Nombre de Dios, Colón

Nombre de Dios (Spanish: "Name of God") is a city and corregimiento in Santa Isabel District, Colón Province, Panama, on the Atlantic coast of Panama in the Colón Province. Founded as a Spanish colony in 1510 by Diego de Nicuesa, it was one of the first European settlements on the Isthmus of Panama. As of 2010 it had a population of 1,130 people.[1]

Nombre de Dios
Corregimiento and city
Illustration of an imagined Nombre de Dios, from Peter Schenk's 1672 Hecatompolis
Nombre de Dios
Coordinates: 9°34′58.40″N 79°28′13.10″W
Country Panama
ProvinceColón
DistrictSanta Isabel
Area
 • Land143.5 km2 (55.4 sq mi)
Population
 (2010)[1]
 • Total1,130
 • Density7.9/km2 (20/sq mi)
 Population density calculated based on land area.
Time zoneUTC−5 (EST)

History

Nombre de Dios is the oldest continuously inhabited European settlement in the continental Americas. Originally a major port of call for the Spanish treasure fleet,[2] Nombre de Dios was the most significant port for shipping in the Americas between 1540 and 1580. After the opening of Potosí in 1546, silver was shipped north to Panama City and carried by mule train across the isthmus to Nombre de Dios for shipment to Havana and Spain.[3] As Nombre de Dios was situated near an unhealthy swamp and was nearly impossible to fortify, it declined in importance. In June 1572 the English privateer Francis Drake sacked the colony and in April of the following year he ambushed the Spanish Silver Train, a mule convoy carrying a fortune in precious metals. Drake captured the town again in 1595 but found little treasure, thereby missing 5 million pesos waiting off the Pacific side. After that date the Spanish preferred to use Portobelo as their Caribbean port.[4]

By 1580, Veracruz in present-day Mexico became a more important port. Mexican silver production increased steadily while South American production declined sharply after 1700. By 1600, Nombre de Dios had been all but abandoned by the Spanish. The town still exists, though it is much less populous than in the 16th century.

Its population as of 1990 was 1,028 and of 2000 was 1,053.[1]

Culture

Nombre de Dios is mentioned by the poet Derek Walcott in The Prodigal:

Caravels slid over the horizon.

The flags of the sea-almonds wilted
and yard-smoke drifted, forked as Drake's beard,

sacker of Nombre de Dios.

— The Prodigal (p. 46)

The bay is also mentioned in Sir Henry Newbolt's poem "Drake's Drum", about a legend of Sir Francis Drake:

Drake he's in his hammock an' a thousand miles away,
(Capten, art tha sleepin' there below?)
Slung atween the round shot in Nombre Dios Bay,
An' dreamin' arl the time o' Plymouth Hoe.
Yarnder lumes the Island, yarnder lie the ships,
Wi' sailor lads a-dancing' heel-an'-toe,
An' the shore-lights flashin', an' the night-tide dashin',
He sees et arl so plainly as he saw et long ago.

See also

References
  1. "Cuadro 11 (Superficie, población y densidad de población en la República...)" [Table 11 (Area, population, and population density in the Republic...)] (.xls). In "Resultados Finales Básicos" [Basic Final Results] (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics and Census of Panama. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
  2. Andagoya, Pascual de. Narrative of the Proceedings of Pedrarias Davila. The Hakluyt Society. Retrieved 21 June 2019 – via Wikisource.
  3. Chaunus, Spain's Atlantic trade
  4. Timothy R Walton,"The Spanish Treasure Fleets", 1974, page 103
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