List of taxa named by anagrams

In the biological nomenclature codes, an anagram can be used to name a new taxon.

An animation illustrating the anagram between the Euphorbiaceae genus names Joannesia and Annesijoa
Illustration from Adam White's A Popular History of British Crustacea, 1857, showing the crustacean genera Conilera and Rocinela named by Leach using taxonomic anagrams

Wordplays are one source of inspiration allowing organisms to receive scientific names.[1] In the binominal nomenclature, as scientists have latitude in naming genera and species, a taxon name can therefore be an anagram, provided it remains pronounceable.[2] For example, in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, a new generic name can be taken from the name of a person by using an anagram or abbreviation of it.[3]

William Elford Leach was among the first naturalists to use taxonomic anagrams, and, in 1818, he described several isopod genera that were each other's anagrams of 'Caroline' : Conilera, Lironeca, Nerocila, Olencira, and Rocinela.[1]

List in botany

Initial taxon nameInitial authorityTaxonomic anagramAnagram authorityEtymology or namesakeReference
AgirtaBaill. 1858Tragia [lower-alpha 1]L. 1753Hieronymus Bock, named Tragus (1498 - 1554)[4]
AlbidellaPichon 1946BaldelliaParl. 1854Bartolomeo Bartolini-Baldelli (1804 - 1868)[4]
AlbiziaDurazz. 1772BaliziaBarneby & J.W.Grimes 1996Filippo degli Albizzi (1724 - 1789)[4]
AlciopeDC. 1836Capelio [lower-alpha 1]B.Nord. 2002Alciope, a nymph[4]
AlgrizeaProença & NicLugh. 2006Grazielia [lower-alpha 2]R.M.King & H.Rob. 1972Graziela Maciel Barroso (1912 - 2003)[4]
AlibertiaA.Rich. ex DC. 1830IbetraliaBremek. 1934Jean-Louis-Marc Alibert (1768 - 1837)[4]
AlliumL. 1753Muilla [lower-alpha 3]S.Watson ex Benth. 1833Latin word for garlic[5]
Alsomitra(Blume) M.Roem., 1846SiolmatraBaill., 1885[6]
AnnesijoaPax & K.Hoffm. 1919JoannesiaVell. 1798John VI of Portugal (1767 - 1826)[4]
BaldelliaParl. 1854AlbidellaPichon 1946Bartolomeo Bartolini-Baldelli (1804 - 1868)[4]
BaliziaBarneby & J.W.Grimes 1996AlbiziaDurazz. 1772Filippo degli Albizzi (1724 - 1789)[4]
BartsiaL. 1753StarbiaThouars 1806Johann Bartsch (1709 - 1738)[4]
BehuriaCham. 1834HuberiaDC. 1828François Huber (1750 - 1831)[4]
BeilschmiediaNees 1831BielschmeidiaPancher & Sebert 1874Carl Traugott Beilschmied (1793 - 1848)[4]
BerardiaBrongn. 1826DiberaraBaill. 1881Jacques Étienne Bérard (1789 - 1869)[4]
BeriesaSteud. 1840SieberaC.Presl 1828Franz Wilhelm Sieber (1789 - 1844)[4]
BerteroaDC. 1821Terobera Steud. 1855Carlo Luigi Giuseppe Bertero (1789 - 1831)[4]
BielschmeidiaPancher & Sebert 1874BeilschmiediaNees 1831Carl Traugott Beilschmied (1793 - 1848)[4]
BobeaA.Rich. 1830Obbea [lower-alpha 1]Hook.f. 1870Jean-Baptiste Bobe-Moreau (1761 - 1849)[4]
BoleliaRaf. 1832Lobelia [lower-alpha 1]L. 1753Matthias de l'Obel (1538 - 1616)[4]
BoucheaCham. 1832UbocheaBaill. 1891Peter Friedrich Bouché (1785 - 1856)[4]
BuckolliaVenter & R.L.Verh. 1994Bullockia(Bridson) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer 2009Arthur Allman Bullock (1906 - 1980)[4]
Bullockia(Bridson) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer 2009BuckolliaVenter & R.L.Verh. 1994Arthur Allman Bullock (1906 - 1980)[4]
BurmanniaL. 1753Maburnia [lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2]Thouars 1806Johannes Burman (1706 - 1779)[4]
CapelioB.Nord. 2002Alciope [lower-alpha 1]DC. 1836Alciope, a nymph[4]
DanthoniaDC. 1805ThonandiaH.P.Linder 1996Étienne Danthoine (1739 - 1794)[4]
DargeriaDecne. 1844GerardiaL. 1753John Gerard (1545 - 1612)[4]
DargeriaDecne. 1844GraderiaBenth. 1846John Gerard (1545 - 1612)[4]
DespelezaNieuwl. 1914Lespedeza [lower-alpha 1]Michx. 1803Vicente Manuel de Céspedes (1721 ? - 1794)[4]
DiberaraBaill. 1881BerardiaBrongn. 1826Jacques Étienne Bérard (1789 - 1869)[4]
DiflugossaBremek. 1944Goldfussia [lower-alpha 1]Nees 1832Georg August Goldfuss (1782 - 1848)[4]
EkmaniaGleason 1919ManekiaTrel. 1927Erik Leonard Ekman (1883 - 1931)[4]
EroedaLevyns 1948Oedera [lower-alpha 1]L. 1771Georg Christian Oeder (1728 - 1791)[4]
FuchsiaPlum. ex L.SchufiaSpachLeonhart Fuchs (1501–1566)[4]
GerardiaL. 1753DargeriaDecne. 1844John Gerard (1545 - 1612)[4]
GerardiaL. 1753GraderiaBenth. 1846John Gerard (1545 - 1612)[4]
GoldfussiaNees 1832Diflugossa [lower-alpha 1]Bremek. 1944Georg August Goldfuss (1782 - 1848)[4]
GraderiaBenth. 1846DargeriaDecne. 1844John Gerard (1545 - 1612)[4]
GraderiaBenth. 1846GerardiaL. 1753John Gerard (1545 - 1612)[4]
GrazieliaR.M.King & H.Rob. 1972Algrizea [lower-alpha 2]Proença & NicLugh. 2006Graziela Maciel Barroso (1912 - 2003)[4]
GymindaSarg. 1891Myginda [lower-alpha 1]Jacq. 1760Franz von Mygind (1710 - 1789)[4]
HariotaDC. 1834Hatiora [lower-alpha 1]Britton & Rose 1915Thomas Harriot (ca. 1560 - 1621)[4]
HatioraBritton & Rose 1915Hariota [lower-alpha 1]DC. 1834Thomas Harriot (ca. 1560 - 1621)[4]
HermanniaL. 1753Mahernia [lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2]L. 1767Paul Hermann (1646 - 1695)[4]
HonottiaRchb. 1828HottoniaL. 1753Pieter Hotton (1648 - 1709)[4]
HottoniaL. 1753HonottiaRchb. 1828Pieter Hotton (1648 - 1709)[4]
HuberiaDC. 1828BehuriaCham. 1834François Huber (1750 - 1831)[4]
IbetraliaBremek. 1934AlibertiaA.Rich. ex DC. 1830Jean-Louis-Marc Alibert (1768 - 1837)[4]
JoannesiaVell. 1798AnnesijoaPax & K.Hoffm. 1919John VI of Portugal (1767 - 1826)[4]
KailarseniaTirveng. 1983LarsenaikiaTirveng. 1993Kai Larsen (1926 - 2012)[4]
KanimiaGardner 1847Mikania [lower-alpha 1]F.W.Schmidt 1795Joseph Gottfried Mikan (1743 - 1814)[4]
LarsenaikiaTirveng. 1993KailarseniaTirveng. 1983Kai Larsen (1926 - 2012)[4]
LawrenciaHook. 1840WrencialaA.Gray 1854Robert William Lawrence (1807 - 1833)[4]
LechleraGriseb. 1857RelchelaSteud. 1854Willibald Lechler (1814 - 1856)[4]
LespedezaMichx. 1803Despeleza [lower-alpha 1]Nieuwl. 1914Vicente Manuel de Céspedes (1721 ? - 1794)[4]
LetestuaLecomte 1920TulesteaAubrév. & Pellegr. 1961Georges Le Testu (1877 - 1967)[4]
LobeliaL. 1753Bolelia [lower-alpha 1]Raf. 1832Matthias de l'Obel (1538 - 1616)[4]

