Pedro V of Portugal

Peter V (Portuguese: Pedro V Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpeðɾu]; 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861), nicknamed "the Hopeful" (Portuguese: o Esperançoso), was King of Portugal from 1853 to 1861.

"Pedro V" redirects here. For the King of Kongo and vassal of Portugal, see Pedro V of Kongo.

Peter V
King of Portugal
Reign15 November 1853 – 11 November 1861
Acclamation16 September 1855
PredecessorMaria II
SuccessorLuís I
RegentFernando II (1853–1855)
Prime Ministers
Born(1837-09-16)16 September 1837
Necessidades Palace, Lisbon
Died11 November 1861(1861-11-11) (aged 24)
Necessidades Palace, Lisbon
Burial
Pantheon of the Braganzas
SpousePrincess Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
Full name
Portuguese: Pedro de Alcântara Maria Fernando Miguel Rafael Gonzaga Xavier João António Leopoldo Víctor Francisco de Assis Júlio Amélio de Bragança e Bourbon Saxe-Coburgo-Gotha
HouseBraganza[1]
FatherPrince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry
MotherQueen Maria II of Portugal
ReligionRoman Catholicism
Signature

Early life and reign

As the eldest son of Queen Maria II and King Ferdinand II, Peter was a member of the House of Braganza.[1] As heir apparent to the throne he was styled Prince Royal (Portuguese: Príncipe Real), and was also the 19th Duke of Braganza (Duque de Bragança).

Peter was a conscientious and hard-working monarch who, under the guidance of his father, sought radical modernisation of the Portuguese state and infrastructure. Under his reign, roads, telegraphs, and railways were constructed and improvements in public health advanced. His popularity increased when, during the cholera outbreak of 1853–1856, he visited hospitals handing out gifts and comforting the sick.

Pedro V, along with his brothers Fernando and João and other royal family members, succumbed to typhoid fever or cholera in 1861.

Peter and his younger brother, Luís I of Portugal; William Barclay, 1843.

Marriage

Peter married Princess Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, eldest daughter of Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, and Princess Josephine of Baden, by proxy in Berlin on 29 April 1858 and then in person in Lisbon on 18 May 1858. It was a happy marriage until Queen Stephanie died a year later from diphtheria. As Peter and Stephanie's marriage was childless, the Portuguese throne passed to his brother Luís.

Titles, styles and honours
Main article: List of titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown

Titles and styles
Royal styles of
King Peter V of Portugal
Reference styleHis Most Faithful Majesty
Spoken styleYour Most Faithful Majesty
  • 16 September 1837 – 15 November 1853: His Royal Highness The Prince Royal of Portugal, Duke of Braganza
  • 15 November 1853 – 11 November 1861: His Most Faithful Majesty The King of Portugal and the Algarves

Pedro V's official styling as King of Portugal: By the Grace of God and by the Constitution of the Monarchy, Peter V, King of Portugal and the Algarves, of either side of the sea in Africa, Lord of Guinea and of Conquest, Navigation, and Commerce of Ethiopia, South Africa, Arabia, Persia and India, etc.[2]

As heir apparent to the Portuguese crown, Peter held the following titles:[3]

Honours
Domestic[4]
Foreign[4]

Ancestry

See also

References
  1. "While remaining patrilineal dynasts of the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944 Almanach de Gotha, Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of the 1838 Portuguese constitution declared, with respect to Ferdinand II of Portugal's issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza"
  2. Pinto 1883, pp. XV–XVI.
  3. Castelo Branco e Torres 1838, pp. XXIV–XXV, XXXIV.
  4. Pinto 1883, p. XVI.
  5. "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  6. Ferdinand Veldekens (1858). Le livre d'or de l'ordre de Léopold et de la croix de fer. lelong. p. 203.
  7. Bragança, Jose Vicente de; Estrela, Paulo Jorge (2017). "Troca de Decorações entre os Reis de Portugal e os Imperadores da Rússia" [Exchange of Decorations between the Kings of Portugal and the Emperors of Russia]. Pro Phalaris (in Portuguese). 16: 6–7. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
  8. Cibrario, Luigi (1869). Notizia storica del nobilissimo ordine supremo della santissima Annunziata. Sunto degli statuti, catalogo dei cavalieri (in Italian). Eredi Botta. p. 115. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  9. Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1864), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 13
  10. Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen (1857) (in German), "Königliche Ritter-Orden", p. 4
  11. "Caballeros Existentes en la Insignie Orden del Toison de Oro", Calendario manual y guía de forasteros en Madrid (in Spanish): 172, 1860, retrieved 26 April 2020
  12. Shaw, Wm. A. (1906) The Knights of England, I, London, p. 60
  13. Pinto 1883, pp. XV–XLVII.

Further reading
  • Castelo Branco e Torres, João Carlos Feo Cardoso de (1838). Resenha das familias titulares do Reino de Portugal: acompanhada das notícias biographicas de alguns individuos das mesmas famílias (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional.
  • Pinto, Albano da Silveira (1883). Resenha das familias titulares e grandes de Portugal (in Portuguese). I. Lisbon: Francisco Arthur da Silva.
Pedro V of Portugal
Cadet branch of the House of Aviz
Born: 16 September 1837 Died: 11 November 1861
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Maria II		 King of Portugal
1853–1861		 Succeeded by
Luís I
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