List of role-playing video games: 1975 to 1985

This is a comprehensive index of commercial role-playing video games, sorted chronologically by year. Information regarding date of release, developer, publisher, operating system, subgenre and notability is provided where available. The table can be sorted by clicking on the small boxes next to the column headings. This list does not include MUDs or MMORPGs. It does include roguelikes, action RPGs and tactical RPGs.

This video game-related list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Legend

Video game platforms

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Types of releases

Rerelease	The game was re-released on the same platform with no or only minor changes.
Port	The game first appeared on a different platform and a port was made. The game is like the original, with few or no differences.
Remake	The game is an enhanced remake of an original, released on the same or different platform, with changes to graphics, sound and/or gameplay.
Compilation	A compilation, anthology or collection of several titles, usually (but not always) belonging to the same series.
Limited	A special release (often called "Limited" or "Collector's Edition") with bonus collector's material. Often provided to people who pre-order a game.

Genre notes

Action RPG	Action role-playing game
Tactical RPG	Tactical role-playing game
Roguelike	Roguelike
Eroge	Japanese game featuring erotic content
MMORPG	Massively multiplayer online role-playing game
MUD	MUD
Turn-based	Turn-based game
Real-time	Real-time game

FPS/RPG	First-person shooter / RPG hybrid (role-playing shooter)
RTS/RPG	Real-time strategy / RPG hybrid (real-time strategy RPG)
CRPG/WRPG	Computer-style role-playing game
JRPG	Japanese-style role-playing game
Dungeon crawl	Dungeon crawl
Monster raising	Pet-raising simulation
Card battle	Collectible card game
Blobber	First-person party-based RPG
Sandbox	Open world RPG

