel 1859 Oil on canvas
Alexander Macdonell Copy by Théophile Hamel 1854 Oil on canvas
Levius Peters Sherwood Copy by Théophile Hamel 1855 Oil on canvas
John Willson Théophile Hamel 1855 Oil on canvas
Marshall Spring Bidwell Théophile Hamel 1854 Oil on canvas
Archibald McLean Théophile Hamel 1854 Oil on canvas
Sir Allan Napier MacNab[n 2] Théophile Hamel 1853 Oil on canvas
Henry Ruttan Théophile Hamel 1856 Oil on canvas

Paintings of Speakers of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada

Title/subjectArtistDate createdMedium
Austin Cuvillier Copy by Théophile Hamel 1856 Oil on canvas
Augustin-Norbert Morin Théophile Hamel 1854 Oil on canvas
John Sandfield Macdonald Théophile Hamel 1854 Oil on canvas
Louis-Victor Sicotte Théophile Hamel 1855 Oil on canvas
Henry Smith William Sawyer 1869 Oil on canvas
Joseph-Édouard Turcotte Théophile Hamel 1865 Oil on canvas
Lewis Wallbridge William Sawyer 1873 Oil on canvas

Paintings of Speakers of the House of Commons

Title/subjectArtistDate createdMedium
James Cockburn George Theodore Berthon 1872 Oil on canvas
Timothy Anglin John Colin Forbes 1878 Oil on canvas
Joseph-Godéric Blanchet John Colin Forbes c. 1880 Oil on canvas
George Airey Kirkpatrick Frances E. Richards Rowley 1887 Oil on canvas
Joseph-Aldéric Ouimet René Émile Quentin 1889 Oil on canvas
Peter White Robert Harris 1894 Oil on canvas
James David Edgar Alphonse Jongers c. 1899 Oil on canvas
Thomas Bain John Colin Forbes c. 1900 Oil on canvas
Louis-Philippe Brodeur Ozias Leduc 1904 Oil on canvas
Napoléon Belcourt Charles Ignace Adélard Gill c. 1905 Oil on canvas
Robert Franklin Sutherland John Wycliffe Lowes Forster c. 1906 Oil on canvas
Charles Marcil Ulric Lamarche 1912 Oil on canvas
Thomas Simpson Sproule John Colin Forbes c. 1913 Oil on canvas
Albert Sévigny Charles Huot c. 1918 Oil on canvas
Edgar Nelson Rhodes Sir Edmund Wyly Grier 1921 Oil on canvas
Rodolphe Lemieux Jacqueline Comerre Paton c. 1924 Oil on canvas
George Black Kenneth Keith Forbes 1934 Oil on canvas
James Langstaff Bowman Kenneth Keith Forbes c. 1935 Oil on canvas
Pierre-François Casgrain Kenneth Keith Forbes c. 1940 Oil on canvas
James Allison Glen Kenneth Keith Forbes c. 1945 Oil on canvas
Gaspard Fauteux Kenneth Keith Forbes 1946 Oil on canvas
William Ross Macdonald Lilias Torrance Newton 1951 Oil on canvas
Louis-René Beaudoin Kenneth Keith Forbes 1960 Oil on canvas
Roland Michener Cleeve Horne 1962 Oil on canvas
Marcel Lambert Kenneth Keith Forbes 1963 Oil on canvas
Alan Macnaughton Lilias Torrance Newton c. 1964 Oil on canvas
Lucien Lamoureux Suraj Sadan 1977 Oil on canvas
James Jerome Robert Stewart Hyndman 1979 Oil on canvas
Jeanne Sauvé Brenda Bury 1984 Oil on canvas
Cyril Lloyd Francis Anita Elizabeth Kertzer 1987 Oil on canvas
John Bosley Shirley Van Dusen 1993 Oil on canvas
John Allen Fraser Gregory Furmanczyk 1994 Oil on canvas
Gilbert Parent David Goatley 2001 Oil on canvas
Peter Milliken Paul Wyse 2012 Oil on canvas
Andrew Scheer Juan Carlos Martínez 2018 Oil on canvas

Paintings of the Fathers of Confederation

Title/subjectArtistDate createdMedium
The Fathers of Confederation Rex Woods 1968 Oil on canvas
George-Étienne Cartier[n 3] Juliette de Lavoye c. 1965 Watercolour on ivory / Glass; velvet; walnut
Thomas D'Arcy McGee Bruce Mitchell 1957 Oil on canvas
George Brown Juliette de Lavoye c. 1965 Watercolour on ivory; Glass; velvet; walnut

Paintings of historic events and people

Title/subjectArtistDate createdMedium
The Royal Visit, 1939 Frank Owen Salisbury 1941 Oil on canvas
Opening of Parliament in the 19th Century William Harvey Sadd 1901 Oil on canvas
Discovery of Canada by Jacques Cartier Copy by Augustine Leriverend after Ferdinand Perrot (1840) Oil on canvas
Major General James Wolfe Copy by Théophile Hamel c. 1865 Oil on canvas
Louis-Joseph de Montcalm Copy by Théophile Hamel c. 1865 Oil on canvas
George Prevost Copy by Théophile Hamel after Robert Field (c. 1808) 1864 Oil on canvas
Amerigo Vespucci Copy by Antoine Sébastien Falardeau 1857 Oil on canvas
Christopher Columbus Copy by Antoine Sébastien Falardeau 1853 Oil on canvas

Sculptures

Title/Subject Public Office Artist Date Painted/Created Medium
George Harold Baker Member of Parliament Robert Tait McKenzie 1923 Bronze
Robert Borden Prime Minister Alfred Laliberté 1915 Marble
Robert Borden Prime Minister Lionel Gooch Fosbery 1927 Plaster, painted
Ellen Fairclough First Woman Cabinet Minister Elizabeth M. Bradford Holbrook 1959 Bronze
William Lyon Mackenzie King Prime Minister Avard Tennyson Fairbanks 1943 Bronze
Wilfrid Laurier Prime Minister Lionel Gooch Fosbery 1938 Plaster, painted
Alexander Mackenzie Prime Minister Cléophas Soucy 1943 Plaster, painted
Agnes Macphail First woman elected to the House of Commons Felix Weihs de Weldon 1939 Bronze
Roland Michener Governor General, Speaker of the House of Commons Kenneth Jarvis 1982 Bronze
Louis St. Laurent Prime Minister, Member of Parliament Ernest Richard Gause 1954 Bronze
J. S. Woodsworth Leader of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, Member of Parliament Cléophas Soucy 1946 Plaster, painted
John George Bourinot Clerk of the House of Commons Roland Beauchamp 1949 Bronze
Adam Dollard des Ormeaux colonist and soldier in Ville Marie, New France Alfred Laliberté 1923 (c. 1911-1915) Bronze
La France Auguste Rodin 1921 (1904) Bronze

Notes

  1. Also a Father of Confederation
  2. Also sat as the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada
  3. Also the former Joint-Premier of the United Provinces of Canada

References

  1. Clerk of the Senate. "Canada: A Constitutional Monarchy > Victoria". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 4 February 2010.
  2. Clerk of the Senate. "Canada: A Constitutional Monarchy > Francois I". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 4 February 2010.
  3. Clerk of the House of Commons. "Fine Arts > Prime Ministers' Portrait Gallery". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 4 February 2010.
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