Paxillus

Paxillus is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include Paxillus involutus and Paxillus vernalis. Two former species—Tapinella panuoides and Tapinella atrotomentosa—have now been transferred to the related genus Tapinella in the family Tapinellaceae[2] [3]

Paxillus
P. involutus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Boletales
Family: Paxillaceae
Genus: Paxillus
Fr. (1835)
Type species
Paxillus involutus
(Batsch) Fr. (1838)
Synonyms[1]
  • Ruthea Opat. (1836)
  • Rhymovis Pers. ex Rabenh. (1844)
  • Paxillopsis E.-J.Gilbert (1931)
  • Parapaxillus Singer (1942)

Paxillus means small stake.[4]

Edibility

While this genus has in the past been erroneously considered edible, it is now known to be poisonous and has been linked to a number of recorded fatalities. The deadly poisonings appear to have been due to eating the mushrooms raw.[4]

Species

As of October 2018, Index Fungorum lists 38 valid species in Paxillus:[5]

  • Paxillus albidulus
  • Paxillus amazonicus
  • Paxillus ammoniavirescens
  • Paxillus atraetopus
  • Paxillus brunneotomentosus
  • Paxillus chalybaeus
  • Paxillus coffeaceus
  • Paxillus defibulatus
  • Paxillus fasciculatus
  • Paxillus fechtneri
  • Paxillus guttatus
  • Paxillus gymnopus
  • Paxillus hortensis
  • Paxillus ianthinophyllus
  • Paxillus involutus
  • Paxillus ionipus
  • Paxillus leoninus
  • Paxillus maculatus
  • Paxillus minutesquamulosus
  • Paxillus obscurisporus
  • Paxillus ochraceus
  • Paxillus pahangensis
  • Paxillus piperatus
  • Paxillus polychrous
  • Paxillus rhytidophyllus
  • Paxillus robiniae
  • Paxillus rubicundulus
  • Paxillus scleropus
  • Paxillus serbicus
  • Paxillus squamosus
  • Paxillus validus
  • Paxillus velenovskyi
  • Paxillus vernalis
  • Paxillus yunnanensis
  • Paxillus zerovae

References
  1. "Paxillus Fr. 1835". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 201-7-01. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  2. Binder M, Hibbett DS. 2006. Molecular systematics and biological diversification of Boletales. Mycologia 98:971.
  3. Binder M, Larsson KH, Matheny PB, Hibbett DS. 2010. Amylocorticiales ord. nov. and Jaapiales ord. nov.: Early diverging clades of Agaricomycetidae dominated by corticioid forms. Mycologia 102:865.
  4. Smith AH, Weber NS (1980). The Mushroom Hunter's Field Guide. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. p. 211. ISBN 978-0-472-85610-7.
  5. Kirk PM. "Species Fungorum (version 26th May 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Retrieved 2015-05-23.
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