List of rulers of Cappadocia
This page lists the Achaemenid satraps and Hellenistic kings of Cappadocia, an ancient region in central Anatolia.
Satraps of Cappadocia, c. 380–331 BC
The Satrapy of Capadocia was a satrapy (province) of the Achaemenid Empire until its conquest by Alexander the Great in 331 BC.
- Datames, c. 380–362 BC
- Ariamnes I, 362–350 BC
- Mithrobuzanes (died 334)
- Ariarathes I, 340s–331 BC
Independent Princes of Cappadocia, 331 BCE–the 250s BCE
- Ariarathes I, 331–322 BCE
The hitherto satrap, Ariarathes I managed to keep control of most or all Cappadocia, as independent prince leading the resistance against conquerors, even after Alexander the Great's conquest of the Persians; however, in 322 BC, he was crucified by Perdiccas, Alexander's general and (after Alexander's death) regent.
- temporary suppression of independence, governors of Macedon Empire held the country
Perdiccas gave Cappadocia to Eumenes, Alexander's former secretary. However, during the instability of the ongoing civil wars between Alexander's generals, Eumenes was killed, and then the regent Antigonos was killed.
Ariarathes I's adopted son, Ariarathes II, managed to re-secure some of his inheritance, namely the mere Upper Cappadocia around Mazaca, and became Prince of Cappadocia (while accepting Seleucid suzerainty). The Lower Cappadocia was lost forever to Kingdom of Pontos which emerged since 301 BCE in the coast of Black Sea, and proclaimed Kingdom in circa 281 BCE.
- Ariarathes II, 301–280 BC
- Ariamnes II, 280–230 BC
Kingdom of Cappadocia, the 250s BC–17 AD
Possibly continuing a while under weak Seleucid suzerainty, title recognized as Kings:
- Ariarathes III, 255–220 BC, started as co-ruler with his father Ariamnes II
- Ariarathes IV Eusebes, 220–163 BC
- Ariarathes V Eusebes Philopator, 163–130 BC
- Orophernes, 157 BC
- Ariarathes VI Epiphanes Philopator, 130–116 BC
- Ariarathes VII Philometor, 116–101 BC
- Ariarathes VIII, 101–96 BC
- Ariarathes IX, c. 95 BC
- Ariobarzanes I Philoromaios, 95–c. 63 BC
- Ariobarzanes II Philopator, c. 63–51 BC
- Ariobarzanes III Eusebes Philoromaios, 51–42 BC
- Ariarathes X Eusebes Philadelphos, 42–36 BC
- Archelaus, 36 BC–17 AD
Family tree of kings of Cappadocia
| Camissares satrap of Cappadocia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Datames satrap of Cappadocia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ariamnes satrap of Cappadocia ARIARATHIDS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ariarathes I satrap 350-331 BC, later king of Cappadocia 331-322 BC | Holophernes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ariarathes II king of Cappadocia 301-280 BC | Antiochus II Theos | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ariamnes king of Cappadocia 280-230 BC | Seleucus II Callinicus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ariarathes III king of Cappadocia 255-220 BC | Stratonice daughter of Antiochus II Theos | Antiochus III the Great | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ariarahes IV king of Cappadocia 220-163 BC | Antiochis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stratonice ∞ 1.Eumenes II of Pergamon 2.Attalus II of Pergamon | Orophernes Nicephorus king of Cappadocia 157 BC | Ariarathes V Eusebes Philopator king of Cappadocia 163-130 BC | Nyssa daughter of Pharnaces I of Pontus | Mithridates V king of Pontus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ariarathes VI Epiphanes Philopater king of Cappadocia 130-116 BC | Laodice | Mithridates VI king of Pontus | Monime | Ariobarzanes I Philoromaios king of Cappadocia 95-c.63 BC ARIOBARZANIDS | Athenais Philostorgos I | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nysa ∞ Nicomedes III of Bithynia | Ariarathes VII Philometor king of Cappadocia 116-101 BC | Ariarathes VIII Epiphanes king of Cappadocia 101-96 BC | (illeg.) Ariarathes IX Eusebes Philopator king of Cappadocia 101-96 BC | Athenais Philostorgos II | Ariobarzanes II Philopator king of Cappadocia c.63-c.51 BC | Isias Philostorgos ∞ Antiochus I of Commagene | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ariobarzanes III king of Cappadocia 51-c.42 BC | Ariarathes X Eusebes Philadelphos king of Cappadocia c.42-36 BC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||