Peda Venkata Raya

Venkata III (a.k.a. Pedda Venkata Raya) was the grandson of Aliya Rama Raya.[1][2][3] Venkata III belonged to the Telugu Family[4][5][6] and became the King of Vijayanagara Empire from 1632–1642. His brothers in law were Damarla Venkatappa Nayaka and Damarla Ayyappa Nayaka, both sons of Damarla Chennapa Nayakadu[7][8][9][10][11]

Peda Venkata Raya
Vijayanagara Empire
Sangama dynasty
Harihara I 1336–1356
Bukka Raya I 1356–1377
Harihara Raya II 1377–1404
Virupaksha Raya 1404–1405
Bukka Raya II 1405–1406
Deva Raya I 1406–1422
Ramachandra Raya 1422
Vira Vijaya Bukka Raya 1422–1424
Deva Raya II 1424–1446
Mallikarjuna Raya 1446–1465
Virupaksha Raya II 1465–1485
Praudha Raya 1485
Saluva dynasty
Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya 1485–1491
Thimma Bhupala 1491
Narasimha Raya II 1491–1505
Tuluva dynasty
Tuluva Narasa Nayaka 1491–1503
Vira Narasimha Raya 1503–1509
Krishna Deva Raya 1509–1529
Achyuta Deva Raya 1529–1542
Venkata I 1542
Sadasiva Raya 1542–1570
Aravidu dynasty
Aliya Rama Raya 1542–1565
Tirumala Deva Raya 1565–1572
Sriranga I 1572–1586
Venkata II 1586–1614
Sriranga II 1614
Rama Deva Raya 1617–1632
Venkata III 1632–1642
Sriranga III 1642–1646
Vijaynagar Venkathiraya Tamil Inscription, 1605 AD, Vellore District, displayed at the ASI Museum, Vellore Fort

Seizure by Timma Raja

His paternal uncle, Timma Raja, another brother of Sriranga II, considering himself to have a better claim, seized the government at Vellore Fort, compelling Venkata III to remain in his native Anekonda. The Nayaks of Gingee, Tanjore and Madurai declared support for Venkata III, while Timma Raja got support from no-one and was looked upon as a usurper.

Timma Raja nevertheless made a lot of trouble and civil strife continued until his death in 1635. Initially he was winning, until the King Pedda Venkata (Venkata III)’s nephew, Sriranga III took to the field and defeated Timma Raja with help from the Dutch in Pulicat, compelling him to accept Venkata III's claim. Timma Raja was allowed some territories under his control, but stirred up trouble for a second time, only to be slain by the Nayak of Gingee in 1635.

Peace was finally restored and Pedda Venkata Raya or Venkata III returned to Vellore to take charge.

Madras Land Grant

On 22 August 1639 Francis Day of the East India Company obtained a small strip of Land in the Coromandel Coast from Pedda Venkata Raya (a.k.a.Venkata III) in Chandragiri as a place to build a factory and warehouse for their trading activities. The region was under the control of the Damerla Venkatadri Nayakudu, a Recherla Velama Nayak of Kalahasti and Vandavasi. Venkatadri Nayakudu was son of Damerla Chennappa Nayakudu. This is widely regarded at the founding event of the formation of the Chennai (Madras) Metropolis and is to the day celebrated as Madras Day.

Trouble from Southern Nayaks

In 1637 the Nayaks of Tanjore and Madurai, out of some complications attempted to seize Venkata III and attacked Vellore but were defeated and peace was established.

Sriranga III’s rebellion

The Kings loyal nephew, Sriranga III for some reasons turned against the King in 1638 and engineered an invasion from Bijapur. The Bijapur – Sriranga III combine initially attacked Bangalore making the King Venkata III buy peace after an expensive deal. In 1641 the same combine launched another attack and were just 12 miles from Vellore Fort, but their camp was attacked with backing by Southern Nayaks.

Golkonda forces

In the following year (1641), the Qutb Shahi dynasty of Golconda watching the disorder, sent a huge force along the East Coast. The Golkonda army, after facing a stiff resistance near Madras by Venkata III's army backed by Damerla Venkatadri Nayak of Kalahasti and the Gingee Nayak, marched towards the Vellore Fort. But Venkata III, now badly under threat from all sides retreated to the Jungles of Chittoor and died October 1642.

Venkata III had no son and was immediately succeeded by his treacherous nephew Sriranga III, who came to Vellore Fort after deserting the Bijapur camp.

References

  1. Books International, Ajit Mani (2018). The Nawab's Tears. p. 266. ISBN 9781543704280.
  2. DS, deepak s (2016). Indian civilization. p. 266.
  3. AC, Amitava Chatterjee (2014). History: UGC-NET/SET/JRF (Paper II and III). p. 2. ISBN 9789332537040.
  4. Aryan Books Internationa, Sākkoṭṭai Krishṇaswāmi Aiyaṅgār (2000). Vijayanagara: History and Legacy. p. 186. ISBN 9788173051685.
  5. MH, Karnatak Historical Research Society (1992). THE Karnatak Historical Review. p. 2.
  6. National Book Trust, India, Robert Sewell, Domingos Paes, Fernão Nunes, Vasundhara Filliozat (1999). Vijayanagar: As Seen by Domingos Paes and Fernao Nuniz. p. 51. ISBN 9788123726588.
  7. Popular Prakashan, M. H. Rāma Sharma (1978). The history of the Vijayanagar Empire. p. 203.
  8. Books, Superintendent Government Printing (1942). Proceedings of the Session, Volume 18. p. 20.
  9. C. S. Srinivasachariar, V. Vriddhagirisan (1995). The Nayaks of Tanjore. p. 2. ISBN 9788120609969.
  10. Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams, T. K. T. Viraraghavacharya (1997). History of Tirupati: The Thiruvengadam Temple. p. 599.
  11. south India, Tamil University (1983). Tamil Civilization: Quarterly Research Journal of the Tamil University, Volume 1, Issues 2-4. p. 18.
  • Rao, Velcheru Narayana, and David Shulman, Sanjay Subrahmanyam. Symbols of substance : court and state in Nayaka period Tamilnadu (Delhi ; Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1998) ; xix, 349 p., [16] p. of plates : ill., maps ; 22 cm. ; Oxford India paperbacks ; Includes bibliographical references and index ; ISBN 0-19-564399-2.
  • Sathianathaier, R. History of the Nayaks of Madura [microform] by R. Sathyanatha Aiyar ; edited for the University, with introduction and notes by S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar ([Madras] : Oxford University Press, 1924) ; see also ([London] : H. Milford, Oxford university press, 1924) ; xvi, 403 p. ; 21 cm. ; SAMP early 20th-century Indian books project item 10819.
  • K.A. Nilakanta Sastry, History of South India, From Prehistoric times to fall of Vijayanagar, 1955, OUP, (Reprinted 2002) ISBN 0-19-560686-8.
Preceded by
Ramadeva
Vijayanagar empire
1632–1642
Succeeded by
Sriranga III
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