Managerial finance
Managerial finance is the branch of finance that concerns itself with the managerial application of finance techniques. Sound financial management creates value and organizational agility through the allocation of scarce resources amongst competing business opportunities. It is thus an aid to the implementation and monitoring of business strategies and helps achieve business objectives. Managerial finance is interdisciplinary, borrowing from both managerial accounting and corporate finance. See Financial analyst #Corporate and other.
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Approach
The difference between a managerial and a technical approach can be seen in the questions one might ask of annual reports. The concern of a technical approach is primarily measurement. It asks: is the accounting correct, in that money is assigned to the right categories, and were accounting principles followed? The purpose of a managerial approach, however, is to understand what the figures mean.
- Someone using such an approach might compare the returns to other businesses in their industry and ask: are we performing better or worse than our peers? If we are performing worse, what is the source of the problem? Do we have the same profit margins? If not, why? Do we have the same expenses? Are we paying more for something than our peers?
- They may look at changes in asset balances or red flags that indicate problems with bill collection or bad debt.
- They will analyze working capital to anticipate future cash flow problems.
Role of managerial accounting
To interpret financial results in the manner described above, managers use Financial analysis techniques.
Managers also need to look at how resources are allocated within an organization. They need to know what each activity costs and why. These questions require managerial accounting techniques such as activity based costing.
Managers also need to anticipate future expenses. To get a better understanding of the accuracy of the budgeting process, they may use variable budgeting.
Role of corporate finance
Managerial finance is also interested in determining the best way to use money to improve future opportunities to earn money and minimize the impact of financial shocks. To accomplish these goals managerial finance uses techniques borrowed from Corporate finance to address the following:
- Working capital management - addressing short term current assets and current liabilities
- Capital budgeting, i.e. valuation and funding of "projects" - addressing long term investments
- Capital structure and dividend policy - addressing long-term financial capital
See also
- List of finance topics
- Category:Finance
Further reading
- Lawrence Gitman and Chad J. Zutter (2019). Principles of Managerial Finance, 14th edition, Addison-Wesley Publishing, ISBN 978-0133507690.
- Clive Marsh (2009). Mastering Financial Management, Financial Times Prentice Hall ISBN 978-0-273-72454-4
- James Van Horne and John Wachowicz (2009). Fundamentals of Financial Management, 13th ed., Pearson Education Limited. ISBN 9780273713630
References
- MIT Open Courseware - 15.414 Financial Management, Summer 2003.
- Weston, Fred and Brigham, Eugene (1972), Managerial Finance, Dryden Press, Hinsdale Illinois, 1972
- Chen, Henry editor, (1967), Frontiers of Managerial Finance, Gulf Publishing, Houston Texas, 1967
- Brigham, Eugene and Johnson, Ramon (1980), Issues in Managerial Finance, Holt Rinehart and Winston Publishers, Hindale Illinois,