Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal

Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal was born 10 September 1996 in Bangkok, Thailand. He is the second child of a middle-class family of shopkeepers, growing up in Samut Prakan Province.[7]

In 2012, Netiwit and a group of fellow students formed TERA (Thailand Education Revolution Alliance). A student-led organization, TERA aimed to pressure education authorities to reform the Thai education system. This includes abolishing of the strict uniform codes, increasing the quality of teachers and the curriculum, reducing rote-style education, and increasing the number of public schools.[8] Netiwit gained public recognition after appearing on a television program to speak about the organization and its cause.[9]

Education for Liberation of Siam was formed in December 2013 by Netiwit and other student activists. Netiwit serves as the first secretary of the organization. The purpose of the group is to provide a platform for student activism and disseminating questionable actions and misconduct by authority figures in the Thai education system. In 2014, under the secretary general Nattanan Warintarawet, the organization gained prominence for protesting against educational reforms put in place by the Junta.[10][11][12][13]

In July 2016, Netiwit and a friend caused controversy by refusing to prostrate before the statue of King Rama V at an annual Chulalongkorn University event citing that King Rama V himself abolished the act. He received both praise and criticism from the act, notably the ire of General Prayut Chan-o-cha, leader of Thailand's junta.[14][15][16] Netiwit has also spoken out against hazing in a common Thai initiation tradition known as "rub nong" (Thai: รับน้อง; RTGS: rap nong; IPA: [ráp nɔ́ːŋ]).[17]

In 2016, Netiwit personally invited activist Joshua Wong to speak at an event commemorating the 1976 Thammasat University massacre. Wong was detained for twelve hours upon entering Thailand but managed to speak to attendees via Skype after being deported.[18][19] In May 2017, Netiwit was elected as Student Council President at Chulalongkorn University.[20][21]

Netiwit giving political speech

Netiwit and seven other members of the student council walked out of an oath-giving ceremony requiring them to prostrate in front of a statue of King Rama VI in symbolic protest. As a result, one of the members was assaulted by a professor, Reungwit Bunjongrat, and the protesting members had their "behavioural scores" cut by the university as punishment. Subsequently, this led to the members, including Netiwit, being removed from their position on the student council.[22][23] Netiwit has since received support from academics and activists internationally,[24] including the Nobel Prize laureate Roald Hoffmann, the scholar and political activist Noam Chomsky, and the Harvard psychologist Steven Pinker. In January 2018, seven Nobel laureates sent a petition to Chulalongkorn University to appeal for Netiwit and his seven friends and to criticize the university.[25]

In 2019 after he filed a petition with the Court against Chulalongkorn University, the administrative court ruled in his favor since then Chulalongkorn university authority returned his position and behavioural points to him.[6]

On 22 May 2018, Netiwit joined as a protester calling the Junta to give the general election to Thai people, and resign from the government. In that day, the protesters went to protest in front of the United Nation headquarter in Bangkok. Netiwit did not go there. However, next week he had been accused by the police for violating the 2015 Public Assembly Act and disturbing peace in the country. The case is still not ruled by the court.[31]

In May 2018, the Humboldt University student council stated the public statement on the official website calling on university leaders and student representatives in Germany to stand with him and asking the Thai government to drop all charges against him and others immediately.[32] [33]

In 2018, he ran to be board members of Amnesty International Thailand, AIT, and to be elected in the Annual General Meeting 2019 on 21 July 2018. Then, AIT filed a request to the Bangkok Association Registrar to have a replacement of board member. However, the Bangkok Association Registrar informed AIT that they could not register and issue a permit for the registration of all new board members invoking Netiwit's improper demeanor or lack of qualification to be a member of an Association's Board. An appeal was filed as a result of which the authority accepted to register the three new board members save for Netiwit.[34]

AIT later filed an appeal with the Minister of Interior furhishing and was further informed that Netiwit was being held criminally liable in four cases for “being complicit in an act to defy the Head of the National Council for Peace and Order no. 3/2558 on “The Maintenance of Public Order and National Security's Article 12”. The authority therefore deemed the demeanor of him was not fit for the administration of a good association that serves public interest and to set an example for general public and youth. It was deemed his behavior was improper and he was therefore not qualified to sit as a board member of the association since it may affect public order and national security.

