Per cent mille

Statistics of crime rates, mortality and prevalence of disease in a population are often given in "per 100 000".[2][3]

In nuclear reactor engineering, a per cent mille is equal to one-thousandth of a percent of the reactivity, denoted by Greek lowercase letter rho. Reactivity is a dimensionless unit representing a departure from criticality, calculated by:[4]

${\displaystyle \rho =(k_{\text{eff}}-1)/k_{\text{eff}}}$

where k_eff denotes the effective multiplication factor for the reaction. Therefore, one pcm is equal to:[5]

${\displaystyle 1~{\text{pcm}}=\rho \cdot 10^{5}}$

This unit is commonly used in the operation of light-water reactor sites because reactivity values tend to be small, so measuring in pcm allows reactivity to be expressed using whole numbers.[6]

• Percentage point difference of 1 part in 100
• Percentage (%) 1 part in 100
• Per mille (‰) 1 part in 1,000
• Basis point (bp) difference of 1 part in 10,000
• Permyriad (‱) 1 part in 10,000
• Parts-per notation including parts-per million, parts-per billion etc

• InHour (another unit of reactivity)
• Dollar (reactivity)
• Parts-per notation
• Per-unit system
• Percent point function