Phenomenology (physics)

In physics, phenomenology is the application of theoretical physics to experimental data by making quantitative predictions based upon known theories. It is in contrast to experimentation in the scientific method, in which the goal of the experiment is to test a scientific hypothesis instead of making predictions. Phenomenology is related to the philosophical notion in that these predictions describe anticipated behaviors for the phenomena in reality.

Phenomenology is commonly applied to the field of particle physics, where it forms a bridge between the mathematical models of theoretical physics (such as quantum field theories and theories of the structure of space-time) and the results of the high-energy particle experiments. It is sometimes used in other fields such as in condensed matter physics[1][2] and plasma physics,[3][4] when there are no existing theories for the observed experimental data.

Applications in particle physics

Standard Model consequences

Within the well-tested and generally accepted Standard Model, phenomenology is the calculating of detailed predictions for experiments, usually at high precision (e.g., including radiative corrections).

Examples include:

CKM matrix calculations
Main article: CKM matrix

The CKM matrix is useful in these predictions:

Theoretical models

In physics Beyond the Standard Model, phenomenology addresses the experimental consequences of new models: how their new particles could be searched for, how the model parameters could be measured, and how the model could be distinguished from other, competing models.

Phenomenological analysis

Phenomenological analyses, in which one studies the experimental consequences of adding the most general set of beyond-the-Standard-Model effects in a given sector of the Standard Model, usually parameterized in terms of anomalous couplings and higher-dimensional operators. In this case, the term "phenomenological" is being used more in its philosophy of science sense.

See also

References
  1. "Phenomenological Theory", Condensed Matter Physics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010-11-30, pp. 611–631, doi:10.1002/9780470949955.ch20, ISBN 9780470949955
  2. Malcherek, T.; Salje, E. K. H.; Kroll, H. (1997). "A phenomenological approach to ordering kinetics for partially conserved order parameters". Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 9 (38): 8075. Bibcode:1997JPCM....9.8075M. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/9/38/013. ISSN 0953-8984.
  3. Moret, J.-M.; Supra, E. Tore (1992). "Tokamak transport phenomenology and plasma dynamic response". Nuclear Fusion. 32 (7): 1241. Bibcode:1992NucFu..32.1241M. doi:10.1088/0029-5515/32/7/I13. ISSN 0029-5515.
  4. Roth, J. Reece; Dai, Xin; Rahel, Jozef; Sherman, Daniel (2005-01-10). The Physics and Phenomenology of Paraelectric One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge Plasma (OAUGDP) Actuators for Aerodynamic Flow Control. 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. doi:10.2514/6.2005-781. ISBN 9781624100642.
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