Nanji Kalidas Mehta

Nanji Kalidas Mehta, MBE, Raj Ratna, (17 November 1887 – 25 August 1969) was an industrialist and philanthropist from Gujarat. He founded the Mehta Group of Industries in British East Africa, now having its head office in India.

Personal life

Mehta was born on 17 November 1887 in Gorana village, near Porbandar in the Princely State of Porbandar, British India.[1] He was born in a Gujarati Hindu family of Lohana caste. He left for East Africa at the age of thirteen in 1900.[2][3][4] He married Santoshben Mehta. Shekhar Mehta, the sports car driver, and Jai Mehta, the businessman, are his grandsons.[5][6][7]

Business career

He started his career as a trader and ventured into growing vegetable, cotton and then sugarcane in the British East Africa. Later he ventured in to sugar manufacturing, tea and coffee plantations in that region. He in his later life also started a Cement plant, ginneries, a textile unit and oil mills in India. He thus founded the Mehta Group conglomerate, which is now spread across the globe.[2]

He was contemporary of some other Gujarati businessmen and philanthropists of East Africa such as Meghji Pethraj Shah, Muljibhai Madhvani and others.[8] On the original building of Muljibhai Madhvani's office in Jinja, Nanjibhai's name still appears as DUKA YA KALIDASI, a mark of their friendship.[9]

He established the present day Sugar Corporation of Uganda Limited under the name Uganda Sugar Factory in 1924 at Lugazi. He was one of the first exporters of Uganda's cotton to Japan and other places which greatly helped in the establishment of the cotton industry in Uganda.[10]

In 1932 he established a cotton mill named Maharana Mills in Porbandar, the land for which was given at a measly sum by Maharana Natwarsinhji of Porbandar. The company employed 2500 workers at time of Indian independence in 1947. Nanjibhai was an Arya Samaji and was instrumental in giving Dalits the jobs in spite of protests by Brahmins.[11] Again it was for breaking the strike in this Maharana Mills, Nanjibhai is said to have employed services of Devu and Karsan Vagher in late 1960s.[12][13] In 1956 he established Saurashtra Cement Limited in Gujarat.[14]

The happy girls working in Maharana Mills at Probandar used to sing in his praise:

 Nanji's lamp burns in Japan
Nanji Seth is lamp of our heart

[15]

Later life and death

In 1966, he published his Autobiography named Dreams half expressed,[16] where he mentions

"The way to success is a hard road to travel. Disappointments and failures dishearten us in the midst of struggle but a man of enterprise has to pass through the period with patience and cheerfulness till he gets his well deserved returns."[10]

He died on 25 August 1969 at Porbandar in India.[17]

Honours

Mehta was awarded an M.B.E. by Britain for his work in Uganda. He was also given the title of Raj Ratna of Porbandar State by H.H. Maharana Sri Natwarsinhji and a title of Dhrama Ratna (defender of faith) by the poet, Kaka Kalelkar.[17]

In Uganda, upon his death, the flag flew at half mast.[17]

Philanthropist

India
  • Kirti Mandir at Porbandar, which houses the ancestral house of Mahatma Gandhi and a memorial/temple built in memory of Mahatma Gandhi and Kasturba, was mainly built due to efforts and money donated by Nanji Kalidas Mehta. He convinced Gandhiji to sell his ancestral house to a trust created by him, so that they can preserve it as a memorial.[15][18]
  • Arya Kanya Gurukul, a Girls Resident School was started by him in 1936.[18]
  • In 1954, he donated a plot of land at Haridwar for Gujarati Dharamshala of which he also was a trustee.[19]
  • Arya Samaj Girls School and College / Gurukul Women's College of Arts and Commerce was started by him in 1956 at Porbandar.[18]
  • He built the Maharshi Dayanand Science College and donated it to the Education Society of Porbandar and named it after Swami Dayanand Saraswati, to keep people alive the memory of the founder of Arya samaj.[8]
  • Jawahralal Nehru Planetarium also called Tara Mandir was started by him in Porbandar, being the first in Western India. The planetarium has a gallery dedicated to Quit India Movement.[8][18][20]
  • The Bharat Mandir at Porbandar is a unique edifice housing the cultural history and heritage of the country in paintings and in quotes on the surrounding walls and pillars and with a relief map of India in the centre.[8]
  • In 2006 the Shri Santokba Vidyamandir was inaugurated in memory of Santokba, the wife of Nanjibhai, under the auspices of the Arya Kanya Vidyalaya Trust at Porbandar.[8]
  • N.K. Mehta Hospital in Probandar.[18]
  • N.K. Mehta Science College in Probandar.[18]
  • Rokadiya Hanuman Temple at Probandar, which is now a tourist attraction of town.[18]
  • At Bombay, the N. K. Mehta International House, a building built by Brihad Bharatiya Samaj, a non-political society designed for educational, social and economical interest of Indians abroad was built with a major donation from Nanji Kalidas Mehta. The building houses a library, research wing, auditorium and hostel.[18]
  • Rest Houses and Dharamshalas at Junagadh, Girnar, Haridwar[8]

