Losos-class submarine

Project 865 Piranha (Russian: Проект 865 «Пиранья») is a type of Russian (formerly Soviet) midget submarine. The NATO reporting name for the class is Losos, which means "salmon" in the Russian language.

Losos-class submarine
Class overview
Builders: Shipyard "Leningradskoe Admiralteyskoe Obedinenie" (Admiralteyskie Verfi), Saint Petersburg (Leningrad)
Operators:
In service: 1988-1997
Planned: 6
Completed: 2
Cancelled: 4
Laid up: 2
General characteristics
Displacement: 218 tons surfaced, 390 tons submerged
Length: 28.2 m (92 ft 6 in)
Beam: 4.8 m (15 ft 9 in)
Draught: 5.1 m (16 ft 9 in)
Depth:
  • Operational: 240 m (787 ft 5 in)
  • Maximum: 300 m (984 ft 3 in)
Installed power: Diesel-electric
Propulsion: diesel electric, 2 diesel – 160 kW (210 hp); propulsion motor – 60 kW (80 hp)
Speed:
  • 6.65 knots (12.32 km/h; 7.65 mph) (dived)
  • 6.43 knots (11.91 km/h; 7.40 mph) (surfaced)
Endurance: 10 days
Test depth: 200 m (660 ft)
Complement: 9
Electronic warfare
& decoys:
Active/passive radar and sonar
Armament: 2 mine-laying devices or 2 torpedoes

The Losos class was designed for special operations and engaging surface ships located offshore, and is thus very durable and almost completely silent.

The hull is made of a titanium alloy, which helps with signature management because it is not magnetic. The non-magnetic alloy would greatly reduce the effectiveness of enemy magnetic anomaly detectors or magnetic limpet mines against this type of vessel.

Only two Losos-class submarines were built: MS-520 and MS-521. Original planning called for a total of 12 Project 865 Piranha submarines to be constructed; this was eventually reduced to six, then just the two. Launched in 1986 and 1990, respectively, they are in reserve but are expected to soon be discarded.

References

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