Mukhtar Ahmad Dogar

Dogar gained a commission in Royal Air Force, and was accepted into the Royal Air Force Academy in Cranwell. After he graduate from the Academy, he gained his B.S. in Aerospace studies. After his education, Dogar joined Royal Air Force, and participated in 1945 Burma Campaign as a Flying officer. After the independence of Pakistan, Flying officer Dogar opted Pakistan's nationality, and was inherited in No. 5 Squadron Falcons. He was stationed in Gilgit-Baltistan, and participated in Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. On 4 November 1948, Dogar, a fighter pilot of Dakota, in the valleys of Kashmir was attacked by two Indian Air Force (IAF) Hawker Tempest fighter aircraft and ordered to surrender and land at Srinagar. Though unarmed and unable to retaliate, the undaunted pilot refused to capitulate.

The government of Pakistan had given orders to Pakistan Air Force (PAF) to stay away from the conflict. Pakistan, faced with limited aircraft and the hazardous weather, issued specific orders to PAF to not be involved in the conflict while the ground operations were undertaken by the Army. In the early morning of 4 November 1948, Dogar, along with Flying Officer Jagjivan, took off to Skardu to drop the military load to Pakistan Army. While returning to base, the pilots had spotted the IAF's Hawker Tempests, in a covert operation. At first, Dogar believed it was the Pakistani aircraft, but the pilots had not received any early warning from the Air Force control base.

Dogar continued flying with the IAF pilots. After 15 minutes, on the radio the IAF Tempests pilots ordered Dogar and Jagjivan to go to the nearest Indian airfield but Dogar and Jagjivan took no response of the order and continued flying to Risalpur Airbase. The order was repeated three times but the PAF pilots did not respond. Aggravated, the IAF pilots threatened to shoot down Dogar and Jagjivan if the orders weren't followed. The IAF pilots fired a free burst to show that they were armed. Dogar and Jagjivan tried to avoid to respond as they had given orders by the Government of Pakistan. The army personnel on the ground had requested the pilots to ease off. Flying Officer Alfred Jagjivan and Naik Mohammad Din, however, stood watching from the open doorway of the aircraft, blissfully unaware of what was to come to them a minute later.

At this time, one of the IAF pilots broke off, gained a little height and came in to attack. He fired a full burst of 20 mm at the PAF pilots, fatally wounding Naik Mohammad Din and knocking Jagjivan unconscious with a profusely bleeding arm. The encounter had lasted twenty to twenty-five minutes. Flying Officer Dogar began to retaliate and wounded PAF pilot Alfred Jagjivan came to his rescue. The PAF pilots had shot down the IAF pilots, killing all the IAF pilots in action.[1]

Air Commodore Dogar and Air Commodore Alfred Jagjivan were awarded the Sitara-e-Jurat for his daring handling of the belligerent Indian Air Force fighters on 4 November 1948. His Sitara-e-Jurat is the first for Pakistan Air Force.[1][2]

Dogar, as Air Commodore (Brigadier-General, was serving as Air Commodore-in-Chief in PAF. Dogar had participated in Operation Gibraltar, and was an instrument creating a special forces unit within the Pakistan Air Force (PAF). Dogar was first who established and founded "Special Airwarfare Wing" (now-known as Special Service Wing), where he had served there as first Air Commodore-in-Chief. He played an important role, and headed the SAW until his retirement in 1968.

Dogar remained on various command and staff assignments during his career in PAF, which included OC Flying Wing Lahore in 1956, Deputy Director Plans at AHQ in 1957, Director Operations at PIA in 1960 and Officer Commanding Dacca Base from 1960-1963. He commanded PAF Base, Chaklala and Peshawar as well.

Dogar was the only PAF officer who had flown such a large variety of aircraft during his long and illustrious service. He had flown more than 35 fighter, transport, light communication and bomber aircraft. Dogar retired from service in 1968.