List

Year	Title	Developer	Publisher	Setting	Platform	Subgenre	Series/Notes	COO
1975 (NA)	dnd	Gary Whisenhunt, Ray Wood, Dirk Pellett, Flint Pellett		Fantasy	PLATO			US
1975 (NA)	m199h			Fantasy	PLATO		Later deleted and lost to history.[1]	US
1975 (NA)	Dungeon	Don Daglow		Fantasy	PDP-10			US
1975 (NA)	Dungeon	John Daleske, others		Fantasy	PLATO			US
1975 (NA)	Moria	Kevet Duncombe, others		Fantasy	PLATO			US
1975 (NA)	pedit5	Rusty Rutherford		Fantasy	PLATO			US
1975 (NA)[2]	orthanc	Eric Hagstrom, Larry Kemp, Paul Resch		Fantasy	PLATO		Named after Saruman's tower in The Lord of the Rings.[3] Based on pedit5.[1]	US
1977 (NA)[4]	Oubliette	Jim Schwaiger		Fantasy	PLATO		"Oubliette" is French for "dungeon".	US
1977 (NA)	DND	Daniel M Lawrence		Fantasy	PDP-10			US
1978 (NA)	Beneath Apple Manor		Software Factory	Fantasy	APPII	Roguelike	Lo-res/Text mode graphics.[5]	US
1979 (NA)	Akalabeth: World of Doom	Richard Garriott	California Pacific	Fantasy	APPII DOS		Sometimes known as Ultima 0.	US
1979 (NA)	avatar	Bruce Maggs, Andrew Shapira, David Sides		Fantasy	PLATO			US
1979 (NA)	Dungeon of Death		Instant Software, Inc	Fantasy	PET	Dungeon crawl	Based on the PLATO game DND.[6]	US
1979 (NA)	Dunjonquest: The Datestones of Ryn	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	APPII PET TRS80			US
1979 (NA)	Dunjonquest: Morloc's Tower	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	APPII PET TRS80			US
1979 (NA)	Space I	Edu-Ware	Edu-Ware	Sci-Fi	APPII		An adaptation of Traveller, which was taken off the market after a lawsuit by Game Designers Workshop.	US
1979 (NA)	Space II	Edu-Ware	Edu-Ware	Sci-Fi	APPII		Expansion to Space.	US
1979 (NA)	Temple of Apshai	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	PET TRS80	Dungeon crawl	Series debuts.	US
1979 (NA)	Wilderness Campaign	Synergistic Software	Synergistic Software	Fantasy	APPII		Sequel to Dungeon Campaign for Apple II	US
1980 (NA)	Dunjonquest: The Datestones of Ryn	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	ATR (Port)	Dungeon crawl		US
1980 (NA)	Eamon	Donald Brown		Fantasy	APPII	Adventure-RPG	Adventure-RPG construction system.[7]	US
1980 (NA)	Fracas	Quality (Stuart Smith)	Computersmiths	Fantasy	APPII			US
1980 (NA)	Rogue	Michael Toy, et al.	Various	Fantasy	UNIX	Roguelike	This was the beginning of roguelike computer games. For further developments see Chronology of roguelike video games.	US
1980 (NA)	Dunjonquest: Hellfire Warrior	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	APPII TRS80 PET	Dungeon crawl	Sequel to Temple of Apshai	US
1980 (NA)	Odyssey: The Compleat Apventure	Synergistic Software	Synergistic Software	Fantasy	APPII		Combines Dungeon Campaign and Wilderness Campaign by the same author.[8]	US
1980 (NA)	Dunjonquest: Morloc's Tower	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	ATR (Port)			US
1980 (NA)	Starquest: Rescue at Rigel	Epyx	Epyx	Sci-fi	APPII TRS80		Spin-off of Dunjonquest series.	US
1980 (NA)	Starquest: Star Warrior	Epyx	Epyx	Sci-fi	TRS80		Spin-off of Dunjonquest series.	US
1980 (NA)	Temple of Apshai	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	APPII (Port)			US
1981 (NA)	Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves	Quality	Quality	Fantasy	ATR		Remake of Fracas	US
1981 (NA)	Dunjonquest: Datestones of Ryn	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	ATR (Port)			US
1981 (NA)	The Keys of Acheron	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	APPII TRS80		Expansion of Temple of Apshai: Hellfire Warrior.	US
1981 (NA)	Dunjonquest: Morloc's Tower	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	ATR (Port)			US
1981 (NA)	Quest 1	Brian Reynolds	SoftSide	Fantasy	TRS80 APPII (Port) ATR (Port)	Dungeon crawl		US
1981 (NA)	Starquest: Rescue at Rigel	Epyx	Epyx	Sci-fi	ATR		Spin-off of Dunjonquest series.	US
1981 (NA)	Starquest: Star Warrior	Epyx	Epyx	Sci-fi	APPII ATR		Spin-off of Dunjonquest series.	US
