Phoronis

Phoronis is one of the two genera of the horseshoe worm family (Phoronidae), in the phylum Phoronida. The body has two sections, each with its own coelom. There is a specialist feeding structure, the lophophore, which is an extension of the wall of the coelom and is surrounded by tentacles. The gut is U-shaped. The diagnostic feature that distinguishes this genus is the lack of epidermal invagination at the base of the lophophore. These worms are filter feeders.[1]

This article is about the horseshoe worm genus. For other uses, see Phoronis (disambiguation).

Phoronis
Phoronis hippocrepia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Clade: Lophophorata
Phylum: Phoronida
Family: Phoronidae
Genus: Phoronis
Wright 1856
Type species
Phoronis ovalis
Wright 1856
Species

see text

Synonyms
  • Actinotrocha Müller 1846
  • Phoronella Haeckel 1896

The scientific name of the larval form is Actinotrocha.

Etymology

The generic name refers to Phoronis (better known as Io), a Greek mythological character sometimes conflated with Isis.[2] Thomas Strethill Wright, of Edinburgh, did not give a specific reason for choosing the name.[3]

Species

Phoronis architecta is no longer accepted and is considered to be a synonym of Phoronis psammophila. Similarly Phoronis vancouverensis is considered to be a synonym of Phoronis ijimai.[5]

A 2018 phylogenetic analysis indicates that Phoronis is paraphyletic, while Phoronopsis is a monophyletic genus.[6]

References
  1. Phoronida
  2. "Phoronis". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. "New Latin, probably from Latin Phoronis (Io, mythical priestess of Argos who was loved by Zeus)."
  3. Strethill Wright, T. (1856). "Description of Two Tubicolar Animals". The Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal. Edinburgh. 4 (new ser.): 316. [The entire footnote:] Phoronis, one of the surnames of Isis.
  4. World Register of Marine Species
  5. ITIS
  6. Temereva, E. N.; Neklyudov, B. V. (2018). A New Phoronid Species, Phoronis savinkini sp. n., from the South China Sea and an Analysis of the Taxonomic Diversity of Phoronida. Biology Bulletin. 45(7): 617-639. doi:10.1134/s1062359018070154


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