NGC 1333

NGC 1333 is a reflection nebula located in the northern constellation Perseus, positioned next to the southern constellation border with Taurus and Aries.[3] It was first discovered by German astronomer Eduard Schönfeld in 1855.[4] The nebula is visible as a hazy patch in a small telescope, while a larger aperture will show a pair of dark nebulae designated Barnard 1 and Barnard 2.[5] It is associated with a dark cloud L1450 (Barnard 205). Estimates of the distance to this nebula range from 980–1,140 ly (300–350 pc).[4]

NGC 1333
Reflection nebula
An infrared image of NGC 1333 by the Spitzer Space Telescope
Credit: SIRTF/NASA/JPL
Observation data: J2000.0 epoch
Right ascension03h 29m 11.3s[1]
Declination+31° 18′ 36″[1]
Distance967 ly (296.5 pc)[1] ly
Apparent magnitude (V)5.6
Apparent dimensions (V)6′ x 3′
ConstellationPerseus
DesignationsCed 16, GN 03.26.1, LBN 741[2]

This nebula is in the western part[4] of the Perseus molecular cloud and is a young region of very active star formation,[6] being one of the best-studied objects of its type.[4] It contains a fairly typical hierarchy of star clusters that are still embedded in the molecular cloud in which they formed,[7] which are split into two main sub-groups to the north and south. Most of the infrared emission is happening in the southern part of the nebula. A significant portion of the stars seen in the infrared are in the pre-main sequence stage of their evolution.[6]

The nebula region has a combined mass of approximately 450 M☉,[4] while the cluster contains around 150 stars with a median age of a million years and a combined mass of 100 M☉. The average star formation rate is 10×10−4 M☉ yr–1.[4] Within the nebular are 20 young stellar objects producing outflows, including Herbig–Haro objects. A total of 95 X-ray sources that are associated with known members of embedded star clusters.[6] In 2011 researchers reported finding 30 to 40 brown dwarf objects in the cloud and in the Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex.[8]

References
  1. Soubiran, C.; et al. (November 2018). "Open cluster kinematics with Gaia DR2". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 619: 11. arXiv:1808.01613. Bibcode:2018A&A...619A.155S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834020. A155.
  2. "NGC 1333". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2020-08-15.
  3. Sinnott, Roger W.; Perryman, Michael A. C. (1997). Millennium Star Atlas. 1. Sky Publishing Corporation and the European Space Agency. ISBN 0-933346-84-0.
  4. Walawender, J.; et al. (December 2008). Reipurth, Bo (ed.). NGC 1333: A Nearby Burst of Star Formation (PDF). Handbook of Star Forming Regions. ASP Monograph Publications. 1. p. 346. Retrieved 2020-08-15.
  5. Inglis, Michael (2004). Astronomy of the Milky Way. Springer London. p. 167. ISBN 1-85233-709-5.
  6. Getman, Konstantin V.; et al. (August 2002). "Chandra Study of Young Stellar Objects in the NGC 1333 Star-forming Cloud". The Astrophysical Journal. 575 (1): 354–377. arXiv:astro-ph/0204252. Bibcode:2002ApJ...575..354G. doi:10.1086/341219.
  7. Schulz, Norbert S. (2005). From Dust To Stars. Praxis Publishing Limited. p. 213. ISBN 9783540237112.
  8. "Rogue Failed Star Is One of Smallest Ever Seen". space.com. Retrieved 11 October 2011.
  9. "Champions League". www.spacetelescope.org. Retrieved 4 November 2019.
  10. "The smoking gun of a newborn star". www.spacetelescope.org. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
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