1981 (NA)	SwordThrust	Donald Brown	CE Software	Fantasy	APPII	Adventure-RPG	Enhanced remake of Eamon for Apple II.[9]	US
1981 (NA)	Temple of Apshai	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	ATR (Port)		Series debuts.	US
1981 (NA)	Ultima	Richard Garriott	California Pacific	Fantasy	APPII		Series debuts. Re-released by Origin in 1986.	US
1981 (NA)	Upper Reaches of Apshai	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	APPII TRS80		Expansion for Temple of Apshai.	US
1981 (NA)	Wizardry: Proving Grounds of the Mad Overlord	Sir-Tech	Sir-Tech	Fantasy	APPII	Dungeon crawl	Dungeon crawl in the style of the PLATO RPGs. Series debuts.	US
1982 (NA)	Advanced Dungeons & Dragons Cartridge (NA)	APh (NA)	Mattel (NA)	Fantasy	INT[10]	Action-adventure game[11][12] Dungeon crawl		US
1982 (NA)	Apventure to Atlantis	Synergistic Software	Synergistic Software	Fantasy	APPII		Sequel to Odyssey: The Compleat Apventure.[13]	US
1982 (JP)	Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves	Quality	Quality	Fantasy	APPII (Port)			US
1982 (NA)	Curse of Ra	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	APPII ATR DOS TRS80		Expansion of Temple of Apshai.	US
1982 (JP)	Danchizuma no Yuwaku (JP) 団地妻の誘惑 (JP)	Koei (JP)	Koei (JP)	Modern	PC88 FM7	Adventure RPG[14][15] Eroge[16]		JP
1982 (NA)	Danger in Drindisti	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	APPII ATR TRS80		Expansion of Temple of Apshai: Hellfire Warrior.	US
1982 (NA)	Dragonstomper (NA)	Starpath (NA)	Starpath (NA)	Fantasy	ATR26[17]	Pre-JRPG[18][19]		US
1982 (NA)	Dungeons of Daggorath	DynaMicro (Douglas J. Morgan, Keith S. Kiyohara)	Tandy	Fantasy	TRSCC	Dungeon crawl Real-time, but text-driven		US
1982 (NA)	Dunzhin	Intelligent Statements	ScreenPlay Computer Applications Unlimited Med Systems Software	Fantasy	APPII PCB TRS80	Roguelike[20]	Part 1 of Warriors of Ras	US
1982 (NA)	Hellfire Warrior	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	ATR (Port)		Sequel to Temple of Apshai.	US
1982 (NA)	Keys of Acheron, The	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	ATR (Port)		Expansion to Temple of Apshai: Hellfire Warrior.	US
1982 (NA)	Mazies & Crazies	TAB Books	TAB Books	Fantasy	TRS-80		Example program in how-to programming book [21]	US
1982 (NA)	Starquest: Rescue at Rigel	Epyx	Epyx	Sci-fi	VIC20 (Port)		Spin-off of Dunjonquest series.	US
1982 (NA)	Sword of Fargoal	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	VIC20	Roguelike[22]		US
1982 (NA)	Telengard	Avalon Hill	Avalon Hill	Fantasy	APPII ATR PET TRS80	Early roguelike relative	Based on DND.	US
1982 (NA)	Temple of Apshai	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	DOS (Port)			US
1982 (NA)	Tunnels of Doom	Kevin Kenney	Texas Instruments	Fantasy	TI99			US
1982 (NA)	Ultima II:The Revenge of the Enchantress	Richard Garriott	Sierra	Fantasy	APPII			US
1982 (NA)	Upper Reaches of Apshai	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	ATR (Port) DOS (Port)		Expansion of Temple of Apshai.	US
1982 (NA)	Wizardry II: The Knight of Diamonds	Sir-Tech	Sir-Tech	Fantasy	APPII			US
1983 (NA)	Advanced Dungeons & Dragons: Treasure of Tarmin (NA)	APh (NA)	Mattel (NA)	Fantasy	INT[10]	Turn-based[23] Dungeon crawl[24]		US
1983 (NA)	Amulet, The	Numenor Microsystems	Numenor Microsystems	Fantasy	DOS	[25]		CA
1983 (NA)	Beneath Apple Manor		Quality Software	Fantasy	DOS (Port) ATR (Port)	Roguelike	Graphical or textmode options.[26]	US
1983 (JP)	Bokosuka Wars (JP) ボコスカウォーズ (JP)	Koji Sumii (JP)	ASCII (JP)	Fantasy	X1 MSX (Port) NES (Port)	Tactical RPG[27] RTS/RPG[28] Action RPG[29][30]		JP
1983 (NA)	Expedition Amazon	Penguin Software	Penguin Software	Modern	APPII	[31]		US
1983 (NA)	Gateway to Apshai	Connelley Group	Epyx	Fantasy	ATR C64			US
1983 (NA)	Morloc's Tower	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	PCB (Port)		Port of Dunjonquest: Morloc's Tower for TRS80.[32]	US
