Montipora digitata

Montipora digitata, also known as finger coral, is a species of stony coral. It is found in shallow water in East Africa, the Indo-West Pacific, Kenya, Mozambique and Rodriguez.

Montipora digitata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Anthozoa
Order: Scleractinia
Family: Acroporidae
Genus: Montipora
Species:
M. digitata
Binomial name
Montipora digitata
Dana, 1846[2]
Synonyms
List
  • Manopora digitata Dana, 1846
  • Manopora tortuosa Dana, 1846
  • Montipora alcicornis Bernard, 1897
  • Montipora bolsii Bernard, 1897
  • Montipora divaricata Brüggemann, 1879
  • Montipora fruticosa Bernard, 1897
  • Montipora indentata Bernard, 1897
  • Montipora irregularis Quelch, 1886
  • Montipora levis Quelch, 1886
  • Montipora marenzelleri Bernard, 1897
  • Montipora nana Bernard, 1897
  • Montipora palmata (Dana, 1846)
  • Montipora poritiformis Verrill, 1869
  • Montipora spatula Bernard, 1897
  • Montipora spicata Bernard, 1897
  • Montipora spongila Bernard, 1900
  • Montipora tortuosa (Dana, 1846)

Description

Colonies of Montipora digitata are digitate or bushy with vertically aligned, anastomosing branches, and forming hemispherical mounds that may be 40 centimetres (16 in) or more in diameter. The corallites are small and deeply sunk into the skeleton, giving it a pitted appearance. This coral is usually pale cream, pale yellow or brown.[2]

Biology

Montipora digitata is a zooxanthellate species of coral.[2] It obtains most of its nutritional needs from the symbiotic dinoflagellates that live inside its soft tissues. These photosynthetic organisms provide the coral with organic carbon and nitrogen, sometimes providing up to 90% of their host's energy needs for metabolism and growth. Its remaining needs are met by the planktonic organisms caught by the tentacles of the polyps.[3]

Montipora digitata is a simultaneous hermaphrodite. Spawning takes place once a year and is synchronised among the colonies in any one locality. Packets of eggs and sperm are released into the water column and, being buoyant, rise to the surface. Here the packets break up and cross-fertilisation takes place with gametes from different colonies intermixing.[4]

Status

This coral is a common species and is relatively unaffected by coral bleaching. The main threats faced by corals are related to climate change; the mechanical destruction of their coral reef habitats, increasing damage from extreme weather events, rising sea water temperatures and ocean acidification. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed the conservation status of this species as being of "least concern". All corals receive protection by being listed on CITES Appendix II.[1]

References
  1. DeVantier, L.; Hodgson, G.; Huang, D.; Johan, O.; Licuanan, A.; Obura, D.; Sheppard, C.; Syahrir, M.; Turak, E. (2008). "Montipora digitata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T133194A3624773. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T133194A3624773.en.
  2. Montipora digitata Dana, 1846. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species.
  3. Ruppert, Edward E.; Fox, Richard, S.; Barnes, Robert D. (2004). Invertebrate Zoology (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. p. 122. ISBN 978-81-315-0104-7.
  4. Heyward, A.J.; Babcock, R.C. (1986). "Self- and cross-fertilization in scleractinian corals". Marine Biology. 90 (2): 191–195. doi:10.1007/BF00569127.
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