Notes

  1. The two genus names are synonyms.
  2. This anagram is imperfect.
  3. It is also an ananym (reverse spelling).

References

  1. Jozwiak, Piotr; Rewicz, Tomasz; Pabis, Krzysztof (2015-07-16). "Taxonomic etymology – in search of inspiration". ZooKeys (513): 143–160. doi:10.3897/zookeys.513.9873. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 4524282. PMID 26257573.
  2. Mortenson, Philip B. (2004). This is not a weasel: a close look at nature's most confusing terms. John Wiley & Sons. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-471-27396-7.
  3. McNeill, J.; et al., eds. (2012). International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code), Adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011 (electronic ed.). Bratislava: International Association for Plant Taxonomy.
  4. Burkhardt, Lotte (2018-06-06). Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen - Erweiterte Edition. Index of Eponymic Plant Names - Extended Edition. Index de Noms éponymiques des Plantes - Édition augmentée (in German). Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin. doi:10.3372/epolist2018. ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5.
  5. Hyam, R.; Pankhurst, R.J. (1995). Plants and their names : a concise dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-866189-4.
  6. Robinson, George L.; Wunderlin, Richard P. (2005). "Revision of Siolmatra (Cucurbitaceae: Zanonieae)". SIDA, Contributions to Botany. 21 (4): 1961–1969. ISSN 0036-1488.
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