The alleged police document leaked to Netiwit in 2020 outlines four points regarding his ‘unsuitable behavior’ from when he was in high school to his time at Chulalongkorn University.[35][36]

The four points are:

• insuitable behavior that breaches Thai etiquette and culture (citing his demand to abolish school hair-cut rules when he was in high school)
• Non-cooperation with military conscription in accordance with the law
• Leading and/or participating in a protest that would harm Thai diplomatic relations (citing his demonstration in support of Liu Xiaobo and 1989 Tiananmen Square protests)
• Actions against provisions and litigation

In October 2019, AIT and Netiwit filed a lawsuit with the Administrative Court, the defendants are the registrar for alleged abuse of power in disqualifying Netiwit and Interior Minister Gen Anupong Paochinda for neglect of duty for failing to deliver the appeal result in the stipulated timeframe.

• In 2013, Netiwit had been nominated for a National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) award, but he rejected it, stating that he doubts whether the NHRC really takes the human rights issues seriously.[37]
• In 2018 Netiwit was invited as one of the speakers at Oslo Freedom Forum 2018, which sponsored by the Human Rights Foundation.[38]
• In 2018, Netiwit was announced as 1 of 50 Asians to watch in the public and social sector by the Straits Times (Singapore Press) as an honor to his social works, especially on democracy, education and military conscription.[4]

After he was stripped of the position of the president of the student council, Netiwit and his colleagues founded Sam Nak Nisit Sam Yan Publishing (SCPH), non-profit publisher, with the aim of publishing students’ books and Thai translations of foreign political and philosophical works concerning with human rights and democratic ideas. In the statement on SCPH website, it emphasizes to bridge knowledge from the ‘east’ and ‘west’ together in order to promote a secure foundation for upholding human rights both in and out of Thailand as well as the mean to strengthen communication between professors, students and the general public.[39]

The first work published by SCPH was the book published during Joshua Wong was in jail due to his conviction overturned by the Hong Kong court in October 2017. The book, Time is on our side: A birthday book for Joshua Wong’, which translated by Netiwit himself, contained translated essays from Martin Luther King Jr. ( Letter from Birmingham Jail) and Liu Xiaobo (Tiananmen Square: The hunger strike declaration, 2 June 1989), as well as a translated interview with Joshua Wong. After that SCPH has published the work of philosopher such as Isaiah Berlin, Liu Xiaobo, Cass Sunstein, Timothy Snyder, Vaclav Havel, Rebecca Solnit as well as many activism work.[40]

Joshua Wong, a prominent activist, said about the publishing as ‘Sam Nak Nisit Samyang Publishing offers to youngsters of Thai a lesson on how to confront authoritarian oppression under a hard-line policy of the regime’[39]

Netiwit has written many books on the Thai education he experienced in general and his school in particular; His well-known book is ‘A Bad Student In an Excellent Educational System’ concerning his struggle in high school. He also wrote the opinion on Thai politics, and on Chinese abusing human rights of Uighurs, Hong Kong and Tibetans. In 2018, he wrote a pamphlet called ‘I Can Love My Country Without Having to be Drafted’ explaining why he think the enforced conscription in Thailand is obsolete.[41] Netiwit translated Martin Luther King Jr.'s Letter from Birmingham Jail and Liu Xiaobo's Second June Hunger Strike Declaration to raise funds for the twenty-first birthday of his friend Joshua Wong, who was in jail at the time. Netiwit has also worked with his friends to translate a selection of Isaiah Berlin's essays into Thai and sent it to Deputy Police Commissioner Pol General Srivara Ransibrahmanakul which charged Netiwit with false PR.[42] He also translated ‘On Tyranny’ by Timothy Snyder as well as work of Vaclav Havel, Thomas Paine, Noam Chomsky and Tony Judt. Netiwit stated his opinion against Chinese abusing human rights of minorities he launched his Thai translated book 'I Have No Enemies' the first collected essays of the late Liu Xiaobo, Chinese dissidents, in which Joshua Wong and Perry Link wrote the foreword, and translated work on Uighur devastating situation in China.[43]

• Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal's Website "Netiwit.com"
• Facebook FanPage "Netiwit Ntw"
• Youtube Channel "เนติวิทย์ โชติภัทร์ไพศาล"
• Goodread "เนติวิทย์ โชติภัทร์ไพศาล"