Mission Creek (British Columbia)

Mission Creek is a large creek in the Okanagan Region of British Columbia. Originally called N'wha-kwi-sen (smoothing stones), it was later mapped as Rivière de l’Anse-au-Sable (Sandy Bay River), the name Mission Creek was adopted in 1860 in honour of the Catholic Oblate Mission established by Father Pandosy and other settlers.[1] The Creek rises in the Greystoke Mountain Range and runs west about 43 kilometres (27 mi) before emptying into Okanagan Lake south of Kelowna.[2] Its watershed covers about 200,000 square kilometres (49,000,000 acres).[2] Mission Creek was designated a BC Heritage River by the province in 1996.[3]

Mission Creek
Rivière de l'Anse-au-Sable
Mouth of Mission Creek
Native nameN'wha-kwi-sen
Location
CountryCanada
StateBritish Columbia
DistrictCentral Okanagan
CityKelowna
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationBritish Columbia, Canada
Mouth 
 • location
British Columbia, Canada
 • coordinates
49°50′33″N 119°29′37″W
Length75 km (47 mi)
Basin size860 km2 (330 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • locationLake Okanagan
 • average6.81 m3/s (240 cu ft/s)

Kokanee

Mission Creek is the main spawning channel of Kokanee. The landlocked salmon likely made their way into the Okanagan when a remnant of Glacial Lake Penticton was connected by streams to the Pacific Ocean.[4]

Mission Creek Greenway
Mission Creek Greenway (15km Marker) 2016

The Mission Creek Greenway is a linear park extending along the creek from the shores of Okanagan Lake to Mission Creek Falls. Geological features along the trail are numerous and diverse, including; Layer Cake Hill, the Pinnacle, the White Lake Formation, hoodoos, exposures of ancient river systems and gigantic boulders dropped by the Fraser Glacier.[5]

Channelization

Mission Creek has been heavily modified through narrowing of the channel by the building of dikes for flood control from East Kelowna Bridge to the river mouth at Okanagan Lake. The Mission Creek channel has lost natural alluvial geomorphic processes (riffles, stream pools, and meanders), connection to the floodplain and wetlands, fish spawning and incubation habitats, diverse fish rearing habitats, diverse overwintering habitats, and fish refuge from high velocity water. [6]

In 1938, much of the Mission Creek channel was significantly wider than it is currently, up to a maximum of 120 metres (390 ft). The channel narrowed to 50 metres (160 ft) from when dyking was completed in 1951 until sometime between 1973 and 1986 when the channel narrowed to 35 metres (115 ft). By 2006, channel width had decreased to 30 metres (98 ft).[6]

Mining

The creek was first mined in the 1870s. Later people such as Dan Gallagher mined the creek until the 1940s.[7] British Columbia historian Bill Barlee believes the lost McLean Mine is located between the headwaters of Mission Creek and Monashee Creek. McLean was a First Nations prospector who lived near Kelowna.[8] Placer mining occurred in Mission Creek around the early 20th century.[6]

Bridges

Several bridges span the Mission Creek. Here is a list starting from Lake Okanagan:

  • Lakeshore Road - this bridge was rebuilt in the summer of 2014.[9]
  • Gordon Road - this bridge was rebuilt in the summer of 2010[10]
  • Casorso Bridge
  • KLO road
  • Bridges above Gallagher's Canyon are not listed (Forestry Roads and Highways)

References
  1. "Mission Creek". BC Geographical Names.
  2. "Mission Creek". British Columbia, Ministry of Environment. Retrieved 2015-02-10.
  3. "About Mission Creek". Mission Creek Restoration Initiative. Retrieved 2015-02-10.
  4. Murray A., Roed (1995). "Chapter 9: Geologic Landmarks of the Kelowna Area". In Roed, Murray A. (ed.). Okanagan Geology: British Columbia. Okanagan Geology Committee. p. 25. ISBN 978-0-9699795-4-8.
  5. Murray A., Roed (1995). "Chapter 3: Physiographic Divisions". In Roed, Murray A. (ed.). Okanagan Geology: British Columbia. Okanagan Geology Committee. p. 25. ISBN 978-0-9699795-4-8.
  6. Dr. Leif M. Burge (March 2009). Analysis of Sedimentation and Sediment Mitigation Strategies for Mission Creek (PDF) (Report). Kelowna, British Columbia: City of Kelowna Environment Division. Retrieved 2016-02-24.
  7. N.L. Barlee (1973), Gold Creeks and Ghost Towns. Canada West Publications.
  8. N.L. Barlee (1976), Historic Treasures and Lost Mines of British Columbia. Canada West Publications.
  9. "Lakeshore Road Upgrades". City of Kelowna. Retrieved 2015-02-10.
  10. "Gordon Bridge (over Mission Creek) project info" (PDF). City of Kelowna.


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