List of state leaders in 1514
Africa
- Adal Sultanate – Muhammad ibn Azhar ad-Din (1488–1518)
- Ethiopian Empire – Dawit II (1508–1540)
- Kingdom of Kongo – Alfonso I (1509–1542)
- Sennar Sultanate – Amara Dunqas (1503–1533/4)
Americas
- Aztec Empire – Moctezuma II (1502–1520)
- Inca Empire – Huayna Capac (1493–1527)
- Muisca Confederation
- zipa -
- Nemequene (1490–1514)
- Tisquesusa (1514–1537)
- zaque - Quemuenchatocha (1490–1538)
- zipa -
Asia
- Ayutthaya Kingdom (Siam) – Ramathibodi II (1491–1529)
- China (Ming dynasty) - Zhengde Emperor (1505–1521)
- Kingdom of Cochin – Unniraman Koyikal II (1503–1537)
- Japan (Sengoku period)
- Monarch – Emperor Go-Kashiwabara (1500–1526)
- Ashikaga shogunate - Ashikaga Yoshitane (1508–1521)
- Joseon (Korea) – Jungjong (1506–1544)
- Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Shin (1477–1526)
- Sunda Kingdom – Sri Baduga Maharaja (1482–1521)
- Vijayanagara Empire – Krishnadeva Raya (1509–1529)
Europe
- Andorra –
- Pere de Cardona, Bishop of Urgell and Co-Prince of Andorra (1472–1515)
- Catherine of Navarre, Co-Princess of Andorra (1483–1516)
- Kingdom of Aragon – Ferdinand II the Catholic and Valencia, Count of Barcelona (1479–1516)
- Crown of Castile –
- Joanna the Mad (1504–1555)
- Ferdinand II of Aragon, Regent (1505–1516)
- Crimean Khanate – Meñli I Giray (1478–1515)
- Kingdom of Denmark and Norway – Christian II, King of Denmark and Norway (1513–1523)
- Duchy of Schleswig – Christian II (1513–1523) and Frederick I (1490–1533) in condominial rule
- Kingdom of England – Henry VIII (1509–1547)
- Florence – Lorenzo II de' Medici (1513–1519)
- Kingdom of France – Louis XII (1498–1515)
- Lordship (seigneurie) of Albret – Alain I (1471–1522)
- Duchy of Alençon – Charles IV (1492–1525) and Count of Armagnac (1509–1529)
- County of Armagnac – Marguerite (1509–1549)
- Bourbonnais –
- Suzanne, Duchess of Bourbon (1503–1521)
- Charles III, Duke of Bourbon and Count of La Marche (1505–1527)
- Duchy of Brittany –
- Anne (1488–1514)
- Claudia of France (1514–1524)
- Duchy of Vendôme – Charles IV (1514–1537)
- Holy Roman Empire – Maximilian I (1493–1519)
- County of Arenberg – Eberhard IV (1496–1531)
- Margraviate of Baden-Baden – Christoph I (1475–1515)
- Duchy of Bavaria – William IV (1508–1550)
- County of Bentheim-Bentheim – Eberwin II (1473–1530)
- County of Bentheim-Lingen – Nicholas IV (1508–1541)
- County of Bentheim-Steinfurt – Arnold II (1454–1806)
- County of Bentheim-Tecklenburg – Otto VIII (1493–1526)
- Electorate of Brandenburg – Joachim I Nestor (1499–1535)
- Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach – Frederick I, Margrave of Ansbach (1486–1515) and Margrave of Bayreuth (1495–1515)
- Archbishopric of Bremen – Christopher of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1511–1558)
- Duchy of Brunswick and Lunenburg, Wolfenbüttel line –
- County of Burgundy – Charles V (1506–1556)
- County of Castell –
- George I (1498–1528)
- Wolfgang I (1498–1546)
- Duchy of Cieszyn – Kazimierz II (1477–1528)
- Electorate of Cologne – Philip II of Daun-Oberstein (1508–1515)
- Duchy of Cleves–County of Mark –
- John II the Pious (1481–1521)
- Johann II the Peaceful (1511–1539)
- County of East Frisia – Edzard I, the Great (1491–1528)
- Duchy of Ferrara and Duchy of Modena and Reggio – Ercole I d'Este (1505–1534)
- Fürstenberg-Baar - Frederick III, Count of Fürstenberg-Baar (1509–1599)
- Duchy of Guelders – Charles II (1492–1538)
- Landgraviate of Hesse – Philip I (1509–1567)
- Duchy of Holstein – Christian II (1513–1523) and Frederick I (1490–1533) in condominial rule
- Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein - John III, Count of Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein (1511–1533)
- Königsegg – John IV, Baron of Königsegg (1500–1544)
- Archbishopric of Magdeburg – Albert of Mainz (1513–1545)
- Electorate of Mainz –
- Uriel von Gemmiongen (1508–1514)
- Albert of Mainz 1514–1545
- Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin –
