Mary Lovelace O'Neal

Mary Lovelace was born in Jackson, Mississippi, on February 10, 1942. She credits her father for nurturing her love of the arts.[2] During her childhood and adolescence O'Neal's father, Ariel Lovelace, was choir director and professor of music at Tougaloo College and the University of Arkansas.[3]

O'Neal attended Howard University in Washington, DC, from 1960 to 1964 and studied with David Driskell, Lois Mailou Jones and James A. Porter, receiving her B.F.A. in 1964.[4] She attended the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture in Maine during the summer of 1963.[5] During her time at Howard University, O'Neal became active in the Civil Rights Movement and mentored by many influential leaders in the movement, including Stokely Carmichael, Jacob Lawrence and his wife, painter Gwendolyn Lawrence.[1] She worked briefly at the Free Southern Theater (FST) with one of the theatre founders, her first husband John O'Neal.[6]

O'Neal continued her fine arts education at Columbia University, studying with Aja Junger, Stephen Greene, Leon Golden and Andra Rat. While at Columbia, O'Neal became involved in the Black Art Movement in New York City, which further influenced her work.[1] She received her M.F.A. from Columbia University in 1969.[1]

Mary Lovelace O'Neal's paintings have progressed through different phases over her long career, beginning with loose forms and evolving to more precise patterns. O'Neal has received numerous awards and exhibited in many national and international exhibitions throughout her career.[1] She was invited as resident artist to participate in the international arts festival in Asilah, Morocco, in 1983. O'Neal curated an exhibition for the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes in Santiago, Chile, "17 Artistas Latino y Afro Americanos en USA" in 1991. Two years later, she received the Artist En France Award sponsored by the French government and Moet & Chandon. In 2005, she was selected to represent Mississippi in the Committees Exhibition at the National Museum of Women in the Arts in Washington, D.C.

O'Neal started teaching full-time at University of California, Berkeley in 1978.[6] In 1985 she became the first African American artist to receive tenure in the department of art,[7][8] and then appointed in 1999 as the Chair of the Department of Art Practice[8] until her retirement in 2006. She has taught at several institutions in the U.S. including the University of Texas at Austin, San Francisco Art Institute, California College of Arts and Crafts, Oakland, California.[8] And she has taught internationally at Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Bogota, Colombia.[2]

In 1984, O'Neal worked on monotype printmaking with Robert Blackburn at the Robert Blackburn Printmaking Workshop in New York City.[8] She enjoyed the process so much and she explored various other printing processes and printed over 200 prints at Blackburn's shop over the years.[8]

In February 2020, Mnuchin Gallery held O'Neal's first solo exhibition in New York since 1993, which surveyed over five decades of her work, from the late 1960s through 2000s. The mini retrospective, Chasing Down the Image, reveals the ways in which O'Neal has engaged abstraction and materiality exuberantly for political ends, marrying experimental black aesthetics with influences of Minimalism. She was engaged with issues taken up by Donald Judd, Joseph Stella, and Sam Gilliam while simultaneously having conversations with Amiri Baraka who pushed her to make images of the Black Power movement instead of abstraction.[5] During the 60s and 70s O'Neal's abstraction went against the emphasis placed on figuration by the Black Arts Movement and the Black Panthers as a means for Black empowerment. O'Neal's work, "insists on the aesthetic integration of experiences and styles once construed to be mutually exclusive."[7]

In March 2020, the Museum of the African Diaspora mounted a solo exhibition of O'Neal's Whales Fucking series from the 1970s. These expressionist abstract landscapes were made in response to her first visit to the Bay Area that decade. They are made using oil paint, glitter and tape.[9]

Her work is in various permanent art collections including Oakland Museum of California,[10] National Gallery of Art,[11] Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art,[12][2] San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Brooklyn Museum, the Smithsonian Institutions, the Baltimore Museum of Art, the Oakland Museum of California, and the National Museum of Fine Arts, Santiago, Chile.[13]

Her first husband was John O'Neal.[6] In 1983, O'Neal met the Chilean painter Patricio Moreno Toro, eventually she remarried.[6][14]

• Mary Lovelace O’Neal on the African American Visual Artists Database