1983 (JP)	Nobunaga's Ambition (JP) 信長の野望 (JP)	Koei (JP)	Koei (JP)	Historical	MSX NES (Port)	Tactical RPG[33]	Series debuts.	JP
1983 (NA)	Rescue at Rigel	Epyx	Epyx	Sci-fi	DOS (Port) PCB (Port)		Port of Rescue at Rigel for TRS80.[34]	US
1983 (JP)	Return of Heracles	Quality (Stuart Smith)	Quality	Fantasy	ATR			US
1983 (NA)	Star Warrior	Epyx	Epyx	Sci-fi	DOS (Port)		Port of Star Warrior for TRS80.[34]	US
1983 (NA)	Telengard	Avalon Hill Kiya Overseas Industry Co., Ltd	Avalon Hill	Fantasy	C64 (Port) FM7 (Port)			US
1983 (NA)	Temple of Apshai	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	C64 (Port) VIC20 (Port)		Port of Temple of Apshai for TRS80.	US
1983 (NA)	Curse of Ra	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	C64 (Port)		Expansion of Temple of Apshai.	US
1983 (NA)	Ultima	Richard Garriott	Sierra	Fantasy	ATR (Port)			US
1983 (NA)	Ultima II:The Revenge of the Enchantress	Richard Garriott	Sierra	Fantasy	ATR (Port) C64 (Port) DOS (Port)			US
1983 (NA)	Ultima III: Exodus	Origin	Origin	Fantasy	APPII ATR (Port) C64 (Port)		Pioneered many innovations that would become standard on many CRPGs that followed.	US
1983 (NA)	Ultima: Escape from Mount Drash	Keith Zabalaoui	Sierra	Fantasy	VIC20			US
1983 (NA)	Upper Reaches of Apshai	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	C64 (Port)		Expansion of Temple of Apshai.	US
1983 (EU)	Volcanic Dungeon	Carnell Software	Roy Carnell and Stuart A. Galloway	Fantasy	ZX ZX81 DG32	Roguelike adventure-RPG[35]	Sequel to Black Crystal.	UK
1983 (EU)	Wizardry: Proving Grounds of the Mad Overlord	Sir-Tech	Ediciel	Fantasy	APPII		French translation of Wizardry: Proving Grounds of the Mad Overlord.	US
1983 (NA)	Wizardry III: Legacy of Llylgamyn	Sir-Tech	Sir-Tech	Fantasy	APPII	Dungeon crawl		US
1984 (JP)	Age of Adventure	Quality	Quality	Fantasy	APPII (Comp) ATR (Comp) C64 (Comp)		Port and compilation of Return of Heracles and Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves for ATR.	US
1984 (JP)	Black Onyx, The (JP) ザ・ブラックオニキス (JP)	Bullet-Proof (JP)	Bullet-Proof (JP)	Fantasy	PC88	Dungeon crawl[36]	Often considered the first Japanese RPG ever released[37]	JP
1984 (JP)	The Black Onyx II: Search for the Fire Crystal (JP) ザ・ブラックオニキス (JP)	Bullet-Proof (JP)	Bullet-Proof (JP)	Fantasy	PC88	Dungeon crawl[38]		JP
1984 (UK)	The Citadel of Chaos	Puffin Books	Puffin Books	Fantasy	C64 ZX		Adaptation of the Fighting Fantasy gamebook.[39]	UK
1984 (JP/NA)	Dragon Buster (JP) ドラゴンバスター (JP)	Namco (JP)	Namco (JP)	Fantasy	Arcade PC88 MSX NES	Action RPG[40] Dungeon crawl[41]	Series debuts.	JP
1984 (JP)	Dragon Slayer (JP) ドラゴンスレイヤー (JP)	Nihon Falcom (JP)	Nihon Falcom (JP)	Fantasy	PC88	Action RPG[42][43] JRPG[43]	Series debuts.	JP
1984 (NA)	DND	R. O. Software	R. O. Software	Fantasy	DOS		Port of TOPS-10 version of DND by Daniel Lawrence.[44]	US
1984 (NA)	Expedition Amazon	Penguin Software	Penguin Software (US) Starcraft Incorporated (J)	Modern	C64 FM7 PC88 PC98	[45]		US
1984 (EU)	The Forest of Doom	Puffin Books	Puffin Books	Fantasy	C64 ZX		Adaptation of the Fighting Fantasy Gamebook.[46]	UK
1984 (NA)	Gateway to Apshai (NA)	The Connely Group (NA)	Epyx (NA)	Fantasy	CLV[47]	Dungeon crawl[48]		UK
1984 (JP)	Hydlide (JP) ハイドライド (JP)	T&E (JP)	T&E (JP)	Fantasy	PC88 PC98	Action RPG[49] JRPG[49]	Series debuts.	JP
1984 (NA)	Lords of Midnight, The	Mike Singleton	Beyond Software Amsoft	Fantasy	ZX CPC	Adventure-RPG		UK
1984 (JP)	Psychic City (JP) サイキックシティ (JP)	HOT·B	HOT·B	Post-apocalyptic	PC88[50] FM7[51]			JP
1984 (NA)	Questron	SSI	SSI	Fantasy	APPII ATR C64		Series debuts.	US
1984 (NA)	Shadowkeep	Ultrasoft Inc.	Trillium Corp.	Fantasy	APPII		Adapted into a novel by Alan Dean Foster	US
1984 (NA)	SunDog: Frozen Legacy	FTL	FTL Accolade	Sci-Fi	APPII			US
1984 (NA/JP)	Telengard	Avalon Hill	Eclipse Software (NA) Kiya Overseas Industry, Ltd. (JP)	Fantasy	C64 (Port) PC88 (Port) PC98 (Port)			US
1984 (JP/NA)	Tower of Druaga, The (JP) ドルアーガの塔 (JP)	Namco	Namco	Fantasy	Arcade	Action RPG[43] JRPG[43]	Series debuts.	JP
