Ozero

Ozero (Russian: О́зеро, lit. lake) (full name: дачный потребительский кооператив «Озеро», Dacha consumer cooperative "Ozero"[1]) is a dacha housing cooperative associated with Vladimir Putin's inner circle.[2]

"О́зеро" redirects here. For lakes in Russia, see List of lakes of Russia.

History

The dacha cooperative Ozero was founded on November 10, 1996[1] by Vladimir Smirnov (head), Vladimir Putin,[3][lower-alpha 1] Vladimir Yakunin, Andrei Fursenko, Sergey Fursenko, Yury Kovalchuk, Viktor Myachin, and Nikolay Shamalov.[5] The society united their dachas in Solovyovka, Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast, on the eastern shore[lower-alpha 2] of Lake Komsomolskoye[lower-alpha 3] on the Karelian Isthmus, near Saint Petersburg, Russia.[6][7]

Vladimir Putin returned from his KGB posting in Dresden in early 1990, prior to the formal establishment of the Ozero cooperative, and acquired property on the banks of Lake Komsomolskoye. His dacha burned down in 1996 but was rebuilt later that year.[3] Others bought more land around this area and built a number of villas close to each other to form a gated community.[8] A bank account linked to this cooperative association was opened, allowing money to be deposited and used by all account holders in accordance with the Russian law on cooperatives.[9]

By 2012 members of the Ozero cooperative had assumed top positions in Russian government and business and became very successful financially.[6][10][11]

Ozero members

The table includes alleged net worth or annual compensation[8][9][12]

Ozero member Full or Partial Ownership, Board Memberships, Directorships as of 2014 2013 Alleged Net Worth or annual compensation
Andrei Fursenko Center for Strategic Research Northwest, Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (2004-2012), Assistant to the President of the Russian Federation (2012-present), Honorary Consul to Bangladesh in St Petersburg Unknown
Sergey Fursenko Lentransgaz subsidiary of Gazprom, Gasprom Gas-Motor Fuel, president of National Media Group, president of the Russian Football Union (2010-2012) Unknown
Yury Kovalchuk Bank Rossiya and its subsidiaries (e.g. co-owner of National Media Group), Center for Strategic Research Northwest, Honorary Consul to Thailand in St Petersburg $1.4b net worth
Viktor Myachin former Director-General of Bank Rossiya (1995-1998, 1999-2004), CEO of the investment company "Abros", a subsidiary of Rossiya Bank (2004-present): This investment company owns 51% of the Согаз, a big insurance company in Russia Unknown
Vladimir Putin President of Russia see Personal wealth
Nikolay Shamalov Vyborg Shipyard, Bank Rossiya, Gazprombank $500m net worth
Vladimir Smirnov Techsnabexport (2002-present) Unknown
Vladimir Yakunin deputy minister of transport (2000-present), president of Russian Railways (2005-2015) $15m annual salary

Security

Purportedly the firm Rif-Security[lower-alpha 4] provides security for the Ozero Dacha Community. Rif-Security is controlled by the alleged boss of the Tambov Gang Vladimir Barsukov (Kumarin) and Vladimir Smirnov.[9][10]

Political effect

Some observers hint that the roots of Putin's power may lie in Ozero camaraderie.[3][lower-alpha 5]

The Ozero cooperative society holds a bank account at the Leningrad Oblast Bank. The financial transactions of the Ozero cooperative are unknown. By law any of the members would be able to deposit and withdraw funds for his own use. Karen Dawisha, director of the Havighurst Center for Russian and Post-Soviet Studies at Miami University, concluded that "in Russia a cooperative arrangement is another way for Putin to avoid being given money directly, while enjoying the wealth shared among co-owners".[9]

Putin. Corruption, an independent report published by the opposition People's Freedom Party, is about the alleged corruption in Vladimir Putin's inner circle and has a chapter about Ozero.[10]

See also

Notes
  1. In 1997, Putin used money from XX Trust to pay for a new bathroom at his two story dacha after an electrical fire in the sauna.[4]
  2. The fenced community is between the villages of Turfyanoye (Russian: Торфяное) in the Melnikovskoe rural settlement on the north of the lake and Solovyovka (Russian: Соловьёвка) in the Plodovskoe rural settlement on the southeast of the lake.
  3. Prior to 1948 the lake was not Russian but Finnish: Kiimajärvi.
  4. The offices of Rif-Security (Russian: Риф-Секьюрити) are located at Ulitsa Tambovskaya (Russian: улица Тамбовская) in St Petersburg
  5. After glubinka Anatoly Sobchak's 1996 electoral loss to glubinka Vladimir Yakovlev, a rival of Putin's in the St Petersburg mayor's office, Putin found work in Moscow and, in 1998, became the head of the Federal Security Service. Ozero gained tremendously, restoring St Petersburgers above Moscovites in Russian society.

References
  1. "15 лет самому мутному «Озеру» в мире!" [15 years of the most turbid "lake" in the world!] (in Russian). Novaya Gazeta. November 11, 2011. Retrieved February 19, 2016.
  2. "Кооператив "Озеро"" [The "Lake" Cooperative] (in Russian). kompromat.ru. March 6, 2000. Retrieved February 20, 2016.
  3. Hill, Fiona; Gaddy, Clifford G. (February 14, 2013). "How the 1980s Explains Vladimir Putin. The Ozero group.". The Atlantic. Retrieved February 19, 2016.
  4. Никитинский, Леонид (Nikitinsky, Leonid) (23 March 2000). ДЕЛО ПУТИНА [The Putin Case]. Novaya Gazeta (in Russian). Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
  5. Shakirov, Mumin (February 2, 2011). "Who was Mister Putin? An Interview with Boris Nemtsov". Open Democracy. Retrieved February 19, 2016.
  6. Pribilovsky, Vladimir. "Origin of Putin's oligarchy" (in Russian). Retrieved February 19, 2016.
  7. Felshtinsky, Yuri; Pribilovsky, Vladimir (June 27, 2004). "Who is Mr. Putin? Operation "Naslednik"" (in Russian). Retrieved February 19, 2016.
  8. Akhmirova, Rimma (September 14, 2010). "Zabor Putina" [Putin's Fence]. Sobesednik (in Russian). Moscow. Retrieved February 19, 2016.
  9. Dawisha, Karen (2014). Putin's Kleptocracy: Who Owns Russia?. Simon & Schuster. pp. 97, 98, 165, 338. ISBN 978-1-4767-9519-5.
  10. Milov, O.; Nemtsov, B.; Ryzhkov, V.; Shorina, O., eds. (2011). "Putin. Corruption. An independent white paper". putin-itogi.ru. Translated by Essel, Dave. Retrieved February 19, 2016.
  11. Shuklin, Peter (March 21, 2014). "Putin's inner circle: who got in a new list of US sanctions". liga.net. Archived from the original on February 7, 2015. Retrieved February 20, 2016.
  12. "Кто теперь живет на "даче Путина" в кооперативе "Озеро"" [Who now lives on "Putin's dacha" in the cooperative "Lake"]. Sobesednik (in Russian). Moscow. January 13, 2016. Retrieved February 20, 2016.
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