After his demise, the following institutions have been named as his memorials:-

  • Nanji Kalidas DAV Public School at Junagadh is named after him.[21]
  • Nanji Kalidas DAV Public School at Veraval is also named after him.[22]
  • Recently, Jai Mehta, grandson of Nanji Kalidas and husband of Juhi Chawla along with Shah Rukh Khan, who together are co-owners of Kolkata Knight Riders have decided to take over existing ground named Duleep cricket ground at Porbandar and develop it into a world class cricket stadium, which will be named Nanji Kalidas Mehta Stadium.[23][24]

Uganda
  • The Mehta Group founded by him runs a hospital at Lugazi and various dispensaries and runs 2 Nursery Schools, 13 Primary Schools and 1 Secondary School to provide education for more than 6,000 children in various cities like Kampala, Jinja, Lugazi, etc.[8][18]
  • Arya Girls School at Kampala.[2]
  • Town Hall, Mehta Library and Jubilee Park at Kampala.[2][25]
  • The opening of The Desai Memorial Hall built with donations dedicated to Manilal Ambalal Desai was done by Nanji Kalidas Mehta in 1934. The foundation stone of it was laid with hands of Sarojini Naidu in 1929.[26]

Kenya
  • He started the very first nursery school in East Africa at Mombasa, which was founded in 1934. The school was named Santokben Nanji Kalidas Mehta Nursery School. In 2006 the Mehta Group completely renovated, refurbished the school.[8]
  • Arya Girls School at Nairobi[2]

Tanzania

References
  1. Desai, Gaurav (2011). "Commerce as Romance: Nanji Kalidas Mehta's Dream Half-Expressed Research in African Literatures Vol. 42, No. 3, Asian African Literatures / Gaurav Desai, Special Guest Editor (Fall 2011), pp. 147-165". Research in African Literatures. 42 (3): 147–165. doi:10.2979/reseafrilite.42.3.147. JSTOR 10.2979/reseafrilite.42.3.147. S2CID 195495997.
  2. "Shri Nanjibhai Kalidas Mehta, the founder of the Mehta Group". Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  3. Bennett, Charles Joseph (1976). Persistence Amid Adversity: The Growth and Spatial Distribution of the Asian Population of Kenya, 1902–1963. Syracuse University Press. p. 182. Probably the success of the most prominent Lohana families in Uganda, Nanji Kalidas Mehta and Sons, M. P. Madhvani and D. K. Hindocha had much influence on Lohana migration from Porbandar and Jamnagar
  4. Schwartz, Howard (2017). The Rise and Fall of Philanthropy in East Africa: The Asian Contribution. Routledge. ISBN 9781351475051.
  5. "Community Tribute, Bereavements". LCUK eNewsletter. May 2006. Archived from the original on 27 June 2007. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
  6. "Jay Mehta – We have Shah Rukh, a magnet for sponsors". Live Mint. 10 March 2010. Retrieved 6 May 2010.
  7. "Shah Rukh Khan, Juhi Chawla and Jai Mehta". Times of India. 2 April 2008. Retrieved 6 May 2010.
  8. "Corporate Social Responsibility". Mehta Group. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  9. Entrepreneurship in Africa: a study of successes. David S. Fick.
  10. "Uganda's Legendary Millionaires Revealed : Mehtas". Ugandans-At-Heart. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  11. Journeys to freedom: Dalit narratives, Fernando Franco, Jyotsna Macwan, Suguna Ramanathan.
  12. "Bapu's children swear by guns". hindustantimes.com/. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  13. Manven Rakesh (2 April 2011). "Life of a God Mother comes to an end". Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  14. "sarashtra cement ranavav-1". Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  15. "The whole credit of constructing this national memorial of Mahatma Gandhiji goes to the famous industrialist of Gujarat. Nanjibhai Kalidas Mehta, and to the whole of the Mehta family, because the creation and construction of the Kirti Mandir could be possible only due to the donations of the late Nanjibhai Mehta. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel performed the opening ceremony of the Kirti Mandir. Afterwards this beautiful memorial was handed over to the Central Government of India". Archived from the original on 3 January 2015. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  16. "Dream half-expressed; an autobiography by Nanji Kalidas Mehta – Books and Videos". NAMASKAR-AFRICANA. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  17. "Founder of Kirti Mandir – Shri Nanjibhai Kalidas Mehta". Archived from the original on 3 January 2015. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  18. The rise and fall of philanthropy in East Africa: the Asian contribution, Robert G. Gregory.
  19. "haridwar, Dharamshala in Haridwar, gujarati dharamshala haridwar India, gujarati dharamshala haridwar, Senetorium in haridwar, gujarati Senetorium in haridwar, Ashrams and Dharamshalas in haridwar, gujarati samaj dharamshala, gujarati samaj haridwar, PUJYA CHHAGANBAPA SMARAK BHAWAN, Shrimati Jamnabai Narsi Bhavan,Shri S. K. Thakkar Bhavan, Raobahadur Late Shri Karamshi Damji Aarogya Bhavan, Tulsidas Kilachand Bhavan, RADHAMOHAN CHOKSI BHAVAN, India". Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  20. Vyas, Rajnee (2006). Welcome to Gujarat – Rajnee Vyas. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  21. Nanji Kalidas DAV Public School, Junagadh
  24. "::: Welcome To ShahRukh Khan News Blog (unofficial) :::: SRK-Juhi to develop cricket stadium". Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  25. The Crown colonist, Volume 19, 1949.
  26. "Desai Memorial". Retrieved 1 January 2020.
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