1984 (NA)	Wizardry: Proving Grounds of the Mad Overlord	Sir-Tech	Sir-Tech	Fantasy	PCB (Port)			US
1984 (EU)	Wrath of Magra, The	Mastervision	Carnell Software (Roy Carnell, Stephen Kirk, Stuart A. Galloway)	Fantasy	ZX		Sequel to Volcanic Dungeon.	UK
1984 (NA)	Xyphus	Penguin Software	Penguin Software	Fantasy	APPII C64			US
1984 (NA)	Zyll	IBM	IBM	Fantasy	PCB		Text-based with randomized layout.[52]	US
1985 (NA) 1984 (EU)	Stuart Smith's Adventure Construction Set		Ariolasoft UK Electronic Arts	Fantasy Sci-Fi	C64 APPII		RPG maker with sample games.	US
1985 (NA/UK)	Alternate Reality: The City	Paradise	Datasoft U.S. Gold	Sci-Fi	ATR		Series debuts.	US
1985 (NA)	Autoduel	Origin Systems	Origin Systems	Post-apocalyptic	AMI APPII ATR C64 DOS MAC ST		Based on Car Wars, by Steve Jackson Games.	US
1985 (NA)	Bards Tale, The	Interplay	EA	Fantasy	APPII C64		The first CRPG to put Interplay on the map as a future CRPG developer.	US
1985 (JP/PAL)	Black Onyx, The (JP/PAL) ザ・ブラックオニキス (JP)	Bullet-Proof	Bullet-Proof ASCII	Fantasy	FM7 MSX[53]	Dungeon crawl[36][37]		JP
1985 (JP)	Cosmic Soldier (JP) コズミックソルジャー (JP)	Kogado	Kogado ASCII	Sci-Fi	MSX2[53] PC88[54]	Dungeon crawl[54] Eroge[54]		JP
1985 (JP)	Courageous Perseus (JP) カレイジアスペルセウス (JP)	Cosmos computer	Cosmos computer	Fantasy	MSX[53]	Action RPG		JP
1985 (NA)	Doomdark's Revenge	Mike Singleton	Beyond Software	Fantasy	ZX CPC C64	Adventure-RPG	Sequel to The Lords of Midnight	UK
1985 (JP)	Dragon Slayer (JP) ドラゴンスレイヤー (JP)	Nihon Falcom	Square	Fantasy	MSX[53]	Action RPG[42][43]		JP
1985 (JP)	Dragon Slayer II: Xanadu (JP) ザナドゥ (JP)	Nihon Falcom	Nihon Falcom	Fantasy	PC88 PC98	Action RPG[55]		JP
1985 (JP)	Earth Fighter Rayieza, The (JP) Chikyū Senshi Raīza (JP) 地球戦士ライーザ (JP)	Enix	Enix	Sci-Fi	PC88 FM7 X1 MSX	Action RPG		JP
1985 (JP)	Fantasian (JP)	Xtalsoft	Xtalsoft	Fantasy	PC88 X1	Dungeon crawl		JP
1985 (JP)	Genesis: Beyond The Revelation (JP) Genesis (JP) ジェネシス (JP)	Square	Square	Post-apocalyptic	PC88[56][57]			JP
1985 (JP)	Hydlide (JP) ハイドライド (JP)	T&E	T&E	Fantasy	MSX[53] MSX2[53]	Action RPG[49]		JP
1985 (JP)	Hydlide II: Shine of Darkness (JP) ハイドライド II (JP)	T&E	T&E	Fantasy	PC88	Action RPG[49]		JP
1985 (EU)	Mandragore	Infogrames Entertainment	Infogrames Entertainment	Fantasy	APPII	[58]		FR
1985 (JP)	Outroyd (JP) アウトロイド (JP)	Stratford Computer Center	MagicalZoo	Sci-Fi	MSX[53]			JP
1985 (NA)	Phantasie	SSI	SSI	Fantasy	APPII		Series debuts.	US
1985 (NA)	Phantasie	Logical Design	SSI	Fantasy	C64 (Port)		Port of Phantasie for APPII. Series debuts.	US
1985 (JP)	Rambo (JP) ランボー (JP)	Pack-In-Video	Pack-In-Video	Modern	MSX[53]	Action RPG[59]		JP
1985 (JP)	Screamer, The (JP)	Magical Zoo	Magical Zoo	Post-apocalyptic Survival horror	PC88 PC98	Action RPG[60] Role-playing shooter[60][61]		JP
1985 (NA)	SunDog: Frozen Legacy	FTL	FTL	Sci-Fi	ST (Port)			US
1985 (NA)	Telengard	Avalon Hill	Avalon Hill	Fantasy	DOS (Port)			US
1985 (NA)	Temple of Apshai Trilogy	Epyx	Epyx	Fantasy	AMI (Comp) APPII (Comp) ATR (Comp) C64 (Comp) DOS (Comp)		Remake and compilation of the first three Temple of Apshai games.	US
1985 (JP)	Tower of Druaga, The (JP) ドルアーガの塔 (JP)	Namco	Namco	Fantasy	NES MSX X68	Action RPG[62] JRPG[43]	Port of The Tower of Druaga for the Arcade.	JP
1985 (JP)	Tritorn	Sein-soft	Sein-soft	Fantasy	PC88 X1	Action RPG[63]		JP
1985 (NA)	Ultima II:The Revenge of the Enchantress	Richard Garriott	Sierra	Fantasy	MAC (Port) ST (Port)			US
1985 (NA)	Ultima III: Exodus	Origin	Origin	Fantasy	DOS (Port)			US
1985 (NA)	Ultima IV: Quest of the Avatar	Origin	Origin	Fantasy	APPII C64 (Port) DOS (Port)		The first major CRPG to move to a "virtuous" story-driven approach.	US
1985 (NA)	Wizard's Crown	SSI	SSI	Fantasy	DOS			US
1985 (NA)	Wizardry: Proving Grounds of the Mad Overlord	Sir-Tech	Sir-Tech	Fantasy	MAC (Port)			US
1985 (NA)	Xyphus	Penguin Software	Penguin Software	Fantasy	MAC (Port)		Top-down perspective.[64]	US

