Paxtang, Pennsylvania

Paxtang is a borough in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 1,561.[3] The borough is a suburb of Harrisburg and is one of the earliest colonial settlements in South Central Pennsylvania.

Paxtang, Pennsylvania
Borough
Paxtang Presbyterian Church on an old postcard
Location in Dauphin County and the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.
Paxtang
Location in Pennsylvania and the United States
Paxtang
Paxtang (the United States)
Coordinates: 40°15′39″N 76°50′02″W
CountryUnited States
StatePennsylvania
CountyDauphin
Settled1722
Incorporated1914
Government
 • TypeBorough Council
Area
 • Total0.41 sq mi (1.05 km2)
 • Land0.41 sq mi (1.05 km2)
 • Water0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2)
Elevation
371 ft (113 m)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total1,561
 • Estimate 
(2019)[2]
1,546
 • Density3,807.88/sq mi (1,470.82/km2)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP code
17111
Area code(s)717
FIPS code42-58504
Websitewww.paxtang.org

History

Paxtang dates to the 18th century when Euro-Americans settled at the site of the Shawnee-Lenape village of Peshtank.[4]Peshtank means "still waters".[5] Several important trails and routes crossed the area.[6] William Penn purchased the area known as Paxtang, or "Paxton". A license document dated 15 October 1714 grants Peter Bisaillon 250 acres of land "at Peshtang or any other Indian Town or Place on Sasquehannah within this Province," with permission to build any necessary buildings "during his Trade there or till further."[7][8]

Paxtang is the site where Presbyterian Scots-Irish frontiersmen organized the Paxton Boys, a vigilante group that murdered twenty Native Americans in the Conestoga Massacre. On December 14, 1763, more than 50 Paxton Boys rode to the settlement near Millersville, Pennsylvania, murdered six Natives, and burned their cabin. Governor John Penn placed the remaining fourteen Conestogas in protective custody in Lancaster, but the Paxton Boys broke in, killed, and mutilated all fourteen people on December 27, 1763. In January 1764, 140 Natives living peacefully in eastern Pennsylvania fled to Philadelphia for protection. The Paxton Boys marched on Philadelphia in January 1764 with about 250 men. British troops and Philadelphia militia prevented them from doing more violence.

Old Paxton Church

Paxtang is home to the Old Paxton Church, one of the earliest in the area. Built in 1740, the church is the oldest Presbyterian Church building in continuous use in Pennsylvania, and the second oldest in the United States. In 1726, the Rev. James Anderson of Donegal, Pennsylvania, became the first regular preacher. The history of the church is interwoven with the history of central colonial Pennsylvania.

In 1732, the congregation was officially organized as a Presbyterian Church by the Presbytery of Donegal, with the Rev. William Bertram as the first installed pastor. The Rev. John Elder, the "Fighting Parson," became pastor in 1738. He was pastor during the French and Indian War and Revolutionary War, and served as a commissioned officer. Many of the church's pastors have served long pastorates; the terms of four of its ministers total 140 years.

The present stone sanctuary was erected in 1740, replacing a log meeting house which had previously served as the place of worship. A stone marker south of the sanctuary indicates the site of the log building. A replica of the log meeting house was erected north of the present sanctuary.

Adjacent to the church is a historic cemetery. Here lie the bodies of soldiers of the French and Indian War, the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, and both World Wars. People who molded the early religious and political character of America are buried here, including John Harris II, William Maclay, the first United States senator from Pennsylvania, and four of the six commissioners who planned the town of Harrisburg with him in 1785. Ministers, legislators, farmers, teachers, men of affairs, and enslaved African Americans are buried here.

For detailed information about the church, a 200-page book A History of Paxton Church, written by the Pastor Emeritus Morton Glise, is available for purchase from the church.

Geography

Paxtang is located in southern Dauphin County at 40°15′39″N 76°50′2″W (40.260760, -76.833782).[9] It is bordered to the west by the city of Harrisburg.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 0.41 square miles (1.05 km2), all of it land.[3]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1920822—
19301,59493.9%
19401,7077.1%
19501,8578.8%
19601,9163.2%
19702,0396.4%
19801,649−19.1%
19901,599−3.0%
20001,570−1.8%
20101,561−0.6%
2019 (est.)1,546[2]−1.0%
Sources:[10][11][12]

As of the 2010 census, there were 1,561 people, 660 households, and 415 families living in the borough. The population density was 3,732.1 people per square mile (1,440.97/km²). There were 698 housing units at an average density of 1,668.8 units per square mile (644.3/km²). The racial makeup of the borough was 79% White (75.4% Non-Hispanic White), 10.6% Black or African American, 9.1% Hispanic or Latino (5.6% Puerto Rican), 1.9% Asian, 3.8% from other races, and 4.5% from two or more races (Multiracial).

Of the 660 households, 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.3% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.1% were non-families. 29.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.94.

As of the census[11] of 2000, there were 1,570 people, 670 households, and 438 families living in the borough. The population density was 3,753.6 people per square mile (1,443.3/km²). There were 703 housing units at an average density of 1,680.8 per square mile (646.3/km²). The racial makeup of the borough was 88.54% White, 6.37% African American, 0.13% Native American, 1.53% Asian, 1.66% from other races, and 1.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.01% of the population.

There were 670 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.7% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.5% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the borough, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.3 males.

The median income for a household in the borough was $46,250, and the median income for a family was $54,412. Males had a median income of $36,389 versus $29,712 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $23,217. About 3.4% of families and 4.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.7% of those under age 18 and 4.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Children in the borough attend public school in the Central Dauphin School District.

See also

References
  1. "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 28, 2020.
  2. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
  3. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Paxtang borough, Pennsylvania". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
  4. "...a town recently founded by Delaware and Shawnee Indians on the Susquehanna about forty-five miles north of Conestoga Indiantown." Kenny, Kevin. Peaceable Kingdom Lost (p. 20). Oxford University Press. Kindle Edition.
  5. "The Delawares called the place Peshtank, meaning “where the waters stand,” which in English became Paxtang." Kenny, Kevin. Peaceable Kingdom Lost (p. 20). Oxford University Press. Kindle Edition.
  6. "Here the Susquehanna reached its shallowest point, making Paxtang an ideal location for the transportation of people and commodities across the river." "Because of its location Paxtang was an important crossroads of commerce, migration, and cultural exchange." Kenny, Kevin. Peaceable Kingdom Lost (p. 20). Oxford University Press. Kindle Edition.
  7. Charles Augustus Hanna, The Wilderness Trail: Or, The Ventures and Adventures of the Pennsylvania Traders on the Allegheny Path, Volume 1, Putnam's sons, 1911
  8. "Group of Three Manuscript Documents Relating to the Activity of French Canadian and Pennsylvania Fur Trader and Explorer Peter Bisaillon," AbeBooks UK
  9. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  10. "Census of Population and Housing". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 11 December 2013.
  11. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  12. "Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Resident Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". Population Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 11, 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2013.

Further reading
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