- Heinrich V (1503–1552)
- Albrecht VII (1503–1547)
- Principality of Mindelheim – Georg von Frundsberg, Lord of Mindelheim (1478–1528)
- Nassau-Weilburg – Louis I, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (1492–1523)
- Limburg-Styrum –
- Georg of Limburg (1505–1552)
- William II, Count of Limburg-Styrum (1505–1522)
- Duchy of Lorraine – Antoine (1508–1544)
- Duchy of Opole – John the Good (1476–1532)
- Principality of Orange – Philibert of Châlon (1502–1530)
- Ortenburg-Neuortenburg - Ulrich II, Count of Ortenburg-Neuortenburg (1495–1524)
- Öttingen-Wallerstein - Louis XIII, Count of Öttingen-Wallerstein (1449–1517)
- Electorate of the Palatinate – Louis V (1508–1544)
- Palatinate-Neuburg –
- Otto Henry (1505–1559)
- Philip (1505–1548)
- Palatinate-Simmern – John II, Count Palatine of Simmern (1509–1557)
- Pappenheim – Joachim, Lord of Pappenheim (1508–1536)
- Duchy of Pomerania – Bogislaw X (1478–1523)
- Runkel - John, Count of Runkel (1460–1521)
- Salm-Kyrburg – John VII, Wild- and Rhinegrave of Salm-Kyrburg (1499–1531)
- Duchy of Savoy – Carlo III (1504–1553)
- Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg – Magnus I (1507–1543)
- Electorate of Saxony (Ernestine branch) - Frederick (1486–1525)
- Duchy of Saxony (Albertine branch) - George (1500–1539)
- County of Sayn – John IV (1498–1529)
- Schönborn – John IV, Lord of Schönborn (1490–1529)
- Bishop of Sion – Matthäus Schiner (1499–1522)
- Solms-Braunfels - Bernard III, Count of Solms-Braunfels (1504–1537)
- Stadion – John, Lord of Stadion (1507–1530)
- Stolberg-Stolberg - Botho II the Lucky, Count of Stolberg-Stolberg (1511–1538)
- Archbishopric of Trier – Richard Greiffenklau zu Vollraths (1511–1531)
- Archbishopric of Utrecht – Frederik IV van Baden (1496–1517)
- County of Wied –
- William III (1487–1526)
- John I (1487–1533)
- Bishopric of Worms – Reinhard von Rüppurr (1503–1523)
- Duchy of Württemberg – Ulrich (1498–1519)
- Bishopric of Würzburg – Lorenz von Bibra (1495–1519)
- Duchy of Zweibrücken –
- Kingdom of Hungary – Ladislaus II (1490–1516) and King of Bohemia (1471–1516)
- Ireland
- Kingdom of Airgíalla – Reamonn mac Glaisne (1513–1521)
- Kingdom of Breifne – Eoghan mac Tighearnain Oig (1500–1528)
- Kingdom of East Breifne –
- Aodh mac Cathail (1510–1514)
- Eoghan Ruadh mac Cathail (1514–1526)
- Uí Maine – Maelsechlainn mac William O Cellaigh (1513–1521)
- Síol Anmchadha – Breasal mac Eoghan Ua Madadhan, Lord of Síol Anmchadha (1479–1526)
- Kingdom of Leinster – Art Buidhe mac Domhnall MacMurrough-Kavanagh (1512–1517)
- Kingdom of Magh Luirg – Cormac MacDermott (1499–1528)
- Margravate of Mantua – Francesco II Gonzaga (1484–1519)
- Duchy of Milan – Massimiliano Sforza (1512–1515)
- Principality of Moldavia – Bogdan III the One-Eyed (1504–1517)
- Grand Duchy of Moscow – Vasili III (1505–1533)
- Kingdom of Naples – Ferdinand II the Catholic (1504–1516)
- Kingdom of Navarre –
- Catherine (1483–1516)
- John III d'Albret (1484–1516)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Selim I, the Grim (1512–1520)
- Papal States – Pope Leo X (1513–1521)
- Kingdom of Poland–Grand Duchy of Lithuania – Sigismund I the Old (1506–1548)
- Duchy of Masovia –
- Stanislaus I (1503–1524)
- Janusz III (1503–1526)
- Duchy of Masovia –
- Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – Manuel I (1495–1521)
- Kingdom of Scotland – James V (1513–1542)
- Kingdom of Sweden – Sten Sture the Younger, Regent of Sweden (1512–1520)
- Teutonic Order – Albrecht of Brandenburg, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order (1510–1525)
- Republic of Venice – Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice (1501–1523)
- Duchy of the Archipelago – vacant
- Principality of Wallachia – Neagoe Basarab (1512–1521)
Middle East and North Africa
- Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt – Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri (1501–1516)
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