References

Barton, Matt (2007-07-03). "Fun with PLATO". Armchair Arcade. Archived from the original on 2017-11-20. Retrieved 2010-09-08.
Williams, Andrew (2017). History of Digital Games: Developments in Art, Design and Interaction. CRC Press. ISBN 9781317503811. Retrieved 2020-04-17.
King, Brad; Borland, John M. (2003). Dungeons and Dreamers: The Rise of Computer Game Culture from Geek to Chic. McGraw-Hill/Osborne. ISBN 0-07-222888-1. Retrieved 2010-09-25.
Bartle, Richard (2003). Designing Virtual Worlds. New Riders. p. 741. ISBN 0-13-101816-7. Jim Schwaiger's 1977 game Oubliette (inspired by Dungeons & Dragons and Chuck Miller's earlier multiplayer game, Mines of Moria) had a first-person point of view and used line graphics to render the scene ahead. [...] In late 1979, the first ever fully functional graphical virtual world was released: Avatar. Written by a group of students to out-do Oubliette, it was to become the most successful PLATO game ever--it accounted for 6% of all the hours spent on the system between September 1978 and May 1985.
"Beneath Apple Manor for Apple II (1978) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-01.
"Dungeon of Death for Commodore 64". Mobygames. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
"Eamon for Apple II (1980)". Mobygames. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
"Odyssey: The Compleat Apventure". Mobygames. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
"SwordThrust for Apple II (1981) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-10.
"Released Intellivision Cartridges". IntellivisionLives.com. Archived from the original on 2007-07-16. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
"List of games: Action Adventure". allgame. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
Levi Buchanan (March 6, 2008). "Dungeons & Dragons Classic Videogame Retrospective". IGN. Retrieved 2011-03-18.
"Eclectic Games: History". Eclectic Games. Archived from the original on April 4, 2003. Retrieved 27 January 2016.CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
"Danchizuma no Yuuwaku". Legendra. Archived from the original on 2011-07-13. Retrieved 2011-03-16.
"Danchi-zuma no Yuuwaku". GameSpot. Retrieved 2011-03-16.
Pesimo, Rudyard Contretas (2007). "'Asianizing' Animation in Asia: Digital Content Identity Construction Within the Animation Landscapes of Japan and Thailand" (PDF). Reflections on the Human Condition: Change, Conflict and Modernity - The Work of the 2004/2005 API Fellows. The Nippon Foundation. pp. 124–160.
Prelude. "Compete Atari 2600 Game Library". listal. Retrieved 2009-11-05.
"List of games: Third-Person 2D RPG". allgame. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
"List of games: Atari 2600 > Role-Playing > Console-style RPG". GameFAQs. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
"Dunzhin (1982) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-10.
"Writing BASIC adventure programs for the TRS-80 (1982) - Frank DaCosta". Archive.org. Retrieved 2020-04-19.
"Sword of Fargoal for Commodore (1982) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-10.
Brett Weiss, Classic home video games, 1972-1984: a complete reference guide, McFarland, p. 211, retrieved 2011-03-18
"The Start of the Affair: The Treasure of Tarmin". Destructoid. 2008-09-06. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
"The Amulet for DOS (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-01.
"Beneath Apple Manor for Apple II (1978) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-01.
Bokosuka Wars (translation), Nintendo
Dru Hill: The Chronicle of Druaga, 1UP
Bokosuka Wars at AllGame
Gems In The Rough: Yesterday's Concepts Mined For Today, Gamasutra
"Expedition Amazon for Apple II (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.
"Dunjonquest: Morloc's Tower for PC Booter (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-31.
Vestal, Andrew (1998-11-02). "The History of Console RPGs". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2011-01-06.
"StarQuest: Star Warrior for DOS (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-31.
"Volcanic Dungeon for Dragon 32/64 (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-31.
"MobyGames: The Black Onyx". MobyGames. Retrieved 2009-05-24.
Edge Staff. "The Making Of... Japan's First RPG". Edge. Archived from the original on January 25, 2012. Retrieved October 2, 2009.
"The Fire Crystal for FM-7 (1986) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.
"The Citadel of Chaos for Commodore 64 (1984) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.
Dragon Buster at the Killer List of Videogames
"Gaming's most important evolutions". GamesRadar. Oct 8, 2010. p. 4. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
"MobyGames: Dragon Slayer". MobyGames. Retrieved 2009-09-27.
Kurt Kalata. "Hardcore Gaming 101: Dragon Slayer". Hardcore Gaming 101. Archived from the original on August 5, 2011. Retrieved October 1, 2009.
"DND for DOS (1984) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.
"Expedition Amazon for Apple II (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.
"The Forest of Doom for Commodore 64 (1984) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.
"Colecovision Release List". Retrieved 2009-09-28.
"Review of one of the earlier dungeon crawls: Gateway to Apshai for the Commodore 64". RarityGuide.com. Retrieved 2009-09-27.
Robert Green and Kurt Kalata. "Hardcore Gaming 101: Hydlide". Hardcore Gaming 101. Retrieved October 1, 2009.
"??????EGG,????????????????". 4Gamer.net. 2005-10-04. Retrieved 2011-03-31. (Translation)
"In The Psychic City (FM7)". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2011-03-31.
"Zyll for PC Booter".
"MSX Software Database: RPG". Generation MSX. Retrieved 2009-09-29.
Yamaarashi. "Hardcore Gaming 101: Psychic War". Hardcore Gaming 101. Retrieved 2009-10-02.
"Hardcore Gaming 101: Xanadu". Hardcore Gaming 101. Retrieved October 1, 2009.
"Retro Japanese Computers: Gaming's Final Frontier". Hardcore Gaming 101. p. 3. Retrieved 2011-03-29. Reprinted from Retro Gamer, 2009.
Szczepaniak, John. "Before They Were Famouos". Retro Gamer. Imagine Publishing (35): 76. Retrieved 2011-03-16.
"Mobygames: Mandragore". MobyGames. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
Kurt Kalata. "Hardcore Gaming 101: Rambo". Hardcore Gaming 101. Retrieved October 1, 2009.
The Screamer at MobyGames
"The Screamer". 4Gamer.net. 2006-12-26. Retrieved 2011-03-29. (Translation)
"Druaga no Tou". GameFAQs. Retrieved 2011-03-28.
"Tritorn". Mobygames. Retrieved 29 December 2015.
"Xyphus". Mobygames. Retrieved 29 December 2015.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[barton_platofun-1] Barton, Matt (2007-07-03). "Fun with PLATO". Armchair Arcade. Archived from the original on 2017-11-20. Retrieved 2010-09-08.

