Matthew Mendelsohn

Mendelsohn was recruited by Premier Dalton McGuinty and Cabinet Secretary Tony Dean to head up the Democratic Renewal Secretariat in 2004. The main accomplishment of the DRS was the establishment of the Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform, widely hailed as an innovative experiment in deliberative democracy. The Assembly was followed by a referendum on a proposal for a Mixed Member Proportional electoral system. The conduct of the referendum was widely criticized as being stacked against change, and the proposal went down to defeat.

Mendelsohn became Ontario’s Deputy Minister of Intergovernmental and International Affairs in 2005, leading Ontario’s ‘fair share’ campaign and re-negotiating many intergovernmental agreements with the federal government. Liberal Premier McGuinty and Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper were involved in an often bitter political battle at this time, with Harper and his Ministers leveling a variety of attacks on McGuinty, calling him the small man of Confederation and urging international investors to avoid investing in Ontario due to McGuinty’s policies, including aggressive climate policies and increased taxes and social spending.

The battle culminated with repeated efforts from Prime Minister Harper to redraw the electoral map to give Ontario voters less representation in the House of Commons and re-arrange Canada’s fiscal arrangements to reduce transfers to Ontario. The Ontario government is widely credited with resisting these attempts and rolling back Harper’s efforts to shift power away from Toronto and Ontario. Mendelsohn directed these efforts within the public service and Ontario’s campaigns eventually led to more cordial relationships between the two governments and successful collaboration on infrastructure projects and a move toward a harmonized value added tax between the federal and provincial governments.

Mendelsohn led the polling unit for the Privy Council Office in the aftermath of the 1995 referendum, supporting federal efforts to pass the Calgary Declaration recognizing Quebec’s unique place in Canada, the Social Union Framework Agreement and the Supreme Court Reference on Quebec’s right to secede and the subsequent Clarity Act, outlining the obligations on the part of governments should Quebecers vote to secede from Canada. Mendelsohn published academic work using data from his time in government on the Quebec nationalist movement. Mendelsohn argued that inter-personal variables and the importance of ‘feelings’ had been underplayed in previous scholarship focused on rational choice models.[13]

Mendelsohn was appointed the first Deputy Secretary to the Cabinet for Results & Delivery in February 2015. Mendelsohn’s appointment was controversial because he had worked on the Liberal platform.[14]

Mendelsohn described his role as shifting the culture of the federal government toward implementation and measurement of impact by tracking progress on implementation of the government’s agenda on behalf of the Prime Minister, helping Ministers overcome obstacles to success and helping Departments clarify their desired outcomes, metrics, measures of success and evaluation strategies.[15]

Mendelsohn’s work became closely associated with Sir Michael Barber’s “Deliverology” approach when Barber and Mendelsohn appeared at the Trudeau government’s first cabinet retreat.[16] Mendelsohn himself never used the term “deliverology”[17] when describing his work,[18] outlining his goals as helping Ministers be clear about their goals, departments are organized to implement, and relentless in measuring progress and recalibrating.[19] Mendelsohn continued to appear at all cabinet retreats, outlining the government’s progress on meeting it commitments.

The Results and Delivery Unit (RDU) was responsible for working with departments to implement agile processes to more effectively hit targets on things like the reduction of child poverty, the elimination of boil water advisories for Indigenous communities and conservation.

In November 2017, the government released a public tracker reporting on its progress on mandate letters. Many editorialists were critical of the enterprise,[20] finding the language too bureaucratic and disagreeing with some of the characterizations of whether commitments had been met or not.[21] Mendelsohn himself dismissed these criticisms, insisting that tracking mandate letter commitments was an important part of transparency and accountability.[22] Independent academic research later concluded that the Trudeau Government had done a better job of keeping its commitments than any government in Canadian history.[23]

Mendelsohn also insisted publicly that the culture change, focus on outcomes, capacity building on implementation and new investments and governance on data were the most important aspects of the work of the Results and Delivery Unit and the Impact and Innovation Unit.[24]

He argued publicly[25] that the focus of the Trudeau government on building capacity around data analytics, digital infrastructure and project execution paid off in 2020 when the government successfully rolled out new programs in response to COVID-19.

Mendelsohn’s team at the Impact and Innovation Unit (IIU) oversaw the creation of the Impact Canada Platform, which experiments with outcomes-based funding approaches to program delivery.[26] Most of its most successful projects have been Prize Challenges, including Canada’s Smart Cities Challenge. The IIU also led the Government of Canada’s work on behavioural science and experimented with using behavioural insights to increase take up rates of benefit programs for low income Canadians.[27] Mendelsohn spoke publicly that the role of the IIU was to measure whether program dollars were having maximum impact.

Mendelsohn wrote that the IIU and the RDU were complementary by relentlessly focusing on implementation, measuring outcomes and using evidence to inform policy and program decisions. The IIU oversaw the development of the Government of Canada’s blog on innovation, which showcased the government’s efforts on human-centred design, data analytics, impact measurement, co-creation, outcomes-based funding and behavioural science.

During his time in Ottawa, he was identified as one of the most powerful people in the government[28] and referred to as ‘the policy guru’[29] while being the person responsible for ensuring the Government delivered on its campaign manifesto.