[williams2017-2] Williams, Andrew (2017). History of Digital Games: Developments in Art, Design and Interaction. CRC Press. ISBN 9781317503811. Retrieved 2020-04-17.

[borland2003-3] King, Brad; Borland, John M. (2003). Dungeons and Dreamers: The Rise of Computer Game Culture from Geek to Chic. McGraw-Hill/Osborne. ISBN 0-07-222888-1. Retrieved 2010-09-25.

[oubliette-4] Bartle, Richard (2003). Designing Virtual Worlds. New Riders. p. 741. ISBN 0-13-101816-7. Jim Schwaiger's 1977 game Oubliette (inspired by Dungeons & Dragons and Chuck Miller's earlier multiplayer game, Mines of Moria) had a first-person point of view and used line graphics to render the scene ahead. [...] In late 1979, the first ever fully functional graphical virtual world was released: Avatar. Written by a group of students to out-do Oubliette, it was to become the most successful PLATO game ever--it accounted for 6% of all the hours spent on the system between September 1978 and May 1985.

[5] "Beneath Apple Manor for Apple II (1978) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-01.

[6] "Dungeon of Death for Commodore 64". Mobygames. Retrieved 27 January 2016.

[7] "Eamon for Apple II (1980)". Mobygames. Retrieved 27 January 2016.

[8] "Odyssey: The Compleat Apventure". Mobygames. Retrieved 27 January 2016.

[9] "SwordThrust for Apple II (1981) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-10.

[int_list-10] "Released Intellivision Cartridges". IntellivisionLives.com. Archived from the original on 2007-07-16. Retrieved 2009-09-28.

[ag_actn_adv-11] "List of games: Action Adventure". allgame. Retrieved 2009-05-20.

[12] Levi Buchanan (March 6, 2008). "Dungeons & Dragons Classic Videogame Retrospective". IGN. Retrieved 2011-03-18.

[13] "Eclectic Games: History". Eclectic Games. Archived from the original on April 4, 2003. Retrieved 27 January 2016.CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

[14] "Danchizuma no Yuuwaku". Legendra. Archived from the original on 2011-07-13. Retrieved 2011-03-16.

[15] "Danchi-zuma no Yuuwaku". GameSpot. Retrieved 2011-03-16.

[16] Pesimo, Rudyard Contretas (2007). "'Asianizing' Animation in Asia: Digital Content Identity Construction Within the Animation Landscapes of Japan and Thailand" (PDF). Reflections on the Human Condition: Change, Conflict and Modernity - The Work of the 2004/2005 API Fellows. The Nippon Foundation. pp. 124–160.

[17] Prelude. "Compete Atari 2600 Game Library". listal. Retrieved 2009-11-05.

[ag_3rd_trad-18] "List of games: Third-Person 2D RPG". allgame. Retrieved 2009-05-20.

[gf_atr_cnsl-19] "List of games: Atari 2600 > Role-Playing > Console-style RPG". GameFAQs. Retrieved 2009-05-20.

[20] "Dunzhin (1982) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-10.

[21] "Writing BASIC adventure programs for the TRS-80 (1982) - Frank DaCosta". Archive.org. Retrieved 2020-04-19.

[22] "Sword of Fargoal for Commodore (1982) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-10.

[23] Brett Weiss, Classic home video games, 1972-1984: a complete reference guide, McFarland, p. 211, retrieved 2011-03-18

[24] "The Start of the Affair: The Treasure of Tarmin". Destructoid. 2008-09-06. Retrieved 2011-03-29.

[25] "The Amulet for DOS (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-01.

[26] "Beneath Apple Manor for Apple II (1978) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2016-01-01.

[Nintendo-27] Bokosuka Wars (translation), Nintendo

[1UP-28] Dru Hill: The Chronicle of Druaga, 1UP

[29] Bokosuka Wars at AllGame

[30] Gems In The Rough: Yesterday's Concepts Mined For Today, Gamasutra

[31] "Expedition Amazon for Apple II (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.

[32] "Dunjonquest: Morloc's Tower for PC Booter (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-31.

[33] Vestal, Andrew (1998-11-02). "The History of Console RPGs". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2011-01-06.

[:3-34] "StarQuest: Star Warrior for DOS (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-31.

[35] "Volcanic Dungeon for Dragon 32/64 (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-31.

[mg_bo-36] "MobyGames: The Black Onyx". MobyGames. Retrieved 2009-05-24.

[edge_bo-37] Edge Staff. "The Making Of... Japan's First RPG". Edge. Archived from the original on January 25, 2012. Retrieved October 2, 2009.

[38] "The Fire Crystal for FM-7 (1986) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.

[39] "The Citadel of Chaos for Commodore 64 (1984) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.

[40] Dragon Buster at the Killer List of Videogames

[GamesRadar-41] "Gaming's most important evolutions". GamesRadar. Oct 8, 2010. p. 4. Retrieved 2011-03-29.

[mg_ds-42] "MobyGames: Dragon Slayer". MobyGames. Retrieved 2009-09-27.

[hg_ds-43] Kurt Kalata. "Hardcore Gaming 101: Dragon Slayer". Hardcore Gaming 101. Archived from the original on August 5, 2011. Retrieved October 1, 2009.

[44] "DND for DOS (1984) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.

[45] "Expedition Amazon for Apple II (1983) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.

[46] "The Forest of Doom for Commodore 64 (1984) - MobyGames". MobyGames. Retrieved 2015-12-29.

[47] "Colecovision Release List". Retrieved 2009-09-28.

[48] "Review of one of the earlier dungeon crawls: Gateway to Apshai for the Commodore 64". RarityGuide.com. Retrieved 2009-09-27.

[hg_hydlide-49] Robert Green and Kurt Kalata. "Hardcore Gaming 101: Hydlide". Hardcore Gaming 101. Retrieved October 1, 2009.

[50] "??????EGG,????????????????". 4Gamer.net. 2005-10-04. Retrieved 2011-03-31. (Translation)

[51] "In The Psychic City (FM7)". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2011-03-31.

[52] "Zyll for PC Booter".

[msx-53] "MSX Software Database: RPG". Generation MSX. Retrieved 2009-09-29.

[gf_pw-54] Yamaarashi. "Hardcore Gaming 101: Psychic War". Hardcore Gaming 101. Retrieved 2009-10-02.

[hg_ds2-55] "Hardcore Gaming 101: Xanadu". Hardcore Gaming 101. Retrieved October 1, 2009.

[Retro-3-56] "Retro Japanese Computers: Gaming's Final Frontier". Hardcore Gaming 101. p. 3. Retrieved 2011-03-29. Reprinted from Retro Gamer, 2009.

[RG-35-57] Szczepaniak, John. "Before They Were Famouos". Retro Gamer. Imagine Publishing (35): 76. Retrieved 2011-03-16.

[58] "Mobygames: Mandragore". MobyGames. Retrieved 29 December 2015.

[hg_rambo-59] Kurt Kalata. "Hardcore Gaming 101: Rambo". Hardcore Gaming 101. Retrieved October 1, 2009.

[Moby-Screamer-60] The Screamer at MobyGames

[4Gamer-Screamer-61] "The Screamer". 4Gamer.net. 2006-12-26. Retrieved 2011-03-29. (Translation)

[62] "Druaga no Tou". GameFAQs. Retrieved 2011-03-28.

[63] "Tritorn". Mobygames. Retrieved 29 December 2015.

[64] "Xyphus". Mobygames. Retrieved 29 December 2015.

Lists of role-playing video games
Role-playing video games	1975–1985 1986–1987 1988–1989 1990–1991 1992–1993 1994–1995 1996–1997 1998–1999 2000–2001 2002–2003 2004–2005 2006–2007 2008–2009 2010–2011 2012–2013 2014–2015 2016–2017 2018–2019 2020-2021 Unreleased
Tactical role-playing games	1980s–1994 1995–1999 2000–2004 2005–2009 2010–2019 2020-2029 Unreleased
Other subgenres	Roguelikes MUDs
See also	List of Dungeons & Dragons video games List of massively multiplayer online role-playing games List